Entrepreneurial Career Probabilities of Adolescents

Introduction: The extent of new enterprise creation is a key driver contributing to economic, social, individual, and cultural values. Given a relatively low rate of Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) in Germany, an understanding of the predictors of adolescent entrepreneurial career preferences is critical in developing ways to foster the interest of young people in entrepreneurship. Although the late precursors of the intention to become self-employed are largely understood, only a few studies have investigated which early individual-level factors affect the subjective probability of becoming an entrepreneur. Objective: The objective of the current study is to identify and statistically examine personality factors that affect the subjective probability of adolescents becoming entrepreneurs. Methods: Based on the German Socio-Economic Panel, we employed logistic regression to research the dependence of the variable “probability of becoming self-employed” on independent variables such as gender, locus of control (LoC), and personality traits for German adolescents aged between 16–17 years. Results: The study reveals a positive influence of the personality traits conscientiousness, extraversion, and LoC on the probability of being self-employed for German adolescents aged between 16–17 years. Agreeableness and neuroticism were found to have no significant effect on the subjective probability of adolescents becoming entrepreneurs, and openness was found to have no significant impact on high likelihood of being self-employed. For adolescents, being female has a significant impact only on a medium probability to be self-employed. Conclusion: To the current body of personality models explaining early adolescent entrepreneurial career preferences, we contribute a model which refers to a representative sample of adolescents in German society.

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Self-Expressive Creativity in the Adolescent Digital Domain: Personality, Self-Esteem, and Emotions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224527 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4527 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pérez-Fuentes ◽

Molero Jurado ◽

Gázquez Linares ◽

Oropesa Ruiz ◽

Simón Márquez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

High School Students ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Openness To Experience ◽

Positive Development ◽

Personality Factors ◽

School Students ◽

Negative Effect

Background: Although self-expressive creativity is related to cyberbullying, it can also reinforce strengths that contribute to positive adolescent development. Our study concentrated on the relationships between personality traits and self-expressive creativity in the digital domain in an adolescent population. For this, we analyzed the effect of self-esteem and emotional intelligence as assets for positive development related to personality traits and self-expressive creativity. Methods: The study population included a total of 742 adolescents that were high-school students in the province of Almería, Spain. The following instruments were used: Big Five Inventory (BFI) to evaluate the five broad personality factors, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Expression, Management, and Emotion Recognition Evaluation Scale (TMMS-24), and the Creative Behavior Questionnaire: Digital (CBQD). Results: The cluster analysis revealed the existence of two profiles of adolescents based on their personality traits. The analysis showed that the group with the highest levels of extraversion and openness to experience and lowest levels of neuroticism were those who showed the highest scores in self-esteem, clarity, and emotional repair, as well as in self-expressive creativity. Higher scores in neuroticism and lower scores in extraversion and openness to experience showed a direct negative effect on self-expressive creativity and indirect effect through self-esteem and emotional attention, which acted as mediators in series. Conclusions: To counteract certain characteristics that increase adolescents’ vulnerability to social network bullying, a plan must be developed for adequate positive use of the Internet from a creative model that enables digital self-expression for acquiring identity and self-efficacy through the positive influence of peers, which promotes feelings of empowerment and self-affirmation through constructive tasks that reinforce self-esteem and emotional intelligence.

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ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN AMERICAN INDIAN NATIONS: EXTENDING THE GEM METHODOLOGY

Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship ◽

10.1142/s108494671350009x ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (02) ◽

pp. 1350009

Author(s):

REBECCA J. FRANKLIN ◽

MICHAEL H. MORRIS ◽

JUSTIN W. WEBB

Keyword(s):

American Indian ◽

Early Stage ◽

The United States ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽

Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽

Individual Level ◽

Global Entrepreneurship ◽

Entrepreneurial Activities ◽

Indian Nations

Drawing on institutional theory and using a methodology adapted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), early stage entrepreneurial activities are examined within American Indian nations. Examining a context within a larger institutional context, comparisons are made between three American Indian nations and the United States. Patterns are identified regarding total entrepreneurial activity (TEA), nascent entrepreneurship, business discontinuation and new and established business rates. Additional analyses are conducted of individual-level variables within American Indian nations including location, self-efficacy and other variables in relation to nascent entrepreneurship and business ownership. Implications are drawn for tribal entrepreneurship development and further extension of the GEM methodology.

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Million dollar personality: a systematic literature review on personality in crowdfunding

Management Review Quarterly ◽

10.1007/s11301-021-00242-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julia Neuhaus ◽

Andrew Isaak ◽

Denefa Bostandzic

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Research Question ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Third Party ◽

Future Research ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Individual Level ◽

Replication Studies ◽

The Relationship

AbstractExpressed personality traits can play a pivotal role in convincing investors in crowdfunding. Our study answers the research question: What is the current body of knowledge regarding the relationship between personality factors and crowdfunding success and where are knowledge gaps where the literature is silent? In our literature review, we therefore analyze and categorize (1) the results provided by quantitative studies on the relationship between the personality of entrepreneurs and crowdfunding success and (2) the research gaps identified by the authors investigating personality in crowdfunding. We find that studies investigating the entrepreneur's personality, i.e. the Big Five, other baseline personality traits (self-efficacy, innovativeness, locus of control, and need for achievement) and the Dark Triad, find positive relationships between openness and crowdfunding success, while narcissism shows an inverted u-shaped relationship with crowdfunding success across articles. However, the effects of other personality traits on crowdfunding success are largely inconclusive. Further, we identify four main gaps in the literature. First, future studies should examine non-linear relationships between expressed personality traits and crowdfunding success. Second, there is a need for more studies that employ different methods like qualitative or mixed-method approaches. Third, replication studies in similar and different contexts are urgently needed. Fourth, a plurality of personality perspectives would strengthen future research (e.g., investor perspective, third party perspective). To our knowledge this is the first literature review of personality traits in crowdfunding. Our work aims to enrich our understanding of individual-level components in the underexplored alternative finance market.

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Entrepreneurship and National Culture

Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development - Handbook of Research on Internationalization of Entrepreneurial Innovation in the Global Economy ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8216-0.ch001 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

José Guilherme Leitão Dantas ◽

António Moreira ◽

Fernando Manuel Valente

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Early Stage ◽

Power Distance ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Added Value ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Data Sets ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Global Entrepreneurship

The direct relationship between national cultural practice and entrepreneurship activities is analyzed in this chapter, based on the analysis of 44 countries. Datasets from 2012 and 2013 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) report are used to characterize three types of entrepreneurship: early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA); necessity-driven entrepreneurship (NDE) and opportunity-driven (ODE) entrepreneurship. Data sets on national cultural values are used to analyze five dimensions of Hofstede's work on cultural values (power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, long/short term orientation, and uncertainty avoidance). For that, the authors use the Values Survey Module 2013, which has been adapted from Hofstede's previous work from 2010 and 2008. The main conclusion is that the three types of entrepreneurship analyzed in this chapter are differently explained by the cultural and expanded models. If the country of origin and the type of economy are useful to explain TEA, they are of no added value to explain necessity-driven or opportunity-driven entrepreneurship.

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Women Entrepreneurship in Visegrad Region and its Drivers

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201664061899 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 1899-1910 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marian Holienka ◽

Zuzana Jančovičová ◽

Zuzana Kovačičová

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽

Female Population ◽

Women Entrepreneurship ◽

Individual Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Global Entrepreneurship ◽

Entrepreneurial Activities ◽

Visegrád Countries

The aim of our paper is to analyze the quantitative aspects of entrepreneurial activity among female population, and to investigate for drivers of women involvement in early‑stage entrepreneurial activities in Visegrad countries (i.e. Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland). We employ Global Entrepreneurship Monitor national and individual level data for four consecutive years 2011 – 2014 (altogether 16,036 respondents). First, we analyze the main indicators of female entrepreneurial activity, including the inclusivity index, using the descriptive statistics methods. Second, we execute logistic regression analysis and look for the factors related to entering the entrepreneurial path among women in our region, while considering the opportunity and necessity motive dichotomy. Our results show that women in V4 region exhibit more sceptic attitudes towards entrepreneurship as well as low inclusion in entrepreneurial activity in all stages, compared to their male counterparts. Further in our analysis, we have identified the most important factors that act as women entrepreneurship drivers, considering its motivation. Our findings therefore unveil the problematic aspects of women entrepreneurship in Visegrad countries and point out the potential solutions. In our paper we further discuss these findings and their implications.

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Analysis Of Determinants Of Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity In Russia

Comparative Economic Research ◽

10.1515/cer-2016-0004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elena Pawęta ◽

Yuri Kirillov

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽

Method Of Least Squares ◽

Individual Level ◽

Linear Relationships ◽

Attitudes And Perceptions ◽

The Individual ◽

Monitor Data

Entrepreneurial activity is very important for the economic development of any country. The question often asked by researchers is: what causes growth in the level of entrepreneurial activity? In this paper we focused on the individual-level determinants of entrepreneurial activity – the attitudes and perceptions of entrepreneurship by individuals in the society. The objective of this research is to define how individual-level variables concerning opinions and beliefs in the society influence the early-stage entrepreneurship level in Russia. The research is based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data, which we employ using the method of least squares in order to find linear relationships between variables. The results show that two out of presented four hypotheses have been proven. The data presented show that the entrepreneurship activity in the country is positively related to individual-level perceptions of entrepreneurship in the society. These findings may be useful for further research on entrepreneurial intentions.

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Entrepreneurship and National Culture

Entrepreneurship ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1923-2.ch062 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1456-1485 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Guilherme Leitão Dantas ◽

António Moreira ◽

Fernando Manuel Valente

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Early Stage ◽

Power Distance ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Added Value ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Data Sets ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Global Entrepreneurship

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National culture and public service motivation: investigating the relationship using Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions

International Review of Administrative Sciences ◽

10.1177/0020852315596214 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 83 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 23-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Sangmook Kim

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

National Culture ◽

Public Service ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Public Service Motivation ◽

Cultural Dimensions ◽

Future Research ◽

Individual Level ◽

Using Data ◽

The Relationship

Much research has focused on finding and explaining the antecedents, correlates, and outcomes of public service motivation (PSM), but little is known about the influence of national context on individuals’ PSM. Previous research suggests that national culture may exert an independent influence on individuals’ PSM. This article examines PSM as an individual-level variable that is related to national culture, which is represented by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme (2005), I investigate the relationship between cultural dimensions and individuals’ PSM. This article demonstrates that masculinity and indulgence are positively related to individuals’ PSM, whereas individualism is negatively associated with individuals’ PSM. However, power distance and uncertainty avoidance have a non-significant relationship with PSM. This article provides partial support for the thesis that national culture is associated with individuals’ PSM, but future research is required to explicate the relationship of cultural characteristics to individuals’ PSM. Points for practitioners Culture influences certain types of behavior both directly and indirectly. The article suggests that cultural tendencies such as masculinity, indulgence, and collectivism have a significant positive influence on individuals’ PSM. Organizational education and socialization enhancing these cultural values are likely to foster employees’ PSM.

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Personality traits and intrapreneurial behaviour

Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship ◽

10.1108/apjie-09-2019-0068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 31-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Zubair Alam ◽

Shazia Kousar ◽

Aiza Shabbir ◽

Muhammad Ali Kaleem

Keyword(s):

Competitive Advantage ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Content Type ◽

Individual Level ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Purpose Intrapreneurship is rapidly concerning organizations to tailor their operations and strategies for competitive advantage. Research on intrapreneurial dimensions is in the developing stage, requiring more rigorous methods of investigation and application in various contexts. This study aims to focus on individual level intrapreneurship by examining the association of personality traits (PTs) on intrapreneurial behaviour (IB) moderated by knowledge sharing behaviour (KSB) and comparison of employees in engineering and functional departments. Design/methodology/approach A survey has been conducted for data collection using a structured questionnaire. Partial least squares structural equation modelling has been used for hypotheses testing, moderation and multi-group analysis on a sample of 534 respondents. Findings Results reveal that PTs exerted a positive influence on IB. The impact of PTs on IB was more pronounced in the employees of functional departments. KSB moderates positively in the relationship between PTs and IB. Both groups significantly differ in dimensions of PTs. Practical implications Organizations can do little to improve PTs of employees, which impacts on intrapreneurship in organizations. However, KSB in organizations can be improved by adopting various measures. KSB eventually promotes innovation in organizations resulting in an overall competitive advantage for firms. Originality/value This is the first study that contributes theoretically in intrapreneurship literature by providing insights on PTs impacting IB incorporating KSB and comparing the diverse group of employees.

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Relationship between personality traits and reproductive choices among women attending the psychiatric clinic of a Nigerian Teaching Hospital

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190853 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 892

Author(s):

Boladale M. Mapayi ◽

Champion Seun-Fadipe ◽

Adesanmi Akinsulore ◽

Olutayo O. Aloba ◽

Olukunle O. Oginni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Contraceptive Use ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Personality Factors ◽

Psychiatric Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reproductive Choices ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental

Background: The study aimed to assess the relationship between personality traits and reproductive choices among women attending the psychiatric clinic at a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.Methods: The original study used a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test-controlled design though this article presents a cross sectional view of results. Two hundred females were recruited into the study. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to the respondents which elicited information on background characteristics, baseline contraceptive indicators and personality traits. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential methods.Results: The personality factors found to affect contraceptive use included high scores on Conscientiousness, Extraversion and Neuroticism, though only extraversion maintained this relationship on regression analysis. The personality factors found to affect pregnancy plan included high scores on Conscientiousness.Conclusions: This study showed a distinct relationship between specific personality traits and contraceptive use with neuroticism exhibiting a negative influence on use while conscientiousness exhibited a positive influence.

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