scholarly journals “Fixing” Mother’s who Drink: Family Narratives on Secrecy, Shame and Silence

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liezille Jacobs ◽  
Julian Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Alcoholic Anonymous ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Family Narratives ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Background: In South Africa, there is a paucity of qualitative studies giving a voice to mothers who drink, which could inform interventions to assist families to heal from repetitive alcohol use disorders. Methods: This qualitative study explored the discursive accounts of 10 mothers who are members of Alcoholic Anonymous in the context of their complex state of being-in-the-world with others (like husbands and children). The aims of this study were to explore why mothers drank excessively and to unpack their families’ responses to their drinking. Results: First-person narratives with mothers’ about their lived experience with alcohol use disorder illustrate the main themes, which emanated from these discussions. The discourses on secrecy, shame and silence related to the mother’s lived-experience with alcohol’s occurrence in the family. This paper recommends that families who always stand over and against an alcohol dependent past should consider attending free support group meetings for loved ones of Alcoholics. A popular family support group for families affected by alcohol dependency is known as Al-anon.

Personality Processes Related to the Development and Resolution of Alcohol Use Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Sher ◽  
Andrew Littlefield ◽  
Matthew Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Life Transitions ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Adult Role ◽  
Static View

This chapter discusses relations between personality and alcohol use disorder (AUD). After reviewing basic terms and concepts in personality research, two major areas of contemporary research are discussed. The first area concerns how personality traits are implicated in etiologic pathways to AUD. This highlights the centrality of personality to conceptualizing AUD and related psychopathology. The second area is research emphasizing movement beyond a static view of personality, recognizing that personality traits are dynamic and change as a function of human development and life transitions. In particular, whereas past research on “maturing out” of AUD emphasized salutary effects of young adult role transitions, recent evidence reveals normative patterns of developmental personality maturation and supports these as additional influences on maturing out. The chapter discusses ways that contextual role effects and personality maturation can perhaps be integrated into a broader model of maturing out of AUD. Implications for future investigation are presented.

Implications of Heterogeneity in Alcohol Use Disorders for Understanding Developmental Pathways and Prevention Programming

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Hussong ◽  
W. Andrew Rothenberg ◽  
Ruth K Smith ◽  
Maleeha Haroon
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Prevention Programming ◽  
Preventive Program ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Core Deficit ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

This chapter discusses current conceptualizations of heterogeneity in alcohol use disorder (AUD), characterizes developmental pathways that lead to different subtypes of AUDs, and discusses how such pathways can inform preventive program design. Specifically, it reviews the “internalizing” and “externalizing” developmental pathways to AUDs. The externalizing pathway is characterized by a core deficit in behavioral control, whereas the internalizing pathway is characterized by a core deficit in emotion regulation. Both pathways predict drinking onset and escalation to AUD for some individuals. The chapter calls for the development of interventions to treat early childhood precursors to AUDs, innovative methods to identify individuals at risk for early emerging AUDs, additional investigation of how core pathway deficits operate across development, and greater consideration of how externalizing and internalizing pathways may interact within and across individuals.

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

An observational study to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in advanced cancer patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Webber ◽  
Andrew N Davies
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Current Smoking Status ◽  
Current Smoking

Context: observational studies in North America suggest alcohol dependence is a common problem in advanced cancer patients and is associated with a high burden of physical and psychological symptoms. The prevalence of all types of alcohol use disorders, and the relationship between alcohol use disorders and symptoms, has not been studied. Objectives: this observational, cross-sectional study was designed to determine the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in patients with advanced cancer and establish if such patients have a higher symptom burden. Methods: sequential patients referred to the palliative medicine team at a United Kingdom cancer centre completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form (MSAS-SF). Results: 120 patients participated in the study. Twenty-two (18%) patients screened positively for the presence of an alcohol use disorder. This study found no significant association between alcohol use disorders and the presence of anxiety ( P = 0.38) or depression ( P = 0.81) on the HADS or the global distress index subscale ( P = 0.142), physical symptom distress index subscale ( P = 0.734), or the psychological distress index subscale ( P = 0.154) on the MSAS-SF. Current smoking status was the only independent predictor for the presence of an alcohol use disorder ( P < 0.001). Seven (6%) patients screened positively for high-risk alcohol use disorders. Current smoking status ( P < 0.001) and male gender ( p < 0.001) were independent predictors of this problem. Conclusions: alcohol use disorders in this cohort of patients were not associated with a higher symptom burden, and the prevalence was lower than the general United Kingdom population.

Patients With Alcohol Use Disorders and Their Concerned Others: Concordance of Lived Experience as a Moderator of Treatment Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400
Author(s):  
Christine Timko ◽  
Michael A. Cucciare ◽  
Kathleen M. Grant ◽  
Lance Brendan Young ◽  
Fernanda S. Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders

scholarly journals Occurrence of Alcohol Dependence, Pattern of Alcohol Use, and Psychiatric Comorbidity in a Tertiary Care Centre in Upper Assam, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 1674-1678
Author(s):  
Kamala Deka ◽  
Manju Partha Baruah ◽  
Dipjyoti Bora
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Occupancy Rate ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Bed Occupancy ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BACKGROUND There has been an increased rate of diagnosis of alcohol dependent syndrome (ADS) observed in our psychiatry clinic constituting a major portion of them into inpatients care. Evaluation of psychiatric complaints in patients with alcohol dependant syndrome is challenging at times. Depression has been found to be a common psychological association seen in them. Suicidality and other selfharming behaviour as a co morbidity are also not uncommon. There is dearth of information available on occurrence of alcohol dependent syndrome in psychiatry attendees and pattern of alcohol use especially from this part of north-eastern region of Assam. We wanted to assess the occurrence and pattern of alcohol use disorder amongst patients attending psychiatry unit of a tertiary care centre in upper Assam, estimate its bed occupancy rate, and determine psychiatric comorbidity among them. METHODS A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among 104 consecutive subjects attending Psychiatry department of Jorhat Medical College, Assam. After thorough examination and informed written consent subjects were administered with alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) and MINI plus. Semi structured socio demographic Proforma was used to collect information on demographic data and different variables. As it was a descriptive study, data collected were organized in frequency tables and analysed using percentage. RESULTS In present study, prevalence of alcohol dependent syndrome in psychiatry set up was 12.68 % and bed occupancy rate of ADS was 13 %. Majority were between the age 28 and 47 years, males, Hindus, married, belonged to nuclear family and hailed from upper lower social class followed by lower middle class. Approximately 18 % of cases had psychiatric co morbidity and majority of them had depression and suicidality. CONCLUSIONS A major number of alcohol dependant patients attended psychiatry OPD and occupied almost half of the beds as inpatients of a tertiary care hospital. Mood disorder was the commonest comorbid condition in these patients. Though the results cannot be generalized, it may definitely reflect the magnitude of alcohol use in this region. Hence forth a psychiatry unit like ours warrant a full-fledged department for treatment of ADS and alcohol related problems and some policy to work for its prevention. KEYWORDS ADS, Occurrence, Bed Occupancy, Psychiatric Co-Morbidity

scholarly journals Toward the prevention of alcohol use disorders: Overdrinking (unintentional binge drinking) in a community sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205510291879270 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Michler Bishop ◽  
Jose Luis Rodriquez Orjuela
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past

Approximately 64,000,000 people in the United States report binge drinking at least once in the past month. Unlike overeating and oversleeping, “overdrinking”—defined as drinking more than a person intends to drink—does not exist in the literature. Terms such as binge and problem drinking do not consider the intent of the drinker. The results of this pilot study suggest that most people drink more than they intend to drink. Moreover, they also report often being surprised that they overdrank. Smartphones may help overdrinkers be less often surprised by overdrinking and may prevent drinkers from developing an alcohol use disorder.

scholarly journals Evaluation of childhood traumatic experience as a risk factor for alcohol use disorder in adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Wang ◽  
Cui-Xia An ◽  
Mei Song ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Frequent Drinking

Abstract Background We aimed to investigate the effect of early-age (prenatal, infant, and childhood) trauma on adulthood alcohol use disorder. Methods A total number of 1534 subjects who were born and live in the city of Tangshan were selected. The subjects were divided into three age groups. General demographic data, conditions of the mothers during pregnancy, and condition of the babies at birth, were collected. The diagnosis of alcohol use disorder was based on Structured Clinical Interviews for DSM-IV Axis Disorders (patient version) (SCID). The childhood trauma questionnaire short form (CTQ-SF) [1] and the Lifetime of Experience Questionnaire (LTE-Q) [2] were used to evaluate stress in childhood and adulthood, respectively. Results Only male subjects were diagnosed with lifelong alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of lifetime alcohol use disorder (X2 = 4.480, P = 0.345), current alcohol abuse, and current alcohol dependence among the three groups (X2abuse = 2.177, X2depedence = 2.198, P > 0.05). However, higher prevalence of lifetime alcohol use disorders was found in group with higher scores of CTQ (X2 = 9.315, P = 0.009), emotional abuse (X2 = 8.025, P = 0.018), physical abuse (X2 = 20.4080, P < 0.001), but not in the group with higher scores of emotional neglect (X2 = 1.226, P = 0.542), sexual abuse (X2 = 2.779, P = 0.249), physical neglect (X2 = 3.978, P = 0.137), LTE-Q (X2 = 5.415, P = 0.067), and PSQI (X2 = 5.238, P = 0.073). Protective factor for alcohol abuse for men was identified to be heavy drinking (OR = 0.085, 95%CI: 0.011–0.661), and the risk factors for alcohol abuse were identified to be frequent drinking (OR = 2.736, 95%CI: 1.500, 4.988), and consumption of low liquor (OR = 2.563, 95%CI: 1.387, 4.734). Risk factors for alcohol dependence in males were identified to be consumption of low liquor (OR = 5.501, 95%CI: 2.004, 15.103), frequent drinking (OR = 2.680, 95%CI: 1.164, 6.170), and childhood physical abuse (OR = 2.310, 95% CI: 1.026, 5.201). Conclusion Traumatic experience during infant and prenatal periods does not have a strong statistical correlation with alcohol use disorders for male adults. However, subjects with high CTQ scores, experience of emotional abuse and physical abuse show a statistically higher prevalence of lifetime alcohol use disorders. Several risk factors including consumption of low liquor, frequent drinking, and childhood physical abuse contribute to alcohol dependence in male adults.

Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders in Mexico

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
María Elena Medina-Mora ◽  
Carmen Lara ◽  
Joaquín Zambrano ◽  
Corina Benjet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Low Prevalence

We provide information on prevalence rates of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders, as well as service utilization among persons that present with alcohol abuse or dependence in Mexico. The data were collected in 2001 and 2002 in the Mexican National Comorbidity Survey. The sample design was stratified, using a computerized version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. The response rate was 76.6%, for a total of 5,826 interviews; 86.2% of the population had ever tried alcohol and 43.5% drank in the past 12 months. Lifetime abuse or dependence was reported by 7.6% of the population, and in the past 12 months by 2.0%. Only 30.9% of all respondents with an alcohol use disorder had ever used any treatment service, and then after several years' delay. The low prevalence of service use is a matter of great concern in Mexico. Extension of services, increasing the number of health professionals in this area and more diverse and appropriate treatment programs are urgently needed.

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