A Fast Algorithm for the Demosaicing Problem Concerning the Bayer Pattern

Introduction: In this paper, we deal with the demosaicing problem when the Bayer pattern is used. We propose a fast heuristic algorithm, consisting of three parts. Methods: In the first one, we initialize the green channel by means of an edge-directed and weighted average technique. In the second part, the red and blue channels are updated, thanks to an equality constraint on the second derivatives. The third part consists of a constant-hue-based interpolation. Results: We show experimentally how the proposed algorithm gives in mean better reconstructions than more computationally expensive algorithms.

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ENSURF: multi-model sea level forecast – implementation and validation results for the IBIROOS and Western Mediterranean regions

Ocean Science ◽

10.5194/os-8-211-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 211-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B. Pérez ◽

R. Brouwer ◽

J. Beckers ◽

D. Paradis ◽

C. Balseiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Sea Level ◽

Bayesian Model ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Bayesian Model Average ◽

Easy Access ◽

Visualization Tool ◽

Average Technique ◽

Model Average

Abstract. ENSURF (Ensemble SURge Forecast) is a multi-model application for sea level forecast that makes use of several storm surge or circulation models and near-real time tide gauge data in the region, with the following main goals: 1. providing easy access to existing forecasts, as well as to its performance and model validation, by means of an adequate visualization tool; 2. generation of better forecasts of sea level, including confidence intervals, by means of the Bayesian Model Average technique (BMA). The Bayesian Model Average technique generates an overall forecast probability density function (PDF) by making a weighted average of the individual forecasts PDF's; the weights represent the Bayesian likelihood that a model will give the correct forecast and are continuously updated based on the performance of the models during a recent training period. This implies the technique needs the availability of sea level data from tide gauges in near-real time. The system was implemented for the European Atlantic facade (IBIROOS region) and Western Mediterranean coast based on the MATROOS visualization tool developed by Deltares. Results of validation of the different models and BMA implementation for the main harbours are presented for these regions where this kind of activity is performed for the first time. The system is currently operational at Puertos del Estado and has proved to be useful in the detection of calibration problems in some of the circulation models, in the identification of the systematic differences between baroclinic and barotropic models for sea level forecasts and to demonstrate the feasibility of providing an overall probabilistic forecast, based on the BMA method.

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Hybrid Balanced Justified Treynor ratio

Managerial Finance ◽

10.1108/mf-03-2019-0118 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Saeid Tajdini ◽

Mohsen Mehrara ◽

Reza Tehrani

Keyword(s):

Regime Switching ◽

Weighted Average ◽

First Grade ◽

Weighted Averaging ◽

Markov Switching Model ◽

Final Model ◽

Content Type ◽

Switching Model ◽

The Third ◽

Markov Regime Switching Model

PurposeRisk and return are the most important components in the financial and investment world and the existence of a better balance between them with the goal of the best solution for investing in different assets has always been studied and discussed by researchers. For this purpose in this study introduced the Hybrid Balanced Justified Treynor ratio (HBJTR) criterion.Design/methodology/approachThis study introduced the HBJTR criterion, which has three major attributes, including combination of both the frequency and severity of the risk using Markov regime switching model which was modeled on the Justified Beta (Jßi). The second is the merger of data of both the cycles of boom and recession, which was modeled on the Hybrid Justified Treynor Ratio (HJTR). The third was the balancing act in two periods of boom and recession, which was introduced on the HBJTR model.FindingsBased on a weighted averaging of the Justified Treynor ratio of both the cycles of boom and recession, which was introduced by the HJTR term in this study, the superiority in the first grade related to the two indexes were sugar index (0.0096) and insurance index (0.0053). Finally, using the final model in this study, namely HBJTR, the overall advantage was the defensive index, i.e. the insurance index of 1.23.Originality/valueIn other words, the HBJTRi criterion consists of three steps: first, the Justified Beta (Jßi) and Justified Treynor ratio of each index using two regimes of Markov switching model were calculated for each of the cycles of boom and recession separately according to formulas 8 and 9. In the second step, the weighted average was taken from both Justified Treynor ratios of boom and recession cycles, which was called the HJTR. In the third step, to calculate the HBJTR criterion

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Impacts of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway on Accessibility and Economic Linkage of the Third Pole

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10113982 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3982 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shicheng Li ◽

Jian Gong ◽

Qinghai Deng ◽

Tianyu Zhou

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Travel Time ◽

Eastern China ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Spatial Disparity ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Capital Cities ◽

The Third ◽

Average Travel Time ◽

Economic Linkages

Constructing the Qinghai–Tibet Railway (QTR) was a landmark project and was beneficial to the sustainable development of the Third Pole. To understand the sustainable development of remote regions by the provision of railway, we studied the QTR’s impact on accessibilities and economic linkages for four cities in the Third Pole, Xining, Golmud, Nagqu, and Lhasa, and between these four cities and 29 capital cities in mid-eastern China. First, employing average shortest travel time (ASTT) and weighted average travel time (WATT) as indicators, we calculated the railway-based accessibilities for June 2006 and January 2013. Then, using a gravity model, railway-based economic linkages were determined. The results demonstrate that: (i) ASTT for Xining–Golmud decreased by 4.14 h from June 2006 to January 2013. Both ASTT and WATT indicated that the accessibilities of the four cities and between these four cities and 29 capital cities in mid-eastern China improved significantly, and the spatial disparity in accessibility for the four cities decreased, which increased the balance and sustainability of the transportation system; (ii) the average contribution rate of the QTR to improving economic linkages for six routes among the four cities was 25.29%, with the Xining–Nagqu and Nagqu–Lhasa linkages improving most significantly; (iii) the QTR strengthened economic linkages between the four cities and mid-eastern cities. Because of the QTR, the economic linkages between the four cities and 29 capital cities increased 27.58% on average. The spatial disparity in interurban economic linkages also decreased. Transporting products from Tibet should be promoted to strengthen the sustainability of economic growth.

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ITC Limited: Decoding Business Segment Betas

Asian Case Research Journal ◽

10.1142/s0218927519500081 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (02) ◽

pp. 203-235

Author(s):

Shalini Talwar ◽

Anmol Garg

Keyword(s):

Average Cost ◽

Cost Of Capital ◽

Investment Decisions ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Extensive Discussion ◽

Entire Process ◽

The Third ◽

The Future

OCV was seeking to improve its processes and enhance the skills of its analysts so as to provide valuable solutions for their clients in terms of the issues related to the profitability and risk of their existing business portfolios as well as the proposed new projects. A team was formed to evaluate if breaking down the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to the divisional level could improve the quality of investment decisions by multi-division firms. ITC was chosen to analyse the entire process of breaking down WACC to the divisional level. The team had three distinct tasks to undertake. The first was the calculation of the divisional WACC for different business segments of ITC, the second was an extensive discussion on the issues that could arise in the complex computations, and the third was to take a final call on whether the breaking down of WACC to the divisional level would really add value to the future investment decisions.

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Experimental Study of a Multipoint Random Dynamic Loading Identification Method Based on Weighted Average Technique

Shock and Vibration ◽

10.1155/2019/7368095 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Xiaonan Gai ◽

Kaiping Yu

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Loading ◽

Thermal Protection ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Structure Identification ◽

Load Spectrum ◽

Average Technique ◽

Identification Method ◽

Actual Load

Most of random dynamic loading identification research studies are about the original inverse pseudoexcitation method which does not fundamentally reduce the negative effect of ill-conditioned frequency response function matrix on accuracy of loading identification. This paper describes a new improved method based on weighted average technique to reduce peak errors between identified load spectrum and the actual load spectrum near some natural frequencies. Meanwhile, relative error of root mean square value between identified load and the actual load is reduced. The introduced selection method of threshold value is innovative which is the key of weighted average technique. This improved loading identification method is successfully applied to experiments of cantilever beam and thermal protection composite plate structure. Identification results prove that the proposed method is valid by good agreement between identified power spectrum density and the actual one. Moreover, this method has higher accuracy than inverse pseudoexcitation method in low-frequency band.

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Three problems in robotics

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1243/0954406021524927 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 216 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J M Selig

Keyword(s):

Least Squares ◽

Potential Function ◽

Equilibrium Position ◽

Screw Theory ◽

Rigid Motion ◽

The Body ◽

The Third ◽

Second Derivatives ◽

Spring System ◽

The Stability

Three rather different problems in robotics are studied using the same technique from screw theory. The first problem concerns systems of springs. The potential function is differentiated in the direction of an arbitrary screw to find the equilibrium position. The second problem is almost identical in terms of the computations; the least-squares solution to the problem of finding the rigid motion undergone by a body given only data about points on the body is sought. In the third problem the Jacobian of a Stewart platform is found. Again, this is achieved by differentiating with respect to a screw. Furthermore, second-order properties of the first two problems are studied. The Hessian of second derivatives is computed, and hence the stability properties of the equilibrium positions of the spring system are found.

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Statodynamic disturbances of functions as one of the reasons for the accumulated disability of the population in the Rostov region

Bulletin of the Medical Institute "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH) ◽

10.20340/vmi-rvz.2021.3.hlthcr.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

I. G. Berezin ◽

L. A. Yakimenko ◽

F. V. Logvin ◽

A. D. Nasytko

Keyword(s):

Weighted Average ◽

Statistical Processing ◽

People With Disabilities ◽

Disabled Persons ◽

Disability Assessment ◽

Age Group ◽

Male Population ◽

The Third ◽

Rostov Region ◽

Severity Of Disability

In the course of the study, it was possible to identify the weighted average values of the burden of static-dynamic diseases among the female and male population of young age. A continuous study was carried out in 2020 on the basis of the Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Rostov Region. In the course of the work, a database was compiled on the accumulated disability in the Rostov region for people aged 18–45 years (23,248 cases). In the course of the study, five age-sex groups were identified: 1) 18–25 years old, 2) 26–30 years old, 3) 31–35 years old, 4) 36–40 years old, 5) 41–45 years old. The study of indicators of a separate age group included the calculation of the frequency of accumulated disability, assessment of the structure of the contingent, taking into account the causes and severity of disability. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out by comparing the average values in the Statistica 10 application program. In the first studied age group, the incidence of accumulated disability is 87.9 cases per 10 thousand of the population, among them 17.7 cases per 10 thousand of the population are people with disabilities. statodynamic disturbances (20.1%). In the second group, the frequency of general disability is 70.9 cases per 10 thousand of the population, among them 17.0 cases per 10 thousand of the population are people with disabilities with staticdynamic disorders (24.0%). In the third group, the incidence of accumulated disability is 119.1 cases per 10 thousand of the population, among them 31.4 cases per 10 thousand of the population are disabled persons with static-dynamic disorders (26.4%). In the fourth group, the incidence of accumulated disability is 182.0 cases per 10 thousand of the population, among them 54.7 cases per 10 thousand of the population are people with disabilities with static-dynamic disorders (30.0 %). In the fifth group, the frequency of general disability is 276.2 cases per 10 thousand of the population, among them 82.9 cases per 10 thousand of the population are people with disabilities with static-dynamic disorders (30.0 %). Thus, the indicator of accumulated disability with statodynamic disorders is higher in the fifth age-sex group of the study (82.9 cases per 10 thousand population); in the structure of the severity of disability, the third group prevails.

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CFD Application for the Characterization of Surface Pressures on Telescopes

Volume 2: Fora ◽

10.1115/fedsm2005-77345 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Balaji Kaushik ◽

Richard D. Hale ◽

Ray Taghavi

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Tunnel ◽

Vertical Plane ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Average Technique ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Reflective Surface ◽

Critical Configuration ◽

Common Parent

Aerodynamic trade studies in support of an interdisciplinary research program for large ground based telescopes are addressed. Numerous CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) trade studies were carried out to help identify the initial critical configuration of the telescope. The highest pressures induced on the reflective surface of the telescope mirror in the critical configuration were used in structural analysis. A module that correlated disparate discretizations in structural and fluid analyses through common parent geometry was developed. This module mapped surface pressures from the CFD discretization to the structural discretization using a weighted average technique. Experimental validation of the CFD results was carried out in the University of Kansas subsonic wind tunnel. The results from the CFD analysis and the wind tunnel experiments were in close agreement, with the maximum variation of pressures being 1%–8%. The preliminary telescope configuration that induced the highest pressure on the reflective surface of the primary mirror was identified as one inclined at 60° from the vertical plane and facing the wind directly. An “open-air” CFD model was developed that simulated the observatory shut-off operating conditions of 15 m/s wind speed and a fail-safe operating condition of 50 m/s wind speed. Critical local total gage pressures were 165 Pa and 1400 Pa at 15 and 50 m/s wind speeds respectively.

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A Fast Multilevel Fuzzy Transform Image Compression Method

Axioms ◽

10.3390/axioms8040135 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

Ferdinando Di Martino ◽

Irina Perfilieva ◽

Salvatore Sessa

Keyword(s):

Image Compression ◽

Compression Ratio ◽

Fast Algorithm ◽

Execution Time ◽

Compression Method ◽

Fuzzy Transform ◽

Cpu Time ◽

Computationally Expensive ◽

Required Quality ◽

Fast Variation

We present a fast algorithm that improves on the performance of the multilevel fuzzy transform image compression method. The multilevel F-transform (for short, MF-tr) algorithm is an image compression method based on fuzzy transforms that, compared to the classic fuzzy transform (F-transform) image compression method, has the advantage of being able to reconstruct an image with the required quality. However, this method can be computationally expensive in terms of execution time since, based on the compression ratio used, different iterations may be necessary in order to reconstruct the image with the required quality. To solve this problem, we propose a fast variation of the multilevel F-transform algorithm in which the optimal compression ratio is found in order to reconstruct the image in as few iterations as possible. Comparison tests show that our method reconstructs the image in at most half of the CPU time used by the MF-tr algorithm.

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A new method to identify flux ropes in space plasmas

10.5194/angeo-2018-42 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Shiyong Huang ◽

Pufan Zhao ◽

Jiansen He ◽

Zhigang Yuan ◽

Meng Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flux Rope ◽

Target Function ◽

Weighted Average ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

New Method ◽

Space Plasmas ◽

Average Technique ◽

Flux Ropes ◽

The Ideal

Abstract. Flux ropes are frequently observed in the space plasmas, such as magnetosphere, magnetosheath, and solar wind etc., and play an important role in the reconnection process and mass and flux transportation. One usually used bipolar signature and strong core field to identify the flux ropes. We propose here one new method to identify flux ropes based on the correlations between the variables of the data from in-situ spacecraft observations and the target-function-to-be-correlated (TFC) from the ideal flux rope model. Through comparing the correlation coefficients of different variables at different time and scales, and performing weighted average technique, this method can derive the scales and locations of the flux ropes. We discuss the limitation of our method and also compare it with other methods.

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