scholarly journals Formalisation of agricultural research

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1137-1153
Author(s):  
Olena Holikova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Specific Education

As an independent component of modern research in natural sciences, branch research developed as a result of the accumulation of knowledge from three spheres of public activity – agriculture, branch-specific education, and agricultural research – under the influence of a complex interaction of many external factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the initial stage of formalization of agricultural research as a branch of natural sciences with the development of corresponding sign-symbolic systems and terminology. Based on the study of printed and archival research of the Imperial Free Economic Society (IFES), adjustments were made to the scientific periodization of the history of research as a branch of knowledge, considering the personalized contribution of its luminaries. Forgotten or little-known studies of pioneers of Ukrainian research – the IFES members: Swiss mathematician L. Euler; Russian scientist of Swedish origin, botanist and chemist E.G. Laxman; a native of Chernihiv Region, Professor of agriculture V. P. Prokopovich, and others were introduced into scientific discourse. The present paper analyses the areas of diverse research activities in agriculture, which were conducted by IFES figures at the early stages of the first scientific and economic association in the Russian Empire.

NEW SCIENTIFIC WORKS ON THE MODERN BELARUSIAN AND POLISH HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE HISTORY OF THE LATE IMPERIAL RUSSIA AND THE SOVIET STATE

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Oksana Babenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prisoners Of War ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military

The review presents new publications on the Belarusian and the Polish historiographies of the history of the late Imperial Russia and the Soviet State. Such problems as the number and conditions of detention of foreign prisoners of war in the Belarusian territories of the Russian Empire during the First World War, the influence of the military conflicts of 1914-1921 on the identity of the inhabitants of the Belarusian lands, the initial stage of the formation of academic science in the BSSR, the question of the «invasion» of Poland by the Red Army in September 1939 are highlighted.

scholarly journals History of Research Activities at Baylor University Medical Center

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-303
Author(s):  
Michael A. E. Ramsay ◽  
H. Lawrence Wilsey ◽  
Brenda Russell ◽  
George J. Race
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Baylor University ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of

ERNST VALENTINOVICH TRUSKINOV (1941–2021)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU.V. UKHATOVA ◽  
◽  
I.V. KOTELKINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Local History ◽  
Community Studies ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

The book is dedicated to the late Russian scientist Ernst Valentinovich Truskinov, Doctor of Biological Sciences (1941–2021), who would have celebrated his 80th birthday in 2021. Information about his life, research activities, and local history and community studies is presented here. Ernst Truskinov was an expert in the fields of potato breeding and seed production, biotechnology, and plant virology. In his late years, he was actively engaged in the problems of the history of science. This publication is addressed to a wide range of readers, such as biologists, lecturers and students of universities and colleges specializing in biology, agricultural sciences or liberal arts, as well as to everyone who is interested in the history of science.

Stages of the Crimea’s tourist services development

10.12737/7901 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Олег Афанасьев ◽  
Oleg Afanasev
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The Crimean peninsula is a tourist gem of the Northern Black Sea, has long earned the nickname "Russian Riviera". The birth and development of tourism and certain types and forms of tourism services in the Russian Empire was connected exactly with the Crimea. The problems of the history of the recreation development of Crimea, development of tourist services and leisure activities are widely revealed in some of its issues and aspects. But these issues continues to remain relevant, since provide answers to many topical questions and predict future trends development of the main sector of the regional economy. The purpose of the publication is generalization of the experience of the tourism and recreation development on the Crimean peninsula, the selection of stages of its formation, identification of key characteristics and features of these stages. Crimea has an inexhaustible reserve ofresources for the development ofinbound international and domestic tourism. Southern coast of Crimea ("Crimean Riviera") is a classic example of recreational agglomeration, which in combination with the Sochi recreational areas could potentially form a polycentric recreational megaaglomeration "Russian Riviera". In the process of formation and development of the sphere of tourist services in Crimea are selected, justified and characterized seven periods: 1) prehistory of the Crimean tourism — until the middle of the XVIII century; 2) the period of pioneer elite development of the Crimean Riviera —1782-1830; 3) the period of focal recreational development in Crimea — 1830-1914; 4) period of the initial stage development of the Soviet recreation of Crimea — 1917-1940; 5) the period of intensive recreational development stage of the Soviet Crimea — 1945-1990; 6) Ukrainian period of recreational sphere development of the Crimea — 1991-2014; 7) the period of specialization in the development of domestic tourism as a part of Russia. Further state of tourism sector depends on the rate of development of the Russian economy and welfare of the population of Russia, transport accessibility of the peninsula.

scholarly journals Origins of agricultural research affairs in the system of higher Ukraine branch training (end of XVIII – first half of XIX century)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
Agricultural Schools ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Research aim The formation beginnings of the scientific and organizational agricultural experimental work foundations in the system of higher branch training at the end of the 18th – first half of the 19th centuries are investigated. Scientific novelty. It is proved that domestic sectoral research as an independent branch of scientific natural science originated in the system of higher agricultural education in the Russian Empire as a result of the complex action of various cultural and agricultural traditions, which were clearly manifested in the activities of the first special higher agricultural schools. In the center of the empire, the Russian tradition itself dominated, which was influenced by British agricultural culture, which was reflected in the activities of the state-owned Pavlovsk practical school of agriculture not far from the Russian capital. In the west of the empire, the German cultural and agrarian tradition had a significant influence on the formation of the first agricultural free economic zones – the Agronomic Institute in Marymont (Kingdom of Poland) and the national Gori-Gorki Agricultural Institute (Mogilev Province) – was influenced by the German cultural and agrarian tradition. Conclusions. The multi-vector nature of the higher agricultural education system and sectoral research formation is shown and important aspects of their formation are clarified, taking into account the proven facts of European history at the beginning of the 19th century. Introduced into the scientific discourse is the question of the research beginning at the Agronomical Institute in Marymont (Kingdom of Poland), the legal successor of which is the Kharkiv V. V. Dokuchaev National Agrarian University. The significance of the constituent documents of the Agronomic Institute in the Kingdom of Poland from the point of view of regulating the work of the research field in the institution is considered. The history of the research field of the Gori-Goretsky Agricultural Institute has been studied with the help of statutory documents and the printed works of the educational institution.

scholarly journals «The Outline of Universal Grammar» by L. H. Jakob: German philosophical grammar in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Lukin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The University ◽  
Philosophical Grammar

The article looks at one of the most famous philosophical grammars written in Russia by Professor L. H. Jakob, a German philosopher, economist and lawyer. The author of the article gives a detailed analysis of the scientist's life against the background of historical events in Germany and Russia at the beginning of the of the XIX century. The author also highlights the details of his scientific career, the history of creation, use and disappearance of his main and only linguistic philosophical work «The Outline of Universal Grammar», all the facts being studied from the perspective of narrative linguistic historiography. Born into a family of farmers, he becomes rector of the University in Halle. However, the Napoleon invasion of the country forces him to flee to Kharkov and start teaching and research activities at the University there. Two years later he moves to St-Petersburg and works in the Ministry of Finance. After less than ten years in Russia, he returns to his alma mater. This article refers to the facts of instability in political and educational life of Russian society during the reign of Alexander I, and highlights their negative impact on both L. H. Jakob’s personal life and his philosophical grammar. The author of the article quotes extensively both from 19thand 20th-century biographical publications and from well-known works on the history of linguistics. The author also refers to works from certain branches of linguistics, which acknowledge the scientist’s contribution to linguistics in general and Russian linguistics in particular. The reasons for both the publication and the defeat of L. H. Jakob's grammar reflected the changing national political environment and the unstable situation in public education in the Russian Empire. Nevertheless, whatever the circumstances, they in no way diminish the significance of this work among other philosophical grammars.

The sea as a dynamic and hybrid landscape

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Van de Noort
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Dynamic Landscape ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The 19Th Century

Since the last glacial maximum, some 22,000 years ago, the North Sea basin has undergone many transformational changes. Largely covered by ice at the beginning of the period, it became successively an arctic-like tundra, a ‘park-like’ landscape of extended grassland with shrubs and trees, a tundra again, and a plain with light woodland cover that was submerged eventually by the expanding North Sea (Coles 1998: 69–75). As the North Sea rose, over the last 5,000 years, to within a few metres of its current level, the interior of the sea did not alter significantly apart from changes in tidal patterns and depth. But on the periphery of the North Sea basin, the slighter sea-level changes added to the effects of marine and alluvial sedimentation and erosion and produced, regionally, periods of marine transgression—when the influence of the sea moved landwards—and marine regression, resulting in the opposite effect. The North Sea, throughout its history, has been the dynamic landscape par excellence. The history of research into the North Sea basin goes back to the 19th century, and will be discussed further below, but it was Bryony Coles’ article ‘Doggerland: a speculative survey’ (1998), which first raised the profile of the Late-glacial and early Holocene archaeology of the North Sea and inspired many of the current research activities, especially those relating to the southern North Sea basin. The renewed interest in the Mesolithic and Neolithic archaeology of the North Sea has made some significant advances, and holds the promise of even greater returns once the high-resolution reconstructions of the North Sea Plain are integrated with the archaeological finds. A series of publications has recently presented new archaeological sites. New finds from trawler fishing along the various banks in the North Sea, and from the margins (e.g. Flemming 2004; Waddington and Pedersen 2007), as well as the use of SCUBA technology (e.g. in Fisher 1995), will be discussed below. This chapter offers brief overviews of the history of North Sea research, the creation of the North Sea, and the archaeological evidence of human activity in the period from about 10,000 to 2000 cal bc.

Roman Britain since Haverfield

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Millett
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
First Century ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
The Subject

This chapter reviews the history of research on Roman Britain from the early twentieth century down to the first decade of the twenty-first century. It discusses changes in the scope and character of research activities with a particular emphasis on the historical context and the personal and professional connections between those involved in the subject. This involves looking at the links between teachers and their students as well as the networks created by joint participation in fieldwork. This analysis includes a summary of the networks connecting the contributors to this Handbook. The principal figures active in the study of Roman Britain are discussed and key publications on the subject evaluated in the context of changing patterns of research.

scholarly journals Life path and the formation of scientific and political horizons of the scientisr-mechanic, minister of finance of the Russian empire I. A. Vyshegradsky

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
В.С. Аносова
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Gold Reserve ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Short Time

The article briefly describes the life path, as well as the history of the formation of the horizons of the famous Russian scientist-mechanic, professor, Minister of Finance of the Russian Empire Ivan Alekseevich Vyshnegradsky. By 1862, Ivan Alekseevich had already visited several European countries and received the title of professor. From the same year, Vyshnegradsky’s activity began at the St. Petersburg Practical Technological Institute, in which he lectured on mechanical theory of heat and the theory of steam engines, was appointed a member of the study committee.On his initiative, the Department of Metal and Wood Technology was restored. In 1871, a mechanical laboratory was founded at the institute for scientific research on the resistance of building materials and for hydraulics experiments.In 1875, Vyshnegradsky was appointed director of the institute, continuing his teaching activities. Among the machines he designed: an automatic press for the manufacture of prismatic powder, lifting machines, a press for testing materials, a mechanical material handler (for a river port), etc. Features of economic policy of I. A. Vyshnegradsky consisted in the desire to increase the gold reserve of the empire and increase Russia's influence on the international economy and politics.For him, the most important and only task was the visible improvement of Russian finance in a short time. Favorable conditions were artificially created for heavy industry, which became a priority among the interests of the Ministry of Finance, often to the detriment of the interests of all agriculture.Under Vyshnegradsky, the export of Russian bread more than doubled. Stimulated the export of not only surplus bread, but also part of the necessary stocks of peasants. As a minister, he led the redemption of unprofitable railways, undertook control and financial (1889-1890) and tariff (1889) reforms in the railway sector.Conducted the conversion of state (external and internal) loans, which helped to reduce payments on public debt, lower interest, streamline public debt.

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