scholarly journals Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) Time and Material to Solvent Ratio of Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) Water-Soluble Polysaccharides (WSP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-98
Author(s):  
Widya Dwi Rukmi Putri ◽  
◽  
Eko Isro Riyanto ◽  
Almaria Heliana ◽  
Ambo Wellang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
Central Composite

Abstract Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta) is a tuber-producing plant containing 14.63% inulin, a Water-Soluble Polysaccharide (WSP). This study aims to determine the optimum point of material to solvent ratio and Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) time needed to extract gembili WSP, and determine the WSP's characteristics produced. The optimization process uses the Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD) with Design Expert 7.0 software. The material to solvent ratio's minimum and maximum points are 1:25 g/L and 1:45 g/L, while the minimum and maximum points of extraction time are 20 minutes and 40 minutes. This study observed 13 experimental combinations and responses from gembili WSP yield, WSP powder inulin levels, and WSP solubility. The results showed that the optimum conditions of material to solvent were at a 1:33.81 g/mL ratio, and the extraction time was 29.26 minutes. This optimum condition resulted in 32.42% WSP yield, 40.8% inulin content in WSP powder, 26.98% WSP solubility, 12.24% WSP water content, and 49.3 cp WSP viscosity. These results indicate that extraction using a microwave can increase WSP's rich inulin yield from gembili tubers. Keywords: gembili, inulin, microwave, optimization, Water-Soluble Polysaccharides

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS IN LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA L.) BY MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION COUPLED WITH HEADSPACE SINGLE DROP MICROEXTRACTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Naruephon Watthanaphap ◽  
Surapol Natakankitkul ◽  
Nuchnart Jonglaekha
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Single Drop ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Single Drop Microextraction ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation

Objective: The objective of this research was to improve the method of extracting pesticide residue from vegetable by using microwave-assisted extraction, headspace single drop microextraction (MAE-HS-SDME) and analysed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS).Methods: Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) coupled with headspace single drop microextraction (HS-SDME) was used for extraction of chlorpyrifos insecticide residues in lettuce. The optimum conditions for obtaining efficient extraction have been tried; kind and quantity of solvent, extraction time, microwave irradiation power, pH value and the amount of salt added in the sample followed the method of Plackett–Burman. Optimum conditions for efficient analysis were evaluated by using a central composite design (CCD) combined with a response surface methodology (RSM).Results: The optimum extract conditions from CCD for the MAE-HS-SDME method were: using 1.5 µl of n-butyl acetate, 460 W of the microwave power, 4.5 min of the extraction time, no pH adjustment and no salt addition. Verification of the optimized experimental conditions showed that validation of the determination coefficient ranges from the concentrations of 0.01 to 0.10 mg/l, equal to 0.999; the percentages of variation coefficient were ranges from 4.6 to 7.7%; the recoveries ranges from 70.0 to 79.5%; limit of detection was 0.003 mg/kg and limit of quantitation was 0.01 mg/kg.Conclusion: In this study, the MAE-HS-SDME method coupled with GC-MS was found most suitable for chlorpyrifos analysis. The results obtained from analyzing chlorpyrifos in lettuce samples indicated that this method is rapid, simple, sensitive, reducible cost and safety for the analyst and the environment.

scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI TANIN DARI KULIT KAYU AKASIA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE: PENGARUH DAYA MICROWAVE, WAKTU EKSTRAKSI DAN JENIS PELARUT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Iriany ◽  
Florentina Pandiangan ◽  
Christina Eka P
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Tannin is one of complex polyphenol compound which soluble in polar solvent. Tannin could be extracted from acacia bark. This study aims to examine microwave-assisted extraction of tannins under influence of microwave power, extraction time, and solvent and its application to adsorb Cd and Cu. Tannin was extracted from acacia bark with feed-to-solvent ratio (1:20 g/ml). Power of microwave was adjusted 100 W, 180 W, 300 W, 450 W, and 600 W for 1 minute, 3 minutes and 5 minutes respectively using aquadest and ethanol as the solvent. The extracts were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Furthermore, the extract with the highest yield of tannins are used as the adsorbent. The concentration of Cd and cu were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The result showed the highest yield of tannin 26.606 mg/g at 100 W and 3 minutes extraction time using ethanol as the solvent. The result showed that the adsorption capacity of adsorbent from tannin was 3.81 mg/g and 2.26 mg/g for Cd and Cu respectively.

scholarly journals Microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Moringa oleifera seed as anti-biofouling agents in membrane processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 03003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni'matul Izza ◽  
Shinta Rosalia Dewi ◽  
Ashried Setyanda ◽  
Agung Sukoyo ◽  
Panggulu Utoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

Moringa seed has known as a coagulant in the water purification process. It is because of the large amount of anti-microbial compounds contained in it. Phenol is one of the most common anti-microbial compounds found in natural materials. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic content (TPC) of Moringa seed which was extracted by Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE). Moringa seeds were characterized by FTIR and showed that it contained phenol compounds confirmed by specific peak in some areas. Moringa seeds were characterized by FTIR before extracted. Therefore, MAE was performed by variation of solvent ratios (1: 4, 1: 6, 1: 8) and extraction time (2, 3, 4 min). The highest TPC of 41.78 mg GAE / g dw was reached at 1: 8 solvent ratio and 3-min extraction time.

Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Andrographolide, 14-Deoxy-11,12- didehydroandrographolide and Neoandrographolide from Andrographis paniculata: An Optimisation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1318-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vi V. Chia ◽  
Sook F. Pang ◽  
Sureena Abdullah ◽  
Mashitah M. Yusoff ◽  
Jolius Gimbun
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Central Composite

Background: Andrographis paniculata is often used as functional foods owing to its broad range of pharmaceutical activities due to the presence of main terpene compounds such as andrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide and neoandrographolide. The aforementioned compounds must be extracted from the plant material before it can be routinely used as a functional food ingredient. Objective: This work presents an optimisation study of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of terpene from Andrographis paniculata. In this study, two factors at three-level central composite face centred design was employed to optimise the process variables, including the effect of microwave power (75-175 W) and ethanol concentration (20-85%) on extraction of terpene from Andrographis paniculata. Methods: The experimental design was set based on initial screening on the effect of mesh size and solid solvent ratio. The present work was performed at fixed mesh size and solid solvent ratio, which corresponds to the highest yield established experimentally. Two most significant factors, i.e. microwave power and ethanol concentration was chosen and further studied for optimisation using a response surface methodology. The three-level, two-factor central composite design (CCD) has been employed to determine the effect of microwave power (15, 25 and 35 W/mL) and ethanol concentration (20, 52.5 and 85%) on the yield of terpene extraction. Identification and quantification of the terpene were performed via Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography- Photodiode Array (UPLCPDA). Results: The regression analysis showed good fit of the experimental data to the quadratic equation with coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.997. The optimum condition was found at microwave power of 140 W with 85% ethanol concentration, produced the highest yield of andrographolide (10.926 ± 0.053 mg/g DW), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (4.336 ± 0.215 mg/g DW) and neoandrographolide (5.698 ± 0.252 mg/g DW). The model developed through response surface modelling has a desirability of 97.5% and the error between the experiment and the model predictions ranged from 2.4 to 5.2%. Conclusion: A successful optimisation of terpene extraction from A. paniculata via MAE was achieved at microwave power of 140 W and 85% ethanol. The model developed from the regression analysis is sufficiently accurate and can be used to predict the yield of terpene extraction from A. paniculata.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi Senyawa Fenolik Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) menggunakan Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Angky Wahyu Putranto ◽  
Shinta Rosalia Dewi ◽  
Ni'matul Izza ◽  
Dian Rahmat Yuneri ◽  
Maria Yeniaska S. Dachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Cosmos Caudatus ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Abstrak. Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) adalah tanaman yang sering dimanfaatkan daunnya untuk bahan pangan maupun juga sebagai obat-obatan karena memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik yang cukup tinggi. Ekstraksi senyawa fenol menggunakan metode konvensional masih memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama dan jumlah pelarut yang banyak. Sehingga perlu dicari alternatif metode ekstraksi yang memiliki waktu ekstraksi dan kebutuhan pelarut yang relatif rendah seperti menggunakan Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan ekstraksi senyawa fenolik dari daun kenikir dengan metode MAE terhadap total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu rasio pelarut terhadap kenikir segar yaitu 1:4, 1:6, dan 1:8 (b/v) dan waktu ekstraksi 2, 3 dan 4 menit. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa nilai total fenol tertinggi (17,162 ± 0,11 mg GAE/g berat segar) diperoleh pada perlakuan rasio pelarut 1:8 (b/v), sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi (4,203 ± 0,26 mg/ml) pada perlakuan rasio pelarut 1:4 (b/v). Waktu perlakuan 3 menit menunjukkan hasil yang optimal untuk nilai total fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan. Hasil tersebut juga menunjukkan nilai yang lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional baik dengan maserasi biasa dan maserasi dengan waterbath. Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Cosmos caudatus using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Abstract. Cosmos caudatus, a plant commonly used its leaves for food and also as a medicine since it contains high phenolic compounds. The extraction of phenolic compounds using conventional methods still require more extraction time and need much more of solvent. Therefore, it was necessary to find an alternative extraction method that has a rapid extraction time and a few solvent need such as using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE). The aim of this study is to extract of phenolic compounds from Cosmos caudatus with MAE method of total phenol and antioxidant activity. This study using 2 treatment factors, the sampel-solvent ratio of 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8 (w/v) and the extraction time of 2, 3 and 4 minutes. This study explained that the highest total phenolic compounds (17.162 ± 0.11 mg GAE/g fw) and antioxidant activity (4.203 ± 0.26 mg/ml) were obtained at 1:8 and 1:4 (w/v) of sampel-solvent ratio, respectively. The extraction time of 3 minutes was the optimal condition for total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. These results also showed the highest parameter value when compared with both conventional methods: maceration and maceration with waterbath. 

scholarly journals Optimization of 6-Gingerol Extraction Assisted by Microwave From Fresh Ginger Using Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 6173-6185
Author(s):  
Vedashree M ◽  
Madeneni Madhava Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ginger Powder ◽  
Surface Curve

The present study investigates optimum conditions for Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of 6-gingerol. Ginger was dried using a cross flow dryer at 55 ± 2 0C for eight hours. Ginger powder was extracted at three different watts (400 W, 500 W, and 600 W), temperatures (50 0C, 60 0C, 70 0C) and time (10, 20, 30 min) for optimum yield.  6-gingerol content was found to be 21.15 ± 0.13 and 18.81 ± 0.15 mg/g in fresh ginger and dried ginger, respectively.  Optimized condition obtained by RSM for 6-gingerol was 400 W, 70 0C at 10 min extraction time.  The results of MAE are expressed by 2-D contour plot and response surface curve by keeping one variable constant which showed highest yield at 600 W, 70 0C for 30 min extraction time.  Microwave assisted extracts exhibited higher antioxidant activity in comparison with conventional extracts.

Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) Process of Tannin from Mangrove Propagules Waste as Natural Dye for Coloring Batik tulis

2019 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prima A. Handayani ◽  
Achmad Chafidz ◽  
Nur Salsabilah Ramadani ◽  
Dewi Kartika
Keyword(s):  
Natural Dye ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ft Ir

Mangrove propagule waste is one of the biomass wastes that decays fast, hence it can pollute the environment. Mangrove propagule contains 30.43% tannin, and thus it has high potential to be used as a natural dye for coloringBatik Tulis. Unfortunately, this raw material has not been utilized optimally. The objective of this study is to extract tannin substances from mangrove propagules by using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. The effects of solvent types (i.e. ethanol and distilled water), material-solvent ratio, extraction time and temperature on the yield of tannin obtained have also been investigated. The extraction results were analyzed by FT-IR to determine the presence of tannin contained in the dyes. The extraction results showed that the optimum yield of etanol solvent was 27.5%, which occured at material-solvent ratio of 0.04 g/ml, extraction time of 30 minutes, and temperature of 60°C. Whereas, the distilled water produced 22.7% yield of tannin, which also occured at material and solvent ratio 0.04 g/ml, extraction time of 30 minutes, and temperature of 80°C. Additionally, FT-IR analysis of tannin extract from mangrove propagules with etanol and distilled water showed the presence of hydroxyl groups (O-H), groups (C-H), C = C groups, and C-O groups.

scholarly journals Optimization Of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Of Flavonoids From Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) Leaves Using Respon Surface Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Zaldy Rusli ◽  
Bina Lohita Sari ◽  
Novi Fajar Utami ◽  
S Sabila
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) leaves are one of the plants that empirically can be used for wound healing and contain flavonoids which have antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Determination of the optimum conditions of the Binahong leaf extraction process needs to be done to ensure the extraction quality of the Binahong leaves associated with the given activity. Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) is an extraction that utilizes microwave radiation to heat the solvent quickly and efficiently. This study aims to determine the most effective binahong leaf extraction conditions that produce optimal levels of flavonoids and antioxidant activity. The extraction process was carried out using the Microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method. Determination of optimum conditions is done based on Response Surface Method (RSM) with variable ethanol concentration (70%, 80% and 90%), extraction time (4, 12 and 20 minutes) and power (450, 600, and 800 watts) using Box- Behnken Design (BBD) with Design Expert 7.0 software. The extract quality parameters measured were total flavonoid levels and antioxidant activity. The results showed the optimum conditions with the BBD method were obtained at an ethanol concentration of 81.49%, extraction time of 13.84 minutes, and power of 626.19 watts with flavonoid levels of 3.8561% and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 95.51834 ppm with active categories.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ultrasound, Microwave, Ultrasound–Microwave, Hydrothermal and High Pressure Assisted Extraction Technologies for the Recovery of Phytochemicals and Antioxidants from Brown Macroalgae

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Marco Garcia-Vaquero ◽  
Rajeev Ravindran ◽  
Orla Walsh ◽  
John O’Doherty ◽  
Amit K. Jaiswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction

This study aims to explore novel extraction technologies (ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound–microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE), hydrothermal-assisted extraction (HAE) and high-pressure-assisted extraction (HPAE)) and extraction time post-treatment (0 and 24 h) for the recovery of phytochemicals and associated antioxidant properties from Fucus vesiculosus and Pelvetia canaliculata. When using fixed extraction conditions (solvent: 50% ethanol; extraction time: 10 min; algae/solvent ratio: 1/10) for all the novel technologies, UAE generated extracts with the highest phytochemical contents from both macroalgae. The highest yields of compounds extracted from F. vesiculosus using UAE were: total phenolic content (445.0 ± 4.6 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), total phlorotannin content (362.9 ± 3.7 mg phloroglucinol equivalents/g), total flavonoid content (286.3 ± 7.8 mg quercetin equivalents/g) and total tannin content (189.1 ± 4.4 mg catechin equivalents/g). In the case of the antioxidant activities, the highest DPPH activities were achieved by UAE and UMAE from both macroalgae, while no clear pattern was recorded in the case of FRAP activities. The highest DPPH scavenging activities (112.5 ± 0.7 mg trolox equivalents/g) and FRAP activities (284.8 ± 2.2 mg trolox equivalents/g) were achieved from F. vesiculosus. Following the extraction treatment, an additional storage post-extraction (24 h) did not improve the yields of phytochemicals or antioxidant properties of the extracts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document