scholarly journals The Destruction of Statehood and the Color Revolutions under Russian International Law Doctrine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-243
Author(s):  
Tero Lundstedt
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
Color Revolutions ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Has Russian international law doctrine changed in relation to the post-Soviet states since the annexation of Crimea? This paper analyses two interdependent concepts of the contemporary Russian international law doctrine - the ‘color revolutions’ and the ‘destruction of statehood’ - in the context of geopolitical competition over the post-Soviet space. In brief, the term color revolution is used by Russia to describe events that it categorizes as illegal regime-changes used to remove pro-Russian politicians from power under the guise of democracy. In the same context, Russia has developed another key concept, i.e. the ‘destruction of statehood’. First referred to in 2008, it has since 2014 become a more encompassing and innovative legal doctrine to counter color revolutions in Russia’s neighboring states. Under this doctrine, Russia reserves a right to ‘un-recognize’ a target state if it categorizes the situation as an illegal regime change that has destroyed the target’s statehood. Controversially, this results in Russia no longer being bound by its treaty obligations with this state. Especially since 2014, Russia has developed political and legal tools in multilateral documents to counter future color revolutions. While it has been unable to convince the international community to accept its new interpretations, it has been more successful within its closest allies in the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and, to a lesser extent, in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This may have significant political consequences in the future. 

scholarly journals Realization of Collective Security in the Common Soviet Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
M.S. Filonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Regional Systems ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Soviet Space

the purpose of this work is to carry out an analysis of the impact of CSTO on ensuring collective security and stability in the post-Soviet space. The study revealed that the relevance of the chosen topic is due to the importance of regional systems of collective security as one of the key actors of international law, acting as instruments for maintaining stability in the world, as the problem of maintaining its protection remains fundamentally important regardless of time. In 27 years of existence, the Collective Security Treaty Organization has become a truly strong military-defensive union, evolving from the Collective Security Treaty into a full-scale organization of cooperation in the political and military spheres.

scholarly journals One for all, each on its own: Analysing the post-Soviet system of collective security

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-110
Author(s):  
David Erkomaishvili
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Security Relations ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 allowed independent states, which emerged in its place, to construct their own alignments. The choice of the case for empirical analysis had been made based on several unique characteristics. Orthodox Alliance Theory had almost never properly addressed alignments in the post-Soviet space due to the lack of access to information during the Soviet period - along with the structure of the state: only Soviet alignment policies were taken into consideration, instead of those of its constituent republics as well - and modest interest of alliance theorists in the region. Continued disintegration of the post-Soviet space, which has not stopped with the collapse of the Soviet Union but keeps fragmenting further, creates a unique setting for researching the adequacy of Alliance Theory's classic assumptions as well as developing new approaches. This work traces the development of the post-Soviet system of collective security and its subsequent transformation into a series of bilateral security relations, along with the shortfall of multilateralism.

scholarly journals From the Belovezhskiye Agreements to the Eurasian Economic Union: 30 Years of Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
M. I. Krotov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
European Projects ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article examines the reasons for the collapse of the USSR and the signing of the Belovezhskiye Agreements. The thirty-year experience of Eurasian integration in the post-Soviet space is summarized. There is an analysis of role of the Commonwealth of Independent States in the processes of regional economic integration carried out in the last decade of 20th century, in the context of the separation of the post-Soviet republics. It is shown that the members which are states of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Collective Security Treaty Organization fully fulfill the obligations assumed within the framework of the Belovezhskaya Agreements upon secession from the USSR. The article reveals the objective conditionality of the participation of the CIS countries in anti-Russian, pseudo-European projects by a policy of different directions. New economic priorities of Eurasian integration, institutional problems and prospects of the Eurasian Economic Union are investigated.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENTOF MILITARY-POLITICAL COOPERATION OF THE COUNTRIESOF THE POST-SOVIET SPACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
U.S. ALIYEV
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
World Order ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
Political Cooperation ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In the context of the formation of a new world order, there is a need to make changes to the development strategy of the Eurasian Economic Union and, even more broadly, integration processes in the post-Soviet space. These changes should take into account the changes taking place in the world, the emergence of new properties of world politics, which are often generically called turbulence. The components of turbulence are conflictness and uncertainty, but this is not the whole list, there are other components. On the example of the Transnistrian conflict settlement, it is shown that success in this process is possible if we are not confined to the conflict itself, but we act on the basis of Russias and the European Unions mutual desire to reduce conflictness in the world and in the European region. Uncertainties can be contrasted with the emergence of military-political factor as the leading one of Eurasian integration in the form of rapprochement and the gradual merger of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Collective Security Treaty Organization.

Russland und das Selbstbestimmungsrecht der Völker im postsowjetischen Raum

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-26
Author(s):  
Johannes Socher
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Legal Rhetoric ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Regional Comparison ◽  
State Practice ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fragmentation Of International Law ◽  
Post Soviet Space

As a concept of international law, the right to self-determination is widely renowned for its unclarity. Broadly speaking, one can differentiate between a liberal and a nationalist tradition. In modern international law, the balance between these two opposing traditions is sought in an attempt to contain or ‘domesticate’ the nationalist conception by limiting it to ‘abnormal’ situations, i.e. to colonialism in the sense of ‘alien subjugation, domination and exploitation’. Essentially, this distinction between ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’ situations has since been the heart of the matter in the legal discourse on the right to self-determination, with the important qualification regarding the need to preserve existing borders. This study situates Russia’s approach to the right to self- determination in that discourse by way of a regional comparison vis-à-vis a ‘western’ or European perspective, and a temporal comparison with the former Soviet doctrine of international law. Against the background of the Soviet Union’s role in the evolution of the right to self-determination, the bulk of the study analyses Russia’s relevant state practice in the post-Soviet space through the prisms of sovereignty, secession, and annexation. Complemented by a review of the Russian scholarship on the topic, it is suggested that Russia’s approach to the right to self-determination may be best understood not only in terms of power politics disguised as legal rhetoric, but can be seen as evidence of traits of a regional (re-)fragmentation of international law.

Eurasian Integration and Problems of Civil Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-134
Author(s):  
Elena Stetsko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Post Soviet Space ◽  
Discussion Topic

The сhapter studies the relationship between the development of integration processes and the development of civil society in the post-Soviet space and, in particular, in the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union. It consists of five parts. The introduction presents the main trends and vectors of integration processes in the post-Soviet space. The first part considers the concept of “civil society” and its features in Western and Russian political thought. The second part highlights the features of building a civil society in the independent states of the EAEU. General points and differences in the emerging civil societies of the EAEU countries are revealed. Further, in the fourth part, the “Eurasian idea” is considered in terms of its compatibility with the peculiarities of the development of civil society in the post-Soviet space. The final part proposes a discussion topic on the possibility of political integration within the EAEU.

scholarly journals The Commonwealth of Independent States: Thirty Years Together

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
D. Malyshev
Keyword(s):  
International Organization ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article analyzes the main key events in the development of the thirty-year history of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) as the main structure operating in the post-Soviet space. The main stages of the formation of the CIS as a full-fledged international organization are shown; the characteristics of its structure and statutory bodies are given. Special attention is paid to the essential aspects of the development of the CIS in 2020–2021, as well as the current state of this organization, the direction of its activities in the context of overcoming the negative consequences of the coronavirus pandemic. The possible alternatives for the development of the Commonwealth in the near future have been predicted.

scholarly journals OSCE MINSK GROUP AND THE WAYS TO RESOLVE THE UPPER -KARABAKH PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7(76)) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Gunel Aliyeva-Mammadova
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Political ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
New Independent States ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In the 90th years XX century conditions of the new world order, after the collapse of the USSR, the formation of new independent states in the post-Soviet space, conflicts appeared (the Ossetia-Ingush conflict, the Chechen war, the Upper-Karabakh war, etc.), which negatively affected the political and economic situation of these countries. Among these conflicts, on its scale, the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict occupies a special place, is not only regional; it can turn into a world conflict at any moment and therefore is explosive.

Eurasian Economic Union as the Space of Security in the Context of English School of International Relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Natalia Eremina
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
English School ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Space Forms ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Integration Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

Regional integration creates a common economic, social, and political space, which is based on interstate dialogue. A common integration space forms the territory of security, since the security sphere is not only to solve specific tasks, but also to create permanent instruments for preventing various risks. The Post-Soviet space remains a complex territory, the states of which have gone through a period of political destabilization, faced various threats, and come to the idea that only collective security mechanisms in the framework of constant cooperation are capable of preventing risks. Therefore, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is not only an economic project, it is a project that forms a common security space for all participants, and not only for its member states. In this regard, this chapter is structured around two key problems: established conceptual approaches in the field of security in relation to integration processes and tools of the EAEU for the formation of a common and indivisible security space for all its participants.

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