Gender, Group Composition, Cooperation, and Self-Efficacy in Computer Studies

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Busch
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Computer Experience ◽  
Gender Group ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Computer Course ◽  
High Degree

This study aimed to investigate whether gender, group composition, or self-efficacy in computing has any impact on cooperation, giving or getting task-related help, and level of activity in student groups. The groups were established during a computer course among 150 college students in business administration. According to our results, students with low self-efficacy in computing, and students in groups with a majority of females, cooperated more than any other categories in their work with computers. Furthermore, students with high self-efficacy in computing, and students with a high degree of previous computer experience, offered more task-related help to other students than did the rest. In terms of gender, the level of activity was evaluated as highest in majority-female or majority-male groups. Moreover, female students had significantly lower self-efficacy in computing, less previous computer experience, and they had received less previous encouragement to work with computers. Finally, female students were receiving more task-related help, while at the same time giving less task-related help than male students.

scholarly journals What Lies Beneath: The Role of Self-Efficacy, Causal Attribution Habits, and Gender in Accounting for the Success of College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
Kerstin Hamann ◽  
Maura A. E. Pilotti ◽  
Bruce M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Causal Attribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
Success In Higher Education ◽  
And Gender

Existing research has identified gender as a driving variable of student success in higher education: women attend college at a higher rate and are also more successful than their male peers. We build on the extant literature by asking whether specific cognitive variables (i.e., self-efficacy and causal attribution habits) distinguish male and female students with differing academic performance levels. Using a case study, we collected data from students enrolled in a general education course (sample size N = 400) at a large public university in the United States. Our findings indicate that while students’ course grades and cumulative college grades did not vary by gender, female and male students reported different self-efficacy and causal attribution habits for good grades and poor grades. To illustrate, self-efficacy for female students is broad and stretches across all their courses; in contrast, for male students, it is more limited to specific courses. These gender differences in cognition, particularly in accounting for undesirable events, may assist faculty members and advisors in understanding how students respond to difficulties and challenges.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Perceived Peer Norms in Attitude and Self-Efficacy Premarital Sexual Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 555-558
Author(s):  
Katayon Vakilian ◽  
Afsaneh Keramat
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Sexual Abstinence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spearman Test

Background and Aims: Adolescence is a period of life in which high-risk behaviors, including sexual behaviors, put the adolescents at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS. This research aimed at studying the relationship between peers' perception of sexual behavior and adolescents' attitudes and self-efficacy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used a multi-stage method to examine 1500 subjects in the universities of Shahroud, Iran. The questionnaires were consisted of sexual abstinence attitude, abstinence self-efficacy and peer subjective norms. To ensure the confidentiality of information, the questionnaire was distributed among 1500 students in six universities anonymously, and students҆ field of study was not mentioned. The collected data was analyzed with descriptive (Mean, Percent) and inferential tests (independent t-test, chi2, and Spearman test) using SPSS 18 software. Results: The mean age of the females was 20.26±1.49, and that of males was 20.32±1.575. 59.3% of male students and 86.8% of female students had poor sexual abstinence to sex before marriage. Moreover, the sexual abstinence self-efficacy of 29% of male students and 13.1% of female students, regarding the sexual abstinence before marriage, was strong. Findings showed that the more one believes in his/her abilities in sexual abstinence, the more they believe that their friends will not be involved in sex Conclusion: It is required to provide the opportunities to learn and correct the socio-emotional skills required for physical and sexual health in relationships through social interactions with peers. In this context, the reproductive health programs need to be prioritized in the youth health programs and schools

scholarly journals Attitudes and Self-Efficacy: Perspectives on Science Subjects for Junior High School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dwi Wiwik Ernawati ◽  
Asrial Asrial ◽  
Dwi Agus Kurniawan ◽  
Wahyu Adi Pratama ◽  
Rahmat Perdana
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Data Collection Technique

This study aims to analyze the differences and also the relationship between attitudes and self-efficacy of students in science lessons. This research is important because in science lessons the teacher must know the attitudes and self-efficacy of students because they affect the learning process. This type of research is quantitative with comparative type. The number of respondents used as a sample is 74 students. The data collection technique used simple random sampling. The results of the study using the T test were that there were significant differences in the attitudes and self-efficacy of students in science lessons, both female students and male students. The results of the correlation test between students' attitudes and self-efficacy towards science subjects in grade 8A showed that the two variables (attitude and self-efficacy) were related. And the results of the correlation test in class 8B showed that the two variables (attitude and self-efficacy) were related. The urgency of this research is that teachers can find out the differences in attitudes and self-efficacy between male and female students. The novelty of this research compared to previous research is that it uses Attitude and self-efficacy variables, with different indicators from previous research.

Dogmatism, Dogmatism Factors, and Liberalism-Conservatism

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Steininger ◽  
Harvey Lesser
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Two Indices

Dogmatism scores, dogmatism factor scores, and two indices of liberalism-conservatism were interrelated for 78 male students, 89 female students, 108 of their fathers, and 138 of their mothers. The six major dogmatism factors found in the literature were belief in one truth, belief in a cause, alienation, virtuous self-denial, self-proselytization, and authoritarianism; the content of the items measuring the factor usually called “alienation” suggests that it may instead measure “derogation of others.” The two indices of liberalism-conservatism were scores on a questionnaire and preference in the 1972 presidential election; neither was related to dogmatism in any of the samples, but Nixon supporters had more conservative attitudes than McGovern supporters in all four samples. Both indices of liberalism-conservatism were related to belief in one truth among the students; among the parents only the questionnaire scores were, and less than among the students. This difference between the groups of parents and students suggests that attitudes toward social issues may be more normative among the parent groups, mote personal among the student groups. In all four samples, the six dogmatism factors tended to have low positive intercorrelations, and every factor correlated significantly with total dogmatism. Total scores on the 15 items measuring the six factors correlated approximately .90 with total dogmatism in all four samples; these items may therefore be a theoretically meaningful brief dogmatism scale.

Attitudes toward Blind People among Theological and Education Students

1977 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Young Woo Kang ◽  
Bashir A. Masoodi
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Theological Students ◽  
The University

Attitudes toward blindness among education and theological students are examined in this article, specifically the differences in attitudes toward blindness between education and seminary student groups; between conservative and liberal student groups; between first- and third-year seminary student groups; and between the sexes. Subjects were 213 graduate education students at the University of Pittsburgh and 175 graduate theological students enrolled in six selected seminaries. The Disability Factor Scales-Blindness (DFS-B) and selected items from the Polyphasic Value Inventory (PVI) were utilized. The results obtained are: Graduate education students do not differ from graduate theological students in their overall attitudes toward blindness, but education students do react more unfavorably to Rejection of Intimacy dimension; conservative students react more unfavorably to blindness than do liberal students; and students in the two conservative seminaries have more unfavorable attitudes than those in the liberal seminary; third-year seminarians indicated more definite presence of Rejection of Intimacy and Distressed Identification dimensions than first-year seminarians; and female students show more favorable reactions to blindness than do male students.

Gender Differences in Self-Efficacy and Attitudes toward Computers

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tor Busch
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Computer Anxiety ◽  
Computer Attitudes ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Computer Course ◽  
Computer Confidence ◽  
Computer Tasks

This study is aimed to investigate gender differences regarding computer attitudes and perceived self-efficacy in the use of computers among 147 college students. At the end of a computer course, the students completed a questionnaire designed to measure self-efficacy, computer anxiety, computer liking, and computer confidence. The results revealed gender differences in perceived self-efficacy regarding completion of complex tasks in both word processing and spreadsheet software. No gender differences were found in computer attitudes or self-efficacy regarding simple computer tasks. Male students had previously had more computer experience in programming and computer games and reported that they had previously had more encouragement from parents and friends.

scholarly journals THE RELATION OF GENDER AND TRACK ON HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD CONVERGENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-434
Author(s):  
Yustika Sya’bandari ◽  
Minsu Ha ◽  
Jun-Ki Lee ◽  
Sein Shin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
School Students ◽  
Primary Finding ◽  
Customized Learning

Preparing a positive attitude toward convergence is essential to help students grow into future generations with the ability to solve various complex problems. This research aims to examine high school students' attitude toward convergence and the relation to gender and track. Responses from 1,186 Indonesian students in tenth (10th) and eleventh (11th) grade were purposively collected. Students were administered twenty-three items of attitude toward convergence covering five constructs: knowledge, personal relevance, social relevance, interest, and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using IRT-Rasch analyses, two-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and cluster analyses. The primary finding of this research presented that high school students’ attitude toward convergence on the construct of interest and self-efficacy is significantly related to gender and track. Female students show to be more interested in convergence than male students. However, female students have lower self-efficacy. Additionally, science track students tend to be more interested in convergence than humanities track and showing higher self-efficacy. After performing cluster analysis, students are divided into three particular groups according to their attitude toward convergence. Finally, customized learning is proposed to improve students’ attitude toward convergence. Keywords: attitude toward convergence, female, humanities track, male, science track.

scholarly journals The Computer Course Correlation between Learning Satisfaction and Learning Effectiveness of Vocational College in Taiwan

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-Yan Chen ◽  
Jih-Fu Tu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Line ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Learning Effectiveness ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Learning Attitude ◽  
Computer Course ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
High Degree

In this paper, we surveyed the influence of learn effectiveness in a computer course under the factors of learning attitude and learning problems for students in senior-high school. We followed the formula for a regression line as R = A + BX +ε and simulated on SPSS platform with symmetry to obtained the results as follows: (1) In learning attitude, both the cognitive-level and behavior-level, are positively correlated with satisfaction. This means the students have cognitive-level and behavior-level more positively correlated with satisfaction in computer subjects and have a high degree of self-learning effectiveness. (2) In learning problems, the female students had higher learning effectiveness than male students, and the students who practiced on the computer on their own initiative long-term each week had higher learning effectiveness.

scholarly journals Promoting Innovation by Women through Engineering Entrepreneurship Courses: An Assessment of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Shekhar ◽  
Aileen-Huang Saad ◽  
Anastasia Ostrawoski ◽  
Anastasia Ostrawoski
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Learning Gains ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Survey Responses

Engineering entrepreneurship education programs are increasingly exposing students to entrepreneurship and innovation. Little is known about student learning gains in these programs, particularly from a gender perspective. This study examines gender differences in students’ Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy (ESE) among students enrolled in a senior-level College of Engineering’s entrepreneurship practicum course. The ESE Scale was administered at the beginning and end of the semester to measure students’ self-efficacy for five ESE constructs – searching, planning, marshalling, implementing-people and implementing-finance. The findings reveal improvement in students searching, planning, marshalling, and implementing-finance constructs after the course. Significant gender differences were found for planning, marshalling, and implementing-finance constructs in students’ pre survey responses with female students reporting lower ESE. However, no significant gender differences were noted in students’ post survey responses. This indicates that female students were able to reach similar levels of ESE as male students as an outcome of instruction. These results demonstrate the positive impact of an entrepreneurship course on female students’ ESE and the importance of entrepreneurship programs for promoting innovation regardless of gender.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN DISCOVERY LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFIKASI DIRI DAN HOTS PADA TEMA DAERAH TEMPAT TINGGALKU SISWA KELAS IV A MIN 1 KOTA BENGKULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Sumini SUmini SUmini ◽  
Endang Widi Winarni ◽  
Irwan Koto Koto
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Teaching Activity ◽  
Classroom Action Research

The objectives of this research to improve students’ selff efficacy and HOTS. This research was a classroom action research done in 3 cycles performed, each cycle was consist of four stages namely: planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The action research was done in class IVA, consist of 34 students, 16 female students, and 18 male students. The data were collected by an observation sheet, a questionnaire,  and a test of HOTS. Then, the data were analyzed by avarage, percentage, and classification. The results of research showed that the teaching activity, self efficacy, HOTS were improved, and discovery learning effectively improve students’ HOTS. Reccomendation of this research were: 1) the teachers should guide and correct the students’ work, then encourage, reinforcement, even giving reward to students; 2) the teachers should direct the students to develop the knowledge to the environment activity, and inrease references; 3) the teachers should guide the students to connect the answers to their daily experiment; and 4) for the further research, reccommended to conduct the spesific about ability of students’ to answer the question by creation using discovery learning.

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