Unhealthy alcohol use is an independent risk factor for increased COVID-19 disease severity: observational cross-sectional study (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) is known to disrupt pulmonary immune mechanisms and increase the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with pneumonia; however, little is known about the effects of UAU on outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. To our knowledge, this is the first observational cross-sectional study that aims to understand the effect of UAU on the severity of COVID-19 disease. OBJECTIVE We aim to determine if UAU is associated with more severe clinical presentation and worse health outcomes related to COVID-19 and if socioeconomic status, smoking, age, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and pattern of alcohol use modify the risk. METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study, we ran a digital machine learning classifier on the electronic health record of patients who tested positive via nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 or had two COVID-19 international classification of disease codes to identify patients with UAU. We then performed a multivariable regression to examine the relationship between UAU and COVID-19 severity as measured by hospital care level, i.e. emergency department admission, emergency department admission with ventilator, or death. We used a predefined cutoff of 0.15 (optimal sensitivity and specificity) on the digital classifier to compare disease severity in patients with versus without UAU. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, and insurance status. RESULTS Each incremental increase in the predicted probability from the digital alcohol classifier was associated with a greater odds risk for more severe COVID-19 disease(OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.20). Using the predefined cut-off of 0.15 to group patients into binary unhealthy alcohol group or not, we found that the unhealthy alcohol group had a greater odds risk to develop more severe disease (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.17 - 3.06), suggesting that alcohol positive classification was associated with a 89% increase in the odds of being in a higher severity category. CONCLUSIONS In patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, UAU is an independent risk factor associated with greater disease severity and/or death.

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The association between serum uric acid and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by gender: a cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.10691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e10691

Author(s):

Yimeng Hu ◽

Qinge Li ◽

Rui Min ◽

Yingfeng Deng ◽

Yancheng Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and several diabetic complications or co-morbidities remains a matter of debate. The study aims to explore the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 2,809 participants (1,784 males and 1,025 females) were included in this cross-sectional study. Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of each of the four diseases were analyzed based on gender-specific quartiles of SUA levels. The Pearson correlation analysis and linear-regression analysis were used to access the correlation between SUA levels and clinical characteristics. Furthermore, a binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine whether SUA was an independent risk factor for each of the four complications. Results SUA levels were positively correlated to BMI, BUN, Scr and TG, but negatively associated with eGFR, HDL, FBG, 2h-PG and HbA1c% for the patients with T2DM. The prevalence of NAFLD and DN, but not DR or DPN, were increased with SUA levels from the first to the fourth quartile. Binary logistic regression further disclosed that SUA was an independent risk factor for NAFLD (ORs Male = 1.002, ∗P = 0.0013; ORs Female = 1.002, ∗P = 0.015) and DN (ORs Male = 1.006, ∗P < 0.001; ORs Female = 1.005, ∗P < 0.001), but not for DR and DPN. After adjustment for the confounders, SUA levels were significantly associated with NAFLD within the 3rd (ORs = 1.829, P = 0.004) and 4th quartile (ORs = 2.064, P = 0.001) for women, but not independently associated with SUA for man. On the other hand, our results revealed increased prevalence of DN for SUA quartile 2 (ORs = 3.643, P = 0.039), quartile 3 (ORs = 3.967, P = 0.024) and quartile 4 (ORs = 9.133, P < 0.001) in men; however, SUA quartiles were significantly associated with DN only for quartile 4 (ORs = 4.083, P = 0.042) in women Conclusion For patients with T2DM, elevated SUA concentration is an independent risk factor for the prevalence of NAFLD and DN after adjustment for other indicators, but not DR or DPN.

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P0292CONSTIPATION IN CHINESE ELDERLY: A HIDDEN CAUSE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND THE RISK OF RAPID RENAL FUNCTION DECLINE

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0292 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Guihua Jian ◽

Dongsheng Cheng ◽

Zhi Wang ◽

Junhui Li ◽

Qi Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Function ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Renal Function Decline ◽

Ckd Stage

Abstract Background and Aims Both constipation and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common among seniors. However, the association between constipation and CKD remain unclear. This study investigates the correlation between the two to provide a new basis for clinical treatment. Method Data from Shanghai community elderly physical examination database (2010-2018) were used to conduct a cross-sectional study and a retrospective cohort to evaluate the relationship between constipation and the prevalence of CKD and rapid renal function decline in the elderly community. Results The cross-sectional study covered 16,177 participants, with an average age of 71.3. Comparing to no constipation group, seniors with constipation have a higher proportion of suffering from CKD stage 3. Constipation is an independent risk factor contributing to the high prevalence of CKD stage 3 (OR:1.238,95% CI,1.045-1.466). This finding was further tested through a retrospective cohort study that included 4,203 participants with a medium following time of 6.1 years. As a result, 9.5% (n=401) reported to have rapid progression of renal function. After adjustment of confounding factors, the logistic regression analysis indicates that, constipation is an independent predictive variable of rapid renal function decline among aged population. Conclusion Constipation is an independent risk factor for the prevalence of CKD and an independent predictor of rapid renal function decline among seniors in the community. Prevention and treatment for constipation should be taken at an early stage, which may reduce the incidence of CKD and delay the progression of CKD.

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Assessment of Hypogonadism in Men With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia

Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes ◽

10.1177/1179551417710209 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 117955141771020 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ayman Abdullah Al Hayek ◽

Asirvatham Alwin Robert ◽

Ghazi Alshammari ◽

Husain Hakami ◽

Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Incidence

Background/objectives: A high incidence of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been globally reported. This study aimed to determining the frequency of hypogonadism and related risk factors among men with T2D in a single-site hospital in Saudi Arabia. Design and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 157 men with T2D (between 30 and 70 years of age). Using a prestructured questionnaire, the demographic features of these patients were gathered and their medical records were referred to gather information regarding the duration of the diabetes, smoking habits, and the presence of retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Besides these, the biochemical parameters, total testosterone (TT), free testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, serum lipids, and glycosylated hemoglobin were also recorded. All the patients submitted the fully completed Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire. The combination of symptoms (positive ADAM score) plus a TT level ⩽8 nmol/L constituted the condition of hypogonadism. Results: The total frequency of hypogonadism was 22.9% (36/157). Of the 157 total patients, 123 (78.3%) were shown to be ADAM positive, and of these, 90 (73.2%) exhibited decreased libido, 116 (94.3%) had weak erections, and 99 (80.5%) reported more than 3 symptoms of ADAM. Of these hypogonadic patients, 22.2% (n = 8) revealed primary hypogonadism, whereas 77.8% (n = 28) showed secondary hypogonadism. From the univariate analysis conducted, significant relationship was observed between treatment type, body mass index (BMI), and hypogonadism. The regression analysis showed BMI acting an independent risk factor of hypogonadism. Conclusions: Saudi men with T2D revealed a high incidence of hypogonadism. Body mass index was identified as an independent risk factor for hypogonadism.

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Rotating Shift-Work as an Independent Risk Factor for Overweight Italian Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0063289 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. e63289 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Pamela Barbadoro ◽

Lory Santarelli ◽

Nicola Croce ◽

Massimo Bracci ◽

Daniela Vincitorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Shift Work ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rotating Shift Work

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Non-communicable disease risk factor profile among Fishermen community of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180255 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 708 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kalaivani Annadurai ◽

Nithiya Balan ◽

Karnaboopathy Ranaganathan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Disease

Background: Owing to growing epidemic of non communicable diseases (NCD), identification of risk factor profile is one of the high-priority actions required in reducing NCDs. Further, fishermen community possesses unique characteristics of a folk society despite the urban environment around it. Since major portion of the life of fishermen is spent at sea with bizarre sleep and eating pattern, their risk profile for non-communicable disease are different from general population. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among fishermen community in Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu; to identify the association of the NCD risk factors with socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of the study participants. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 210 adult male Fishermen community of Kovalam, Kalpakkam and Mahabalipuram, of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu during May to October, 2016 using a semi-structured questionnaire and all the participants were motivated to undergo laboratory investigations. Results: Prevalence of smoking tobacco form, smokeless tobacco use and alcohol use were 17.1%, 22.9% and 61.4% respectively. Mean blood pressure observed in our study was 120.14/77.86 mm Hg. Prevalence of hypertension was 39.05% and 13.3% were having abdominal obesity. Conclusions: NCD risk factors like hypertension, alcohol use was quite high in this fishermen community and it needs further evaluation.

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