Applications for self-monitoring of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy; part of the improvement of connected health in Europe (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Drusany Starič ◽  
Vladimir Trajkovik ◽  
Hrvoje Belani ◽  
Petra Bukovec
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Connected Health ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

BACKGROUND The rapid development of mobile application technology and personalized medicine also in Europe, stimulate the self-monitoring. Self-monitoring allows the patient to actively participate in the treatment process, with a positive impact on the result of the treatment. Mobile applications thus offer a new way to promote healthy behaviors, such as healthy diet, physical activity and measurement of blood glucose levels in the care for women with gestational diabetes. However, there are many factors, which make significant barriers preventing wide use of mobile applications in general medical praxis. OBJECTIVE The main aim of this study is to evaluate the most commonly used mobile apps used to manage gestational diabetes and compare them to each other. METHODS This paper presents a study, which investigates the mobile applications that can potentially support controlling of the blood sugar in pregnant women. After a broad overview of mobile applications on the Google Play Store and iTunes, we found 90 mobile applications that fit our keywords search terms and our inclusion criteria. Among these 90 applications, only 4 were designed for the management of gestational diabetes and not diabetes in general. All 4 were downloaded and analysed. Among the rest 86 applications that were designed to manage diabetes in general we downloaded, evaluated and compared to each other 5 applications with the highest download rate. RESULTS The characteristics of the most commonly used applications were described. Differentiations between useful mobile applications were investigated. CONCLUSIONS Applications can provide support for women to act on a certain issue by themselves without visiting an obstetrician. Although most of the applications were very useful, we suggested improvements. The greatest policy concerns of connected health are quality, privacy and safety of the gathered data.

Optimal management of gestational diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Aoife M Egan ◽  
Fidelma P Dunne
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
New Biomarkers

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is highly prevalent and has both short- and long-term implications for mother and infant. Sources of data Literature search using PubMed with keywords ‘Gestational diabetes’ and ‘diabetes in pregnancy’ together with published papers known to the authors. Areas of agreement The cornerstone of management is medical nutrition therapy with regular self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose levels and intensification of therapy if glycaemic goals are not achieved. Post-partum, annual assessment for type 2 diabetes is recommended. Areas of controversy Diagnostic criteria and new biomarkers for GDM and the clinical and economic benefits of treating women with milder levels of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Growing points Women with GDM are a heterogeneous group with varying degrees of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Areas timely for developing research Development of alternative diagnostic markers and application of novel technologies for GDM management.

Mobile Applications for Health Management of Older Adults: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Asilah Ahmad ◽  
Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah ◽  
Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Noorlaili Mohd Tohit
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Personalized Feedback ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
App Store ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Google Play

BACKGROUND Currently, the use of smartphones to deliver health-related content has experienced a rapid growth, with more than 165,000 mobile health (mHealth) applications currently available in the digital marketplace such as iOS store and Google Play. Among these, there are several mobile applications (mobile apps) that offer tools for disease prevention and management among older generations. These mobile apps could potentially promote health behaviors which will reduce or delay the onset of disease. However, no review to date that has focused on the app marketplace specific for older adults and little is known regarding its evidence-based quality towards the health of older adults. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to characterize and critically appraise the content and functionality of mobile apps that focuses on health management and/or healthy lifestyle among older adults. METHODS An electronic search was conducted between May 2019 to December 2019 of the official app store for two major smartphone operating systems: iPhone operating system (iTunes App Store) and Android (Google Play Store). Stores were searched separately using predetermined search terms. Two authors screened apps based on information provided in the app description. Metadata from all included apps were abstracted into a standard assessment criteria form. Evidenced based strategies and health care expert involvement of included apps was assessed. Evidenced based strategies included: self-monitoring, goal setting, physical activity support, healthy eating support, weight and/or health assessment, personalized feedback, motivational strategies, cognitive training and social support. Two authors verified the data with reference to the apps and downloaded app themselves. RESULTS A total of 16 apps met the inclusion criteria. Six out of 16 (37.5%) apps were designed exclusively for the iOS platform while ten out of 16 (62.5%) were designed for Android platform exclusively. Physical activity component was the most common feature offered in all the apps (9/16, 56.3%) and followed by cognitive training (8/16, 50.0%). Diet/nutrition (0/16, 0%) feature, however, was not offered on all reviewed mobile apps. Of reviewed apps, 56.3% (9/16) provide education, 37.5% (6/16) provide self-monitoring features, 18.8% (3/16) provide goal setting features, 18.5% (3/16) provide personalized feedback, 6.3% (1/16) provide social support and none of the reviewed apps offers heart rate monitoring and reminder features to the users. CONCLUSIONS All reviewed mobile apps for older adults in managing health did not focused on diet/nutrition component, lack of functional components and lack of health care professional involvement in their development process. There is also a need to carry out scientific testing prior to the development of the app to ensure cost effective and its health benefits to older adults. Collaborative efforts between developers, researchers, health professionals and patients are needed in developing evidence-based, high quality mobile apps in managing health prior they are made available in the app store.

Searching for Utopia, the Challenge of Standardized Medical Nutrition Therapy Prescription in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Critical Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Meloncelli ◽  
Shelley A. Wilkinson ◽  
Susan de Jersey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Medical Nutrition Therapy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Medical Nutrition

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy disorder and the incidence is increasing worldwide. GDM is associated with adverse maternal outcomes which may be reduced with proper management. Lifestyle modification in the form of medical nutrition therapy and physical activity, as well as self-monitoring of blood glucose levels, is the cornerstone of GDM management. Inevitably, the search for the “ultimate” diet prescription has been ongoing. Identifying the amount and type of carbohydrate to maintain blood glucose levels below targets while balancing the nutritional requirements of pregnancy and achieving gestational weight gain within recommendations is challenging. Recent developments in the area of the gut microbiota and its impact on glycemic response add another layer of complexity to the success of medical nutrition therapy. This review critically explores the challenges to dietary prescription for GDM and why utopia may never be found.

Therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of Diabetic ketosis decompensations after a decade at the University Hospital of Cotonou, Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 01-05
Author(s):  
Gninkoun Jules
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Ketosis ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Compliance To Treatment ◽  
The University ◽  
Improving Patient Care ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of diabetic ketosis decompensation, a decade after its previous report in our center. Materials and Method: This was a 3-year retrospective study, including all patients admitted from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2019 for DKA at the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Department of the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM). Ketosis was defined by the presence of at least 2 acetone crosses on the urine strip. Results: A total of 196 patients were included. The mean age was 43.73 years ± 16.2 years with a sex ratio of 0.96. The prevalence of DKA was 28.99%. The main precipitating factors of DKA were infections (67.86%) and non-compliance to the treatment (29.59%). The most common infections were urogenital (23.30%), respiratory (18.04%) and malaria (32.33%). The mortality was 2.55%. Male subjects (84.36%) had blood glucose levels above 3g/L with a higher mean dose of insulin used (84.71 IU versus 54.29 IU for women p=0.008). Duration of recovery (p=0.008) and length of hospitalization (p=0.006) were statistically longer for men. Conclusion: The prevalence of ketosis decompensations remains high. The main decompensation factors found were infections and non-compliance to treatment. Improving patient care over the past decade had produced a positive impact on mortality, recovery time and length of hospitalization.

scholarly journals Glucose levels during gestational diabetes pregnancy and the risk of developing postpartum diabetes or prediabetes

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadakarn Phaloprakarn ◽  
Siriwan Tangjitgamol
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Blood glucose levels during pregnancy may reflect the severity of insulin secretory defects and/or insulin resistance during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancy. We hypothesized that suboptimal glycemic control in women with GDM could increase the risk of postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of plasma glucose levels throughout GDM pregnancy on the risk of postpartum T2DM or prediabetes. Methods The medical records of 706 women with GDM who underwent a postpartum 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test at our institution between January 2011 and December 2018 were reviewed. These women were classified into 2 groups according to glycemic control during pregnancy: ≤ 1 occasion of either fasting glucose ≥ 95 mg/dL or 2-hour postprandial glucose ≥ 120 mg/dL was defined as optimal glycemic control or else was classified as suboptimal glycemic control. Rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were compared between women with optimal (n = 505) and suboptimal (n = 201) glycemic control. Results The rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were significantly higher in the suboptimal glycemic control group than in the optimal glycemic control group: 22.4% vs. 3.0%, P < 0.001 for T2DM and 45.3% vs. 23.5%, P < 0.001 for prediabetes. In a multivariate analysis, suboptimal glucose control during pregnancy was an independent risk factor for developing either postpartum T2DM or prediabetes. The adjusted odds ratios were 8.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.5–20.3) for T2DM and 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 2.5–6.1) for prediabetes. Conclusion Our findings suggest that blood glucose levels during GDM pregnancy have an impact on the risk of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes.

Glycemia under control

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Do It Yourself

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a global and national menace. The number of patients with diabetes in the Russian Federation tallied roughly 5.1 million, according to the incidence of outpatient visits in 2020 [1]. “Do-it-yourself” regular measurements of blood glucose levels (self-monitoring) are one of the most important components in achieving the therapy goals for patients with diabetes and preventing severe vascular complications. Now that the technologies have caught on, new “smart” glucometers appeared, which enable remote control and significantly expand opportunities of DM monitoring due to free mobile application integration.

scholarly journals Prototypes of User Interfaces for Mobile Applications for Patients with Diabetes

Computers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Pavlas ◽  
Ondrej Krejcar ◽  
Petra Maresova ◽  
Ali Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Current State ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

We live in a heavily technologized global society. It is therefore not surprising that efforts are being made to integrate current information technology into the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This paper is dedicated to improving the treatment of this disease through the use of well-designed mobile applications. Our analysis of relevant literature sources and existing solutions has revealed that the current state of mobile applications for diabetics is unsatisfactory. These limitations relate both to the content and the Graphical User Interface (GUI) of existing applications. Following the analysis of relevant studies, there are four key elements that a diabetes mobile application should contain. These elements are: (1) blood glucose levels monitoring; (2) effective treatment; (3) proper eating habits; and (4) physical activity. As the next step in this study, three prototypes of new mobile applications were designed. Each of the prototypes represents one group of applications according to a set of given rules. The most optimal solution based on the users’ preferences was determined by using a questionnaire survey conducted with a sample of 30 respondents participating in a questionnaire after providing their informed consent. The age of participants was from 15 until 30 years old, where gender was split to 13 males and 17 females. As a result of this study, the specifications of the proposed application were identified, which aims to respond to the findings discovered in the analytical part of the study, and to eliminate the limitations of the current solutions. All of the respondents expressed preference for an application that includes not only the key functions, but a number of additional functions, namely synchronization with one of the external devices for measuring blood glucose levels, while five-sixths of them found suggested additional functions as being sufficient.

Accuracy of Devices for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Including Hypoglycemic Blood Glucose Levels

Diabetes Care ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Zenob ◽  
A. Keller ◽  
S. E. Jaeggi-Groisman ◽  
Y. Glatz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels
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