Effect of Augmented Reality simulation on administration of local anesthesia in pediatric patients (Preprint)

BACKGROUND Augmented Reality (AR) is a simulation of a three-dimensional environment created using hardware and software that provides the user with realistic experiences and ability to interact. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of AR simulator on the perception of learning and acute stress level in students administering local anesthesia to pediatric patients relative to standard teaching methods. METHODS The prospective study included 21 fourth- and fifth-year students enrolled in 5-year-dental program. In addition to conventional training, the students of the study group used the augmented reality simulator in a dental office 2h weekly in 2 weeks. The level of salivary cortisol was measured before and after the anesthetic procedure as one of the indicators of acute stress. RESULTS A statistically significant shorter time to perform infiltrative anesthesia technique for the anterior superior alveolar nerve was observed in students using the AR technique. The level of cortisol before and after anesthesia was statistically significant in all subjects, however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The AR concept may influence better manipulation and control of the syringe in students administering their first anesthetic injection to pediatric patients, but may not reduce acute stress.

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How is Satiety Affected When Consuming Food While Working on A Computer?

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071545 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1545 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lily Ding ◽

Nazimah Hamid ◽

Daniel Shepherd ◽

Kevin Kantono

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Eating Behavior ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Restrained Eating ◽

Computer Work ◽

Meal Intake ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

More people working at offices are choosing to eat meals at their desks, making “desktop dining” an increasingly common phenomenon. Previous studies have reported that environmental distractors, such as television viewing, can influence meal intake and subsequent snack intake. However, the impact of stressful mental tasks on eating behavior has received relatively less attention, focusing only on subsequent meal intake or concurrent snack intake. This study sets out to determine whether eating while working influenced current meal energy intake. This research also examined the relationship between dietary restraint status and energy intake. A crossover experimental design was employed requiring participants (14 males and 29 females) to eat pizza quietly and at rest (control), and while working on a computer (work). Measurements included BMI, energy intake, state anxiety, restrained eating behavior, stress levels (pre- and post-eating), and appetite (before and after both work and control sessions). The findings showed that consuming food while working on a computer significantly increased stress but had no influence on energy intake compared to the control condition. However, post-eating hunger levels were significantly higher in the work condition compared to the control condition. As expected, satiety levels decreased significantly from pre- to post-eating for both work and control conditions. In addition, no significant relationship was observed between restrained eating behavior and energy intake in both work and control conditions. These results suggest that eating while working affected satiety of normal weight participants, as indicated by the significant difference in post-meal satiety levels between work and control conditions.

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Effect of core muscle exercises on subcutaneous fat percentage of Badminton players

Malaysian Journal of Movement Health & Exercise ◽

10.15282/mohe.v9i2.418 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Gottigundala Shyam mohan Reddy ◽

Rathikota Rajeswari

Keyword(s):

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

The Body ◽

Core Stability ◽

Whole Body ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Badminton involves jumping to reach a shuttle at the highest possible point when descending for a better stroke as in a smash and drop shot. Hence the body weight has to be lifted repeatedly against gravity, where the extra mass in the form of fat would be disadvantage. Moreover the fat tends to be localized in the trunk and lower body segments. Core stability is defined in athletic setting as the optimum production, which can transfer and control the force from the centre of the body to the limbs, through stabilization of the position and motion of torso. Core stability exercises are an essential fitness component of badminton players during smashing the shuttlecock through the game.The present study was conducted to assess the impact of core muscle exercises on subcutaneous fat percentage of badminton players. To achieve this purpose Twenty five badminton players were included in the study, whose age ranged from 17-21 years. During training ten core muscle exercises were performed with one minute each exercise and twenty seconds break in between the exercise. This is performed for three sets. This training is continued for 6 days in a week with one session per day for four weeks. The subcutaneous fat percentage at Arms, Trunk, Legs and Whole body was measured using the Omron HBF 375 Karada Scan before and after the training. The obtained pre and post test data were statistically analyzed using the ‘t’ test. Results shows that there is significant difference in the subcutaneous fat percentage at Arms, Trunk, Legs and Whole body of the badminton players.

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Investigation of TAGAP gene polymorphism (rs1738074) in Turkish pediatric celiac patients

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2020-0419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Melek Pehlivan ◽

Tülay K. Ayna ◽

Maşallah Baran ◽

Mustafa Soyöz ◽

Aslı Ö. Koçyiğit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Allele Specific ◽

And Control

Abstract Objectives There are several hypotheses on the effects of the rs1738074 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism in the TAGAP gene; however, there has been no study on Turkish pediatric patients. We aimed to investigate the association of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) comorbidity with the polymorphism in the TAGAP gene of Turkish pediatric patients. Methods Totally, 127 pediatric CD patients and 100 healthy children were included. We determined the polymorphism by the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. We used IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2 for the statistical analyses. The authors have no conflict of interest. Results It was determined that 72% (n=154) of only CD patients had C allele, whereas 28% (n=60) had T allele. Of the patients with celiac and T1DM, 42.5% (n=17) and 57.5% (n=23) had T and C alleles, respectively. Of the individuals in control group, 67% (n=134) had C allele, whereas 33% (n=66) had T allele. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There was no significant association between the disease risk and the polymorphism in our study group.

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457 The Impact of PAP Therapy on Hematocrit in OSA and Polycythemia: A Pilot Study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A180-A181

Author(s):

Mustafa Jafri ◽

Gabrielle Rosa-Acosta ◽

Jose Flores Martinez ◽

Elizabeth Schofield ◽

Cy Wilkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Smoking History ◽

Event Analysis ◽

Control Groups ◽

Testosterone Therapy ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Testosterone Administration ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction Untreated polycythemia leads to complications including thrombosis. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is commonly associated with secondary erythrocytosis, which testosterone therapy can perpetuate. Effects of positive airway pressure (PAP) on elevated hematocrit (HCT) is unknown. We hypothesize PAP adherence can reduce HCT in men with OSA and polycythemia. Methods Retrospective chart review of male outpatients with newly diagnosed OSA and HCT≥45% at or 3 months before polysomnography (PSG) was conducted. Intervention group consisted of patients initiating PAP for OSA. HCT within 6 months of PAP initiation and PSG were recorded for intervention and control groups, respectively. Primary endpoint was time-to-HCT reduction of HCT<50% plus 3% decrease. Cox proportional-hazards analysis was used to assess time-to-HCT response. Demographics, smoking history, testosterone administration, STOP-Bang score, AHI, and PAP compliance data were obtained. Patients excluded if PAP not indicated, or if PSG, PAP compliance, or repeat HCT were unavailable. Results 41 men with OSA had HCT≥45%, of which 16 had HCT≥50%. Median age was 60 years and median BMI was 32 kg/m2. 28 started PAP. 21 met definition for PAP compliance within 6 months. Median AHI of intervention and control groups were 23 and 19 events/hr, respectively. Mean baseline HCT of both groups were 49 and 50, respectively. No significant difference in age, BMI, smoking history, testosterone therapy, and baseline HCT between both groups noted. 39% of intervention group exhibited HCT response at 1 or more longitudinal assessments, versus 38% of control. Intervention group had higher mean STOP-Bang than control (mean 5.9 vs. 4.6, p=0.01) and trended towards higher mean baseline AHI (27.4 vs. 19.0, p= 0.06). Time-to-event analysis controlling for STOP-Bang and AHI demonstrated PAP was not associated with time-to-HCT response (HR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.4–4.4). In moderate-severe OSA patients, 40% of intervention group had HCT response compared to 14% of control, though difference was not significant (HR = 2.5, 95% CI = 0.3–20.0). Conclusion Moderate-severe OSA patients trended towards reduction in HCT with PAP, although not statistically significant. Testosterone administration did not affect HCT response to PAP in this cohort. Larger studies are required to determine HCT response to PAP in these patients. Support (if any):

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The impact of a ‘milking the COW’ campaign in a regional hospital in Singapore

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-021-00948-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Surinder Kaur M. S. Pada ◽

Poh Lishi ◽

Kim Sim Ng ◽

Sarathamani Rethenam ◽

Lilibeth Silagan Alenton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hand Hygiene ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Mixed Model Analysis ◽

Colony Forming Units ◽

Skin Flora ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Computerisation of various processes in hospitals and reliance on electronic devices raises the concern of contamination of these devices from the patient environment. We undertook this study to determine if an attached hand hygiene device that unlocks the screen of a computer on wheels (COW) on usage can be effective in decreasing the microbiological burden on computer keyboards. Methods An electronic hand sanitizer was integrated onto the COW. A prospective cohort study with a crossover design involving 2 control and 2 intervention wards was used. The study end point was the number of colony forming units found on the keyboards. Bacteria were classified into 4 main groups; pathogenic, skin flora, from the environment or those thought to be commensals in healthy individuals. We then used a mixed effects model for the statistical analysis to determine if there were any differences before and after the intervention. Results Thirty-nine keyboards were swabbed at baseline, day 7 and 14, with 234 keyboards cultured, colony forming units (CFUs) counted and organisms isolated. By mixed model analysis, the difference of mean bacteria count between intervention and control for week 1 was 32.74 (− 32.74, CI − 94.29 to 28.75, p = 0.29), for week 2 by 155.86 (− 155.86, CI − 227.45 to − 83.53, p < 0.0001), and after the 2-week period by 157.04 (− 157.04, CI − 231.53 to − 82.67, p < 0.0001). In the sub-analysis, there were significant differences of pathogenic bacteria counts for the Intervention as compared to the Control in contrast with commensal counts. Conclusion A hand hygiene device attached to a COW may be effective in decreasing the microbiological burden on computer keyboards.

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SECRETION OF DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE BY HUMAN PROSTATE IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0770401 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 77 (2) ◽

pp. 401-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. A. Mahoudeau ◽

A. Delassalle ◽

H. Bricaire

Keyword(s):

Plasma Levels ◽

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽

Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽

Human Prostate ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Peripheral Plasma ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 29 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 56 control men of various ages. No significant difference was found in T, DHT nor DHT/T ratio between BPH and control subjects of similar age. Plasma DHT was higher in the prostatic than in the peripheral veins in 8/9 patients with BPH during laparotomy, indicating a prostatic secretion of DHT. No difference in the mean T nor the mean DHT was found in peripheral plasma before and after adenomectomy.

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1166. Evaluating the Impact of the 2016 Candidemia Guidelines on the Incidence of Ocular Complications of Candidemia

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1352 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S609-S609

Author(s):

Molly Hillenbrand ◽

Senu Apewokin

Keyword(s):

Vision Loss ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Empiric Therapy ◽

Prescribing Patterns ◽

Ocular Complications ◽

Ocular Penetration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Eye Exams ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The incidence of Candida bloodstream infections has risen over the last several decades. Complications of candidemia include endogenous fungal endophthalmitis which can result in devastating outcomes including vision loss. In 2015, the IDSA guidelines were updated to recommend echinocandins as initial therapy for candidemia. Given the poor ocular penetration of echinocandins there has been some concern this change may portend an increased incidence of ocular complications in candidemic patients. We sought to examine whether patients who received empiric echinocandin therapy developed higher rates of ophthalmic complications of candidemia. Methods We identified patients in our healthcare system who had blood cultures positive for Candida species and a completed ophthalmology consult between January 1, 2014 and April 30, 2019. Chi-squared analysis was used to compare antifungal prescribing patterns before and after release of the updated IDSA guidelines. We assessed whether the switch to empiric echinocandin therapy as directed by the guidelines was associated with higher rates of abnormal eye exams. Results 47 patients treated before the guideline change were compared to 57 patients treated after the guideline change. There was no significant difference in age, gender, or comorbid diabetes and hypertension between the groups. Before the guideline change, 24/47 (51%) of patients received eye-penetrating antifungals. This decreased to 21/57 after the updated guideline (37%, p=0.21). The percentage of patients with positive eye exams was nearly equal before and after the updated guidelines, 10/47 (21%) before vs 13/57 (22%) after (p=1). After the guideline change, 7/21 (33%) of the patients treated with penetrating antifungals had positive eye exams vs 6/36 (16%) who received echinocandins (p=0.19). Conclusion Echinocandins are known to have poor ocular penetration yet our data demonstrate no change in the incidence of ophthalmic complications of candidemia after the 2016 guideline endorsed echinocandins as empiric therapy. The prevalence of positive eye exams throughout our study period was 22%, suggesting ongoing utility for these exams. Ongoing investigation is necessary to confirm and further study these findings. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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The effect of levothyroxine in comparison with placebo on serum osteocalcin levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism

Current Drug Safety ◽

10.2174/1574886316666210525102230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Reihaneh Rezaee ◽

Masoud Mohebbi ◽

Mozhgan Afkhamizadeh ◽

Mohammad Ali Yaghoubi ◽

Mona Najaf Najafi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Overt Hypothyroidism ◽

Serum Osteocalcin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Metabolic Conditions ◽

And Control

Background and Objective: Subclinical hypothyroidism can potentially develop to overt hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones have substantial roles in metabolism and glucose homeostasis and thus are closely related to determinant factors of metabolic syndromes, such as obesity and insulin resistance. Osteocalcin is considered a predictor of metabolic conditions in thyroid diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of levothyroxine vs. placebo on serum osteocalcin levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 30 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism who were referred to the endocrine clinics of Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. After giving informed consent, patients were randomly divided into intervention (50 µg/day levothyroxine for 2 months) and control (placebo) groups. Serum levels of osteocalcin, thyroid hormones, lipid profile, insulin, and fasting glucose, as well as other clinical and anthropometric data, were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. SPSS was used to analyze the data and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean age in the intervention and control groups was 35.07 ± 9.94 and 31.30 ± 4.30, respectively (P=0.20). There was no significant difference between osteocalcin levels before and after the intervention in either of the groups (P=0.54). TSH level was significantly decreased in the levothyroxine group after the intervention (P<0.01). T4 level was significantly increased in the intervention group (P=0.02). Conclusion: Levothyroxine had no significant effect on increasing the levels of serum osteocalcin in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. We have registered the trial in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT) with the registration code IRCT20171129037677N1.

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Impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of patients operated on at the Hospital de Clínicas, Paraguay

International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences ◽

10.32457/ijmss.v8i4.1650 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Carlos Mena Canata ◽

Rebeca Noemí Ruiz Vallejos

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

The objective of this study is to determine the impact of adenotonsillectomy on the quality of life of postoperative patients.The study is observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective. The files of all postoperative adenotonsillectomy patients in Otorhinolaryngology Service, Hospital de Clínicas, San Lorenzo Paraguay. The Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire (OSA 18) was applied, asking patients about symptoms before and after surgery. An effective sample of 143 postoperative patients was obtained. The average age was 6.05 ± 2.08 years, 55.10% (81) were male and 44.89% (66) were female, 65.30% (96) were from urban areas and 34.69% (51) from the rural areas. The t test was performed for means of two paired samples, comparing the results of the Obstructive sleep apnea – 18 questionnaire surveys before and after surgery which presented a significant difference (p <0.05) with a tendency to improve the quality of life after surgery. It has been shown that there is a significant difference, a considerable improvement in the quality of life of patients after adenotonsillectomy.

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Analysis of Linkages between Environmental Policy Instruments and Innovation: A Case Study of End-of-Life Vehicles Technologies in Japan

Journal of Sustainable Development ◽

10.5539/jsd.v9n2p181 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 181 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rajeev Kumar Singh ◽

Helmut Yabar ◽

Rie Murakami-Suzuki ◽

Noriko Nozaki ◽

Randeep Rakwal

Keyword(s):

Environmental Policy ◽

End Of Life ◽

Environmental Regulations ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Control Policy ◽

Before And After ◽

Exogenous Factors ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

<p>Environmental policies are designed to deal with externalities either by internalizing environmental costs or imposing specific standards for environmental pollution. This study aims to examine the impact of environmental regulations related to End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) on innovation in Japan. We determined whether there is any statistical difference in patent activity comparing the periods before and after the regulations were enacted. In order to control for exogenous factors such as business cycles, we also analyzed the ratios of ELV and total environmental patents during the same periods. Results showed that environmental regulations drive innovations and the number of ELV-related patents were larger even after controlling for such exogenous factors. We concluded that environmental policy for ELV in Japan was effective in inducing innovation. However, we also found that the weakness in these types of command and control policy is the lack of incentives for further innovation.</p>

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