An exploration of trolling behaviours in Australian adolescents: an online survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Z Marrington ◽  
Evita March ◽  
Sarah Murray ◽  
Carla Jeffries ◽  
Tanya Machin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
Social Rewards

BACKGROUND Internet trolling (i.e., “trolling”) is an intentional, disruptive antisocial online behaviour, where an individual posts provocative and inflammatory content intended to distress and provoke their targets. Unique characteristics of trolling, such as meaningless disruption, distinguish the behaviour from cyberbullying. To understand why people “troll”, researchers have explored a range of individual differences including personality traits, social reward, and empathy. To date, these studies have primarily been conducted in adult samples. This is despite adolescents being highlighted as a particularly vulnerable group with regards to both experiencing and perpetrating trolling. Given the significant psychosocial impact of experiencing trolling, there is urgency to understand the experience of adolescents. Further, an understanding of why adolescents perpetrate trolling would inform development of effective management and prevention of the antisocial online behaviour. OBJECTIVE There are two primary objectives of the current study. First, we aimed to explore adolescents experience of trolling, by documenting how often they experience and perpetrate trolling and to explore the social media platforms on which this behaviour occurs. Second, we aimed to replicate adult research that has constructed a psychological profile of the Internet troll by exploring the utility of personality traits (i.e., psychopathy and sadism), self-esteem, empathy (cognitive and affective), and social rewards (negative social potency) and to predict perpetration of trolling in a sample of Australian adolescents. METHODS A sample of 209 Australian adolescents (59.1% male, 40.9% female, 0.5% non-binary) aged between 13 and 18 years of age (M = 15.87, SD = 1.60) completed the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy (AMES), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Youth Psychopathy Traits Inventory – Short Version (YPI-S), Social Rewards Questionnaire (SRQ), and Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS). The experience of being trolled and perpetration of trolling was measured via a series of questions. RESULTS Results indicated 34.4% of Australian adolescents reported they had been targeting by trolling in the previous year and 18.2% reported they had perpetrated trolling in the previous year. Experiencing trolling was most likely to occur on Tumblr (44.8%) and Twitter (39.7%) and perpetrating trolling was most likely to occur on WordPress (30.4%) and Twitter (20.5%). Psychopathy, sadism, self-esteem, cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and negative social potency explained 42.4% of variance in adolescents’ perpetration of trolling (p<.001). High negative social potency (β=.15, p=.020), high sadism (β=.29, p=001), high affective psychopathy (β=.17, p=.033) and low cognitive empathy (β=.-.28, p=001) were predictive of trolling. Boys were more likely than girls to troll (β = -.11, p=041). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate personality and psychological traits important to trolling in adults also play a significant role in perpetrating trolling in adolescence. Future research should continue to examine adolescent trolling behaviour to develop targeted interventions to prevent or manage trolling in adolescence.

Telepresence, Flow, and Behaviour in the Virtual Retail Environment

2014 ◽  
pp. 173-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saïd Ettis
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Flow State ◽  
Visit Time ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Retail Environment ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Flow theory, as a basis to facilitate the development of compelling experiences, has received growing attention over the past two decades. Facing this plethora of interest, it is obvious that telepresence and flow in human-computer interactions are important issues. The objectives of this chapter is to review and empirically analyze the relationships among flow theory, the telepresence concept, and online behaviour. Particularly, this research investigates the impact of telepresence and flow on Websites visitors’ visit time, perceived visit time, and number of visited pages. An online survey was conducted. The findings indicate that telepresence has a positive effect on the flow state, as measured by concentration and enjoyment. The consumers’ level of concentration positively influenced their visit time, perceived visit time, and number of visited pages. Enjoyment has a positive effect on perceived visit time, but no significant effect on actual visit time and number of visited pages. Discussion and implications of these results are exhibited. Suggestions concerning future research are also presented.

A Communication Multiplexity Approach to Social Capital: On- and Offline Communication and Self-Esteem

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Raymond Rui ◽  
Jessica M. Covert ◽  
Michael A. Stefanone ◽  
Tanuka Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model

This study explores the mechanisms by which online social information seeking (i.e., monitoring Facebook friends) relates to social capital. Based on the extant literature, we propose a theoretical framework that includes communication activities across different channels operationalized as offline participation, network structure on social network site operationalized as the number of actual online friends and network diversity, and self-esteem. Results from an online survey ( N = 223) found a moderated mediation model in which participation in offline social activities mediated the relationship between social information seeking and self-reported bonding social capital, and self-esteem moderated this mediation. In addition, participation in offline social activities provided an additional channel to accessing bridging social capital. These results provide a theoretical framework for and suggest an approach of communication multiplexity to future research.

Developing an authenticity model of traditional food specialties

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1692-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Laura Sidali ◽  
Sarah Hemmerling
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Object Based

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an authenticity model for food specialties considering both the subjective and the object-based dimensions of authenticity. Moreover, the relationship with personality traits – such as consumer self-concept and identification with the product – (antecedents) as well as with the consumption intention (consequences) are measured. Design/methodology/approach – Hypotheses were analyzed by means of a structural equation model using AMOS. Calculations were based on data collected through an online survey of 138 German respondents who were recruited by a consumer panel. Findings – Both subjective and object-based perceived authenticity significantly influence the purchase intention. Object-based authenticity's role is mediated by the subjective authenticity, which is affected by the consumers self-identification with the product and personality traits such as determination and passion. Research limitations/implications – The results presented in this paper will help to understand what influences the perception of authenticity of a traditional food product and how it affects purchase intentions. More influencing variables should be considered in future research, as well as other product groups. Repeated analyses considering larger samples are necessary to confirm the presented results. Practical implications – A deeper understanding of which psychological and social factors affect the perception of a product's authenticity is important for creating appropriate marketing strategies. Originality/value – While there is a vast literature on authenticity theories, remarkably few scholars have provided empirical evidence on this subject by using a quantitative research design.

scholarly journals Personal identity after an autism diagnosis: Relationships with self-esteem, mental wellbeing and diagnostic timing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Corden ◽  
Rebecca Brewer ◽  
Eilidh Cage
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

Adults and females are increasingly seeking autism diagnoses, although less is known about their experiences of diagnosis and personal identity (i.e., autism as part of ‘me’), and how this relates to self-esteem and wellbeing. One-hundred and fifty-one autistic adults (117 female) completed an online survey including measures of self-esteem, psychological wellbeing and autistic personal identity, which considered whether participants took pride in or were dissatisfied with being autistic. Fifty-four participants answered a qualitative question about the impact of receiving an autism diagnosis on their sense of self. Regression analyses found that more dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity predicted lower self-esteem, and more autism pride predicted higher self-esteem. We also found that greater time elapsed since diagnosis related to less dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity. Content analysis of participants’ experiences supported the quantitative findings and were suggestive of an emotive post-diagnostic adjustment process. Future research should aim to identify ways to promote the development of a positive autistic personal identity post-diagnosis in adulthood.

scholarly journals Personal Identity After an Autism Diagnosis: Relationships With Self-Esteem, Mental Wellbeing, and Diagnostic Timing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Corden ◽  
Rebecca Brewer ◽  
Eilidh Cage
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Autism Diagnosis ◽  
The Impact

Adults are increasingly seeking autism diagnoses, although less is known about their experiences of diagnosis and personal identity (i.e., autism as part of “me”), and how this relates to self-esteem and wellbeing. One-hundred and fifty-one autistic adults completed an online survey including measures of self-esteem, psychological wellbeing, and autistic personal identity, which considered whether participants took pride in or were dissatisfied with being autistic. Fifty-four participants answered a qualitative question about the impact of receiving an autism diagnosis on their sense of self. Regression analyses found that greater time elapsed since diagnosis related to less dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity. We also found that more dissatisfaction with autistic personal identity predicted lower self-esteem, and more autism pride predicted higher self-esteem. Content analysis of participants’ experiences supported the quantitative findings and was suggestive of an emotive post-diagnostic adjustment process. Future research should aim to identify ways to promote the development of a positive autistic personal identity post-diagnosis in adulthood.

scholarly journals How Does Substance Use Affect Personality Development? Disentangling Between- and Within-Person Effects

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062092170
Author(s):  
Lara Kroencke ◽  
Niclas Kuper ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Jaap Denissen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Big Five Personality

Little is known about the effects of substance use on changes in broad personality traits. This 10-year longitudinal study sought to fill this void using a large, representative sample of the Dutch population ( N = 10,872), which provided annual assessments of drug use (tobacco, alcohol, sedatives, soft drugs, ecstasy, hallucinogens, and hard drugs), Big Five personality traits, life satisfaction, and self-esteem. Using multilevel models, we examined the longitudinal associations between drug use and personality both between and within persons. Results indicated that individuals with low levels of conscientiousness, life satisfaction, and self-esteem, as well as high levels of neuroticism, used more drugs on average (between-person effects). In contrast, we found little evidence for personality change following substance use (within-person effects). We discuss these findings in the context of previous empirical and theoretical work and highlight opportunities for future research.

scholarly journals Work to Family Facilitation as a Predictor of Job Satisfaction, Affective Commitment and Job Performance in Academia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Farhan Sarwar ◽  
Tahir Masood Qureshi ◽  
Siti Aisyah Panatik
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Psychological Traits

Work to Family Facilitation considers that time and other resources spent on the job by an individual can have a positive impact on family life. The current study tests to what extent this perception affects the employee’s level of job satisfaction, affective commitment, and self-rated job performance. A systematic random sample of 293 faculty members from 30 public and private universities of Pakistan filled an online survey. Results from path analysis performed in AMOS indicate that Work to Family Facilitation is significant and positive predictors of all three outcomes variables. Moreover, both job satisfaction and affective commitment mediate path leading from work to family facilitation and self-rated job performance such that job satisfaction precedes affective commitment in the causal chain. Hence by devising family-friendly HR policies, effective job designs and fostering environment that is family supportive will result in enhanced employee performance. Similarly hiring employees with resourceful psychological traits or interventions to enhance resourceful psychological states can result in greater perception of work to family facilitation. Discussion and implications are followed by future research directions.

Tales From the Dark Side: The Dark Tetrad of Personality, Supernatural, and Scientific Belief

2021 ◽  
pp. 002216782110006
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Schofield ◽  
Ben L. H. Roberts ◽  
Caroline A. Harvey ◽  
Ian S. Baker ◽  
Gemma Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Just World ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Significant Relationships

Theories such as the psychodynamic functions hypothesis, attribution theory, and the just world theory have been used to explain different types of supernatural belief. This study aims to examine “dark” personality traits and how they link to different beliefs using the Dark Tetrad. The Dark Tetrad” comprises narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism. Relationships have been found between dark personality traits and religious belief, but no studies have examined the Dark Triad or Tetrad and paranormal and scientific belief directly. An opportunity sample of 199 participants completed an online survey including scales measuring Dark Tetrad traits, religious and paranormal belief, and belief in science. Path analysis revealed five significant relationships. Belief in psychokinesis was negatively related to Machiavellianism, as was belief in common paranormal perceptions, which was also positively related to psychopathy. Religious belief was negatively related to psychopathy but positively related to sadism. Findings suggest some links between Dark Tetrad traits and elements of supernatural belief. The unexpected positive relationship between religiosity and sadism indicate that religious believers believe in a just world where people get what they deserve. These findings indicate that religious and paranormal experience, and dark personality are avenues for future research.

The hybrid career concept: creating hybrid career pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Gander
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Career Pathways ◽  
Professional Staff ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Hybrid Concept ◽  
The Uk

PurposeHybrid career has been discussed in the literature for some time but is still an emergent concept. The study investigated the careers of university professional staff working in universities in Australia and the UK to better understand the careers of this underresearched cohort of staff. The findings were used to extend the theory of the hybrid career.Design/methodology/approachA total of 139 career stories were collected via an open-ended question in an online survey. Inductive thematic analysis was used to create themes and theorise career pathways relevant to the participants' careers.FindingsIt was found that participants had a hybrid career orientation (HCO) based on their essential values and their reciprocal relationship with their employer. Four career pathways emerged from the data: intra-organisational advancement, inter-organisational advancement, work–life balance and dead end.Research limitations/implicationsThere is a need for future research to investigate the HCO, both to add depth to the understanding of careers for university professional staff in universities and to examine the hybrid concept in other settings.Practical implicationsIt is suggested that by grouping staff into career pathways, human resource practitioners could provide more targeted interventions to ensure that staff are motivated and productive for the benefit of the organisation.Originality/valueThe research has extended the concept of the hybrid career and discovered four career pathways relevant to university professional staff.

Do Emotional Solidarity Factors Mediate the Effect of Personality Traits on the Inclination to Use Nonmonetary Peer-to-Peer Accommodation Networks?

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Juric ◽  
Jörg Lindenmeier ◽  
Christian Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Emotional Solidarity

This article focuses on nonmonetary peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation networks, examining the way in which personality traits, emotional solidarity factors, and technology-related perceptions affect the inclination to participate in these networks. To test the theoretical framework, a structural equation model is validated, based on a representative online survey of German consumers (N=600). The findings confirm the explanatory power of the model components considered that directly or indirectly impact individual usage intention. A group analysis distinguishes between the guest and host perspective, providing further insights into the antecedents of the inclination toward P2P accommodation networks. Based on the study results, the present article develops managerial implications and suggests avenues for future research.

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