Tales From the Dark Side: The Dark Tetrad of Personality, Supernatural, and Scientific Belief

2021 ◽  
pp. 002216782110006
Author(s):  
Malcolm B. Schofield ◽  
Ben L. H. Roberts ◽  
Caroline A. Harvey ◽  
Ian S. Baker ◽  
Gemma Crouch
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Just World ◽  
Paranormal Belief ◽  
Significant Relationships

Theories such as the psychodynamic functions hypothesis, attribution theory, and the just world theory have been used to explain different types of supernatural belief. This study aims to examine “dark” personality traits and how they link to different beliefs using the Dark Tetrad. The Dark Tetrad” comprises narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism. Relationships have been found between dark personality traits and religious belief, but no studies have examined the Dark Triad or Tetrad and paranormal and scientific belief directly. An opportunity sample of 199 participants completed an online survey including scales measuring Dark Tetrad traits, religious and paranormal belief, and belief in science. Path analysis revealed five significant relationships. Belief in psychokinesis was negatively related to Machiavellianism, as was belief in common paranormal perceptions, which was also positively related to psychopathy. Religious belief was negatively related to psychopathy but positively related to sadism. Findings suggest some links between Dark Tetrad traits and elements of supernatural belief. The unexpected positive relationship between religiosity and sadism indicate that religious believers believe in a just world where people get what they deserve. These findings indicate that religious and paranormal experience, and dark personality are avenues for future research.

scholarly journals Food Preferences and Dark-side Personality Traits

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Taste Preferences

This study investigated the association between a variety of taste preferences and the Dark Triad personality traits. We noted over twenty studies that linked personality to taste/beverage preference and experience. In this study just under 200 participants completed a personality and food preference questionnaire. Results demonstrated that dark side traits accounted for around ten percent of the variance in tastes, including bitter and sweet as well as alcohol and coffee strength preferences. For a number of the taste preference measures sensation seeking and harm aversive personality traits were particularly influential in determining taste preferences. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The interplay of gaming disorder, gaming motivations, and the dark triad

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Yen Tang ◽  
Felix Reer ◽  
Thorsten Quandt
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Gaming Motivations

AbstractBackground and aimsThere is a considerable amount of research on the psychological antecedents and outcomes of gaming disorder. Although many studies have examined various personality traits or motivations as predictors in isolation, fewer studies have investigated the mediations between personality traits and motivations. Furthermore, the analyzed personality traits have been limited to a few core concepts, with the Big Five personality traits being a standard model in this context. However, more recently the dark triad of personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) has been found to be associated with various forms of problematic online behavior and usage, such as online gambling, yet little is known about gaming disorder. The current study examines the relationship of these dark personality traits to gaming disorder with three gaming motivations (achievement, social, and escapism) as mediators.MethodThe study uses an online survey of 1,502 German digital game users.ResultsResults indicate a fully mediated association for narcissism via escapism and partial mediation associations for Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Direct effects on gaming disorder were observed for Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Indirect effects by psychopathy were observed via escapism and social motivation, by narcissism via escapism, and by Machiavellianism via social motivation.Discussion and conclusionsThese findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of the mediation of gaming motivations and the dark triad personality traits' importance for gaming disorder.

The impacts of e-atmospherics on emotions and on the booking intentions of hotel rooms

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Essawy
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Information Design ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Hotel Websites ◽  
Booking Intentions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atmospheric Cues ◽  
Hotel Customers

This research is designed to investigate the effects of e-atmospheric cues of hotel websites on emotions and on the behavioral responses of customers. Frequent hotel customers (each conducted at least five online bookings yearly) participated in an online survey. The survey measured the impact of two atmospheric cues (graphics design and information design) on emotions (pleasure, arousal, and dominance), the relationship between emotions and booking intentions, and the impact of atmospheric cues on booking intentions. The results showed significant effects of information design on emotions and on booking intentions. The results also revealed the significant relationships between emotions and booking intentions. The present findings of the specific impact of information design on emotions and on booking intentions contribute to extending the knowledge in pleasing hotel customers and forming their booking intentions. Future research could consider other e-atmospherics such as the use of music and color.

scholarly journals Million dollar personality: a systematic literature review on personality in crowdfunding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Neuhaus ◽  
Andrew Isaak ◽  
Denefa Bostandzic
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractExpressed personality traits can play a pivotal role in convincing investors in crowdfunding. Our study answers the research question: What is the current body of knowledge regarding the relationship between personality factors and crowdfunding success and where are knowledge gaps where the literature is silent? In our literature review, we therefore analyze and categorize (1) the results provided by quantitative studies on the relationship between the personality of entrepreneurs and crowdfunding success and (2) the research gaps identified by the authors investigating personality in crowdfunding. We find that studies investigating the entrepreneur's personality, i.e. the Big Five, other baseline personality traits (self-efficacy, innovativeness, locus of control, and need for achievement) and the Dark Triad, find positive relationships between openness and crowdfunding success, while narcissism shows an inverted u-shaped relationship with crowdfunding success across articles. However, the effects of other personality traits on crowdfunding success are largely inconclusive. Further, we identify four main gaps in the literature. First, future studies should examine non-linear relationships between expressed personality traits and crowdfunding success. Second, there is a need for more studies that employ different methods like qualitative or mixed-method approaches. Third, replication studies in similar and different contexts are urgently needed. Fourth, a plurality of personality perspectives would strengthen future research (e.g., investor perspective, third party perspective). To our knowledge this is the first literature review of personality traits in crowdfunding. Our work aims to enrich our understanding of individual-level components in the underexplored alternative finance market.

scholarly journals Personality Goes a Long Way (for Some). An Experimental Investigation Into Candidate Personality Traits, Voters’ Profile, and Perceived Likeability

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nai ◽  
Jürgen Maier ◽  
Jug Vranić
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
The Public ◽  
Candidate Evaluations ◽  
Candidate Personality

The personality traits of political candidates, and the way these are perceived by the public at large, matter for political representation and electoral behavior. Disentangling the effects of partisanship and perceived personality on candidate evaluations is however notoriously a tricky business, as voters tend to evaluate the personality of candidates based on their partisan preferences. In this article we tackle this issue via innovative experimental data. We present what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study that manipulates the personality traits of a candidate and assesses its subsequent effects. The design, embedded in an online survey distributed to a convenience sample of US respondents (MTurk, N = 1,971), exposed respondents randomly to one of eight different “vignettes” presenting personality cues for a fictive candidate - one vignette for each of the five general traits (Big Five) and the three “nefarious” traits of the Dark Triad. Our results show that 1) the public at large dislikes “dark” politicians, and rate them significantly and substantially lower in likeability; 2) voters that themselves score higher on “dark” personality traits (narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism) tend to like dark candidates, in such a way that the detrimental effect observed in general is completely reversed for them; 3) the effects of candidates’ personality traits are, in some cases, stronger for respondents displaying a weaker partisan attachment.

An exploration of trolling behaviours in Australian adolescents: an online survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Z Marrington ◽  
Evita March ◽  
Sarah Murray ◽  
Carla Jeffries ◽  
Tanya Machin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cognitive Empathy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
Social Rewards

BACKGROUND Internet trolling (i.e., “trolling”) is an intentional, disruptive antisocial online behaviour, where an individual posts provocative and inflammatory content intended to distress and provoke their targets. Unique characteristics of trolling, such as meaningless disruption, distinguish the behaviour from cyberbullying. To understand why people “troll”, researchers have explored a range of individual differences including personality traits, social reward, and empathy. To date, these studies have primarily been conducted in adult samples. This is despite adolescents being highlighted as a particularly vulnerable group with regards to both experiencing and perpetrating trolling. Given the significant psychosocial impact of experiencing trolling, there is urgency to understand the experience of adolescents. Further, an understanding of why adolescents perpetrate trolling would inform development of effective management and prevention of the antisocial online behaviour. OBJECTIVE There are two primary objectives of the current study. First, we aimed to explore adolescents experience of trolling, by documenting how often they experience and perpetrate trolling and to explore the social media platforms on which this behaviour occurs. Second, we aimed to replicate adult research that has constructed a psychological profile of the Internet troll by exploring the utility of personality traits (i.e., psychopathy and sadism), self-esteem, empathy (cognitive and affective), and social rewards (negative social potency) and to predict perpetration of trolling in a sample of Australian adolescents. METHODS A sample of 209 Australian adolescents (59.1% male, 40.9% female, 0.5% non-binary) aged between 13 and 18 years of age (M = 15.87, SD = 1.60) completed the Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy (AMES), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Youth Psychopathy Traits Inventory – Short Version (YPI-S), Social Rewards Questionnaire (SRQ), and Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS). The experience of being trolled and perpetration of trolling was measured via a series of questions. RESULTS Results indicated 34.4% of Australian adolescents reported they had been targeting by trolling in the previous year and 18.2% reported they had perpetrated trolling in the previous year. Experiencing trolling was most likely to occur on Tumblr (44.8%) and Twitter (39.7%) and perpetrating trolling was most likely to occur on WordPress (30.4%) and Twitter (20.5%). Psychopathy, sadism, self-esteem, cognitive empathy, affective empathy, and negative social potency explained 42.4% of variance in adolescents’ perpetration of trolling (p<.001). High negative social potency (β=.15, p=.020), high sadism (β=.29, p=001), high affective psychopathy (β=.17, p=.033) and low cognitive empathy (β=.-.28, p=001) were predictive of trolling. Boys were more likely than girls to troll (β = -.11, p=041). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate personality and psychological traits important to trolling in adults also play a significant role in perpetrating trolling in adolescence. Future research should continue to examine adolescent trolling behaviour to develop targeted interventions to prevent or manage trolling in adolescence.

Developing an authenticity model of traditional food specialties

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1692-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Laura Sidali ◽  
Sarah Hemmerling
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Object Based

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an authenticity model for food specialties considering both the subjective and the object-based dimensions of authenticity. Moreover, the relationship with personality traits – such as consumer self-concept and identification with the product – (antecedents) as well as with the consumption intention (consequences) are measured. Design/methodology/approach – Hypotheses were analyzed by means of a structural equation model using AMOS. Calculations were based on data collected through an online survey of 138 German respondents who were recruited by a consumer panel. Findings – Both subjective and object-based perceived authenticity significantly influence the purchase intention. Object-based authenticity's role is mediated by the subjective authenticity, which is affected by the consumers self-identification with the product and personality traits such as determination and passion. Research limitations/implications – The results presented in this paper will help to understand what influences the perception of authenticity of a traditional food product and how it affects purchase intentions. More influencing variables should be considered in future research, as well as other product groups. Repeated analyses considering larger samples are necessary to confirm the presented results. Practical implications – A deeper understanding of which psychological and social factors affect the perception of a product's authenticity is important for creating appropriate marketing strategies. Originality/value – While there is a vast literature on authenticity theories, remarkably few scholars have provided empirical evidence on this subject by using a quantitative research design.

scholarly journals The association between problematic social networking site use, dark triad traits, and emotion dysregulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaheer Hussain ◽  
Elisa Wegmann ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Site Use ◽  
Share Information

Abstract Background Social networking sites (SNSs) allow people to socially connect with each other, collaborate, and share information. However, problematic SNS use (PSNSU) may be associated with negative personality traits. The present study investigated the associations between PSNSU, dark triad personality traits, and emotion dysregulation. Method In the present study, 555 SNS users (Mage = 33.32 years, SD = 10.88) completed an online survey comprising measures of PSNSU, dark triad personality traits, and emotion dysregulation. Results Bivariate correlations showed that PSNSU was significantly associated with dark triad traits as well as emotion dysregulation. Structural equation modelling (where the effect of the dark triad traits on PSNSU was mediated by emotion dysregulation) showed that 33.5% of the variance of PSNSU was explained by Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. Conclusion The findings provide suggestive evidence of why PSNSU may occur as a function of the presence of dark triad traits and emotion dysregulation. The study also highlighted the important role that emotion regulation plays in the association between dark triad traits and PSNSU.

scholarly journals Personality and Employees’ Information Security Behavior among Generational Cohorts

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Cartmell Warrington ◽  
Javaid Syed ◽  
Ruth M. Tappin
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Security Behavior ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Security Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The Big Five Factors Model (FFM) of personality traits theory was tested for its ability to explain employee information security behavior (EISB), when age, measured by generational cohort (GCOHORT), moderated the relationship between the independent variables (IVs) extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, intellect (EACESI) and the dependent variable (DV), employees&rsquo; information security behavior (EISB) which is measured by file protection behavior (FPB). Three age groups defined GCOHORT: 52&ndash;70 years old (1946&ndash;1964, Baby Boomers), 36&ndash;51 yrs old (1965&ndash;1980, Generation X), and 18&ndash; 35 yrs. Old (1981&ndash;1998, Millennial). Results of hierarchical multiple regressions analyses revealed statistically significant relationships between overall personality traits, four individual factors of personality traits, and the DV (p &lt; .05). However, contrary to expectations, GCOHORT did not moderate the relationship between any of the main IVs and the DV (p &gt; .05). Recommendations for future research are offered.

The Dark Side of Politics: Participation and the Dark Triad

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232172091156
Author(s):  
Philip Chen ◽  
Scott Pruysers ◽  
Julie Blais
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Interest And Knowledge

Personality traits are one piece in the larger puzzle of political participation, but most studies focus on the Five-Factor Model of personality. We argue that the normative implications of the influence of personality on politics are increased when the personality traits being studied correlate with negative social behaviors. We investigate the role of the Dark Triad on political participation as mediated through political beliefs such as interest and knowledge. We find that Psychopathy and Narcissism are positively associated with political interest, but Narcissism is also negatively associated with political knowledge. In addition, both Psychopathy and Narcissism exert a direct, positive influence on participation. Our results imply that individuals exhibiting higher levels of Narcissism are not only less knowledgeable but also more interested in politics and more likely to participate when given the opportunity.

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