scholarly journals Clinical and diagnostic aspects of testosterone deficiency in women of fertile age

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Z.Yu. Khalimova ◽  
A.A. Almakhmatova
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Testosterone Deficiency ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Diagnostic Aspects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

Background. The role of androgens in a woman has not been fully appreciated. Currently, there is no clear and gene­rally accepted definition of the concept of androgen deficiency in women by analogy with that in men. The purpose of the study was to investigate the clinical and diagnostic aspects of testoste­rone deficiency in women of fertile age. Materials and methods. The study included 60 women with testosterone deficiency without other concomitant pathology. The average age of the patients was 28.3 years. The control group consisted of 20 healthy women. The patients were divided into three groups based on their body mass index (BMI). The first group consisted of 20 overweight women (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), the second group — 20 women with first-degree obesity, and the third group — 20 women with second-degree obesity. Results. On the 14th day of the ovarian-menstrual cycle, the patients from the first group showed a tendency towards a decrease in the basal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone against the background of significant hypoandrogenaemia. Patients with obesity (II degree) showed a significant decrease in basal levels of LH, FSH, estradiol, progesterone against the background of significant hypoandrogenaemia. The correlation analysis revealed a direct relationship between testosterone deficiency and obesity. Thus, the lowest testosterone values were found in patients of the third group (< 0.05 nmol/l). At the same time, the testosterone level in the patients of the first and second groups was also significantly reduced — from 0.02 to 0.05 nmol/l, respectively. The levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were significantly reduced, especially in the third group — 0.3 μg/ml and 0.1 nmol/l, respectively. Conclusions. Most women of reproductive age with testosterone deficiency have hypomenorrhea with low free testosterone. A direct correlation was established between testosterone deficiency and the degree of obesity in women with androgen deficiency.

scholarly journals Role of metformin pregravid preparation patients with prediabetes impaired glucose toletance

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Konstantinovich Komarov ◽  
Tamara Aleksandrovna Pluzhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Insulin Resistence ◽  
Group I ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Tasks of investigation were concluded the characterization of insulin resistence (IR) and hormonal features in patients with prediabetes and influence of diet or metformin on the course of pregnancy and perinatal complications. There were examined 61 womans. The OGTT, definition of insulin levels in plasma and index IR were performed in all patiens. OGTT and index IR were normal in 14 womans (control group I). OGTT was normal but index IR was impared in 33 womans (group IR - II). From this group 22 womans were treated with diet (II A group) and 11 womans treated with metformin (IIB group). OGTT and index IR were abnormal in 14 womans (impared OGTT - III group), they were treated with metformin. Dose of metformin was 1500 mg/d, threatment was continueted for 3-4 manths. Conclusion: Used indexes IR basal and two hour after glucose load were significant in definition of normal and decreased insulin sensitivity (IR). Presence of IR is accompanied by high level of free testosterone in blood without impared secretion of ovarian and suprarenal androgens. There was impared sensitivity of endometrium of secretory stage. The frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications in patients receiving diet not differ from patients treated with metformin. There was only a tendercy to low frequency of threatening miscarriages befor 12 weeks of gestations in paitiens receiving metformin. Development of GDM was observed in 13,1 % of patiens only with presence of IR. The use of metformin in pregravidal stage preserved the development of macrosomia in offsprings of patients with prediabetes.

scholarly journals The role of metastin in pathogenesis of genital endometriosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvard K. Aylamazyan ◽  
Mariya I. Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Nigar F. Ganbarli ◽  
Natalia N. Tkachenko ◽  
Gulrukhsor Kh. Tolibova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Definition Of

Materials and methods. 28 patients with GE of I-II degrees of prevalence (R-AFS) were included in the study. Control group consisted of 11 healthy women. All the patients underwent laparoscopy and hysteroscopy with histological examination of ovarian tissue, peritoneum and endometrium; patients with GE also were performed histological examination of endometrioid of heterotopies. Definition of levels of kisspeptin, FSH, LH, prolactin, AMH, estradiol, estrone, androgens (free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone – DHEA) in peripheral blood in healthy women and in patients with GE were conducted by ELISA on the 2nd and 8th days of menstrual cycle. Immunohistochemical method was used to evaluate expression of metastine (kisspeptin) and its receptor in ovarian tissue, peritoneum, in endometrioid heterotopies and in endometrium. Results. Hormonal survey has revealed that the level of kisspeptin in peripheral blood was reliably higher compared to its level in the control group. Immunohistochemical study found that in patients with GE area of expression of KISS and KISS1R receptor in endometrium was reliably lower when compared with these values in the control group. In the foci of endometrioid heterotopies, which were located on the pelvic peritoneum, it was observed a reliable increase in protein КІЅЅ1 expression and receptor KISS1R compared to fragments of intact peritoneum. The area of expression of receptor KISS1R in endometrioid heterotopies was reliably higher than the area of its expression in endometrium of patients with GE and in endometrium of women of the control group. Direct correlation between the area of protein expression (KISS) in endometrium with level kisspeptin on the 8th day of menstrual cycle in peripheral blood (rs = 0,90) has been revealed. It has been determined that the level of kisspeptin on the 2nd day of menstrual cycle in peripheral blood correlates with the area of expression of receptor KISS1R in peritoneum (rs = 0,57). A direct correlation between the area of expression of receptor KISS1R in peritoneum with the level of kisspeptin on the 8th day of menstrual cycle in serum has been found (rs = 0,90). Conclusion. The obtained data show a definite role of kisspeptin in pathogenesis of genital endometriosis. It can be assumed that the increase in the level of metastine (kisspeptin) in peripheral blood and increased expression of KISS1 in endometrioid heterotopies and especially its receptor KISS1R are compensatory-adaptive response aimed at deterrence of further spread of endometriosis. The obtained results justify the need to continue research in this direction for a deeper understanding of pathogenesis of the disease and possible use of kisspeptin as biomarker for non-invasive diagnostics as well as potential targeted therapy of GE.

The Limit Situation And The Narrative Of War (On The Material Of The Novel “My Lieutenant” By Daniil Granin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Limit ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.

Covert Action: United States Law in Substance, Process, and Practice

2010 ◽  
pp. 586-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Baker
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Covert Action ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traditional Activity ◽  
The U.S

This article discusses covert action within the context of the U.S. law. The first section describes the main elements of the U.S. legal regime, including the definition of covert action and the “traditional activity” exceptions, the elements of a covert action finding, and the thresholds and requirements for congressional notification. The second section describes some of the significant limitations on the conduct of covert action. The third section discusses the nature of executive branch legal practice in this area of the law. And the last section draws conclusions about the role of national security law within the context of covert action.

A Social Sonic Paradigm

2021 ◽  
pp. 540-554
Author(s):  
Tegan Bristow ◽  
João Orecchia Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
Sound Art ◽  
Intellectual Engagement ◽  
The Third ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This chapter presents an examination of why—in contemporary Africa, with Southern Africa as the primary focus—there are very few artists working with sound in a manner that fits the paradigm of sound art as it is known in Euro-America. Emphasis is not placed on a lack of intellectual engagement, which is significant in the Euro-American definition of sound art. What is presented does not aim to deviate from this, but rather acts to affirm an engagement with alternative forms of knowledge and mechanisms of sound found in the South. Three areas are explored; these however are interlinked and do not stand alone. The first is an understanding of the practice of interdisciplinarity as political engagement. The second explores the role of community and communal interaction with sound and how this is fundamental to form in the region. The third extends this by showing how the histories of knowledge and power are fundamental to these explorations in the region, emphasizing how contemporary explorations of sound are used to both contain and shift these histories. The chapter takes shape with the use of case studies and draws on interviews conducted by the authors.

Badius and Textual Culture

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul White
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Textual Scholarship ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Familial Relations ◽  
Textual Culture ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter is divided into three parts. The first focuses on the first two parts of Varro’s definition of the role of the grammarian: lectio and enarratio. It shows how Badius used figurative language to conceptualize these roles, paying particular attention to the symbolism of initiation and sacred mystery, and to concepts of copia and excess. The second looks at emendatio and iudicium. This section incorporates an account of Badius’s attitudes towards textual scholarship and editing, and examines the medical and bodily metaphors he used to characterize this work. The third part considers the ways in which Badius presented and conceptualized the various aspects of the printing process: from patronage and the acquisition of exemplars to the issuing of privileges. In this domain Badius used figurative language grounded in concepts of property and theft, friendship and sociability, and familial relations.

Female sex hormones in men with migraine

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. e374-e381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willebrordus P.J. van Oosterhout ◽  
Guus G. Schoonman ◽  
Erik W. van Zwet ◽  
Olaf M. Dekkers ◽  
Gisela M. Terwindt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Migraine Group ◽  
Aging Males Symptoms

ObjectiveTo assess the role of estradiol and testosterone in men with migraine.MethodsWe measured 17β-estradiol (E2) and calculated free testosterone (Tf) in serum of 17 medication-free men with migraine and 22 men without migraine group-matched for age and body mass index (BMI), targeted at 20 to 28 kg/m2. Blood was sampled on a single, for migraineurs interictal, day at 9 am, 12 pm, 3 pm, and 6 pm. Migraineurs were subsequently measured 3 to 4 times daily until an attack occurred. Clinical androgen deficiency was assessed with the Androgen Deficiency of Ageing Men questionnaire and the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale. We analyzed interictal data (mean ± standard error) with repeated-measures analysis of covariance and longitudinal data by generalized estimated equations models.ResultsCompared to controls, men with migraine had a lower interictal Tf/E2 ratio (3.9 ± 0.4 vs 5.0 ± 0.3, p = 0.03) due to higher E2 (96.8 ± 6.1 vs 69.1 ± 5.6 pmol/L, p = 0.001) and similar Tf (357.5 ± 21.4 vs 332.6 ± 18.7 pmol/L, p = 0.35) levels. Preictal Tf levels were increased in men with migraine reporting premonitory symptoms (p = 0.03). Men with migraine more frequently reported symptoms of androgen deficiency (11 of 18 [61.1%] vs 6 of 22 [27.3%], p = 0.031), which were also more frequently severe (p = 0.006); their age- and BMI-adjusted AMS scores were higher (27.0 ± 1.2 vs 21.0 ± 1.0, p = 0.002).ConclusionsIn this study, nonobese men with migraine exhibited increased levels of the sex hormone estradiol and showed clinical evidence of relative androgen deficiency. The role of estradiol in modulating migraine susceptibility and activity in men deserves further investigations.

Adoptive parenthood in the context of child and parents disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Jarosław Czapliński
Keyword(s):  
Adoptive Parents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Adoptive Parenthood ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Parents With Disabilities

The article presents selected issues regarding adoption and disability. The first part focuses on the theoretical definition of the concept of health and disability. Then, selected results of Polish and foreign research describing the stress and worries experienced by adoptive parents were analyzed, as well as satisfaction from the role of parent after adoption of a child with disability. The third part focuses on the formal and legal analysis of the possibilities of access to the adoption process by parents with disabilities.

Rock art as a source of the history of prehistory (An account to promote the understanding of prehistoric rock art)

Abgadiyat ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-35
Author(s):  
Hamdi Abbas Ahmed Abd-EI-Moniem
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Remote Past

Abstract Some may believe that the history of mankind begins with the appearance of writing only a few several thousands of years ago (cf. 4000-3000 BCE). Our history, however, extends beyond that date millions of years. The history of mankind, indeed, is deeply rooted in the remote past which is called 'prehistory'. With the lacking of any form of writing, this 'prehistoric' period can be examined directly solely by recourse to the study of archaeological remains. The purpose of this account is to introduce rock art to the readers and show the significant role of this sort of archaeological material in studying the history of mankind before the appearance of written records. The current work, therefore, is divided into three main sections: the first deals with definition of rock art and its nature; the second section is devoted to showing the significance of this aspect of material culture in exploring a long and mysterious period of the early history of man characterized by the complete absence of written records or historical documents; the third and last section, which is a vital and integral part of this work, comprises an explanatory pictorial record to promote the understanding of prehistoric rock art as a source of information needed for writing the history of prehistory.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of different regimens of testosterone gel therapy in men with androgen deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Kuzmenko ◽  
Timur A. Gyaurgiev ◽  
Yulia Yu. Bakutina ◽  
Alena Yu. Zarubayco
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Testosterone Deficiency ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Basic Therapy ◽  
Testosterone Gel ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Dose Dependent Effect

The results of androgen replacement therapy with the appointment of a transdermal gel with testosterone in patients with androgen deficiency were presented. 90 men with testosterone deficiency (12 nmol/L) and impaired erectile function were observed. The average age of patients was 58 5.2 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Patients of the 1st (control) group underwent basic behavioral therapy, the 2nd group received basic therapy with testosterone gel for a dose of 50 mg, the 3rd group received basic therapy with testosterone gel at a dose of 100 mg. The duration of treatment was 6 months. The use of testosterone in the form of a transdermal gel led to a significant increase in the content of total testosterone in both patients of the 2nd (50 mg) and 3rd groups (100 mg). A dose-dependent effect was noted, in patients of the 3rd group the level of testosterone was significantly higher than in patients 2nd group. An increase in testosterone was accompanied by a decrease in FSH and LH levels.

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