Іmmunological disorders and colonic dysbiosis in patients with biliary lesions in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity

Background. The microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis. The purpose of the research was to study the peculiarities of changes in immunological status and their relationship with colonic dysbiosis in patients with biliary lesions on the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity. Materials and methods. The study included 54 patients with type 2 DM and obesity of varying severity, who underwent a comprehensive examination. Two groups of those examined for type 2 DM and obesity were formed, depending on the type of lesion of the biliary system. Thus, group I included 24 patients with chronic acalculous cholecystitis, and group II consisted of 30 patients with gallstone disease. Results. The results of the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the colonic microflora indicate dysbiotic changes in patients with type 2 DM, obesity, and lesions of the biliary system. More pronounced disorders in the quantitative and qualitative composition of colonic microflora were diagnosed in patients of group II (with type 2 DM and obesity in combination with gallstone disease). The patients of group II significantly more often developed an increase in the number of Enterobacter (14.2 %; p < 0.05), Citrobacter (31.8 %; p < 0.01), Staphylococcus (16.7 %; p < 0.05), and Clostridium (11.8 %; p < 0.05) compared with the data of group I. More pronounced increase in all immunoglobulin parameters was found in patients with gallstone disease associated with type 2 DM and obesity. At the same time, the increase in IgA and IgG levels, which is indisputable evidence of activation of the humoral part of the body’s immunocompetent system, was found in patients with biliary lesions and type 2 DM and obesity. Conclusions. In patients with type 2 DM and obesity in combination with lesions of the biliary system (mainly gallstone disease), changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the colonic microflora (a decrease in the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and an increase in the concentration of Clostridium, Staphylococci, Proteus, and Klebsiella) were detected. Impairment of immunological status in patients with type 2 DM and obesity in combination with lesions of the biliary tract was diagnosed, which manifested in increased levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, IgG and a decrease in serum C3 and C4 in patients with gallstone disease. The increase in IgA and IgG directly depends on the change in the number of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, Proteus in the microbiological examination of feces in patients with type 2 DM and obesity in combination with the biliary system (mainly gallstone disease).

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Renoprotective opportunities of Lespedeza capitata in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus

KIDNEYS ◽

10.22141/2307-1257.10.3.2021.239594 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 162-168

Author(s):

S.V. Kushnirenko ◽

D.D. Ivanov ◽

S.A. Rotova ◽

О.V. Kushnirenko

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Antihypertensive Therapy ◽

Glucose Lowering ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Group I ◽

Ckd Stage ◽

Lespedeza Capitata ◽

Group Ii

Background. Today, issues of renoprotection have gone beyond the use of antihypertensive therapy alone. Stable glucose-lowering and urate-lowering therapy are integral parts of modern renoprotection, which improve the functional state of the kidneys by increasing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and reducing the albumin excretion rate (AER) and the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR). Nevertheless, hypoazotemic therapy aimed at reducing the content of nitrogenous wastes remains the leading component of the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the study is the assessment of the renoprotective potential of the drug Libera (Lespedeza capitata) in patients with CKD stages 2–3 on the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods. The study included 107 patients with type 2 DM, aged 19 to 75 years (female — 41.1 %, male — 58.9 %), CKD stages 2–3, micro- and macroalbuminuria (category A2 and A3). The patients were divided into two groups: group I — traditional stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy (n = 50) and group II — traditional stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy in combination with Libera (Lespedeza capitata) (n = 57), which was prescribed 1 capsule t.i.d. regardless of food intake for 3 months. The criteria for the effectiveness of treatment were dynamics of GFR, AER/ACR in daily urine. The observation period for the patients was 3 months. Results. The renoprotective potential of Lespedeza capitata (Libera) was demonstrated after 3 months of treatment in the form of a significant increase in GFR in patients with CKD stage 2 in group II up to 79.0 ± 1.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 in comparison with the initial data (p < 0.01) and the results obtained in group I after 3 months of using only traditional stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy (p < 0.05). The use of Libera in the complex treatment of patients of the II group with CKD stage 3 against the background of type 2 DM for 3 months had a positive effect on nitrogen and water excretory kidney function, which manifested itself in an improvement in GFR to 56.6 ± 2.1 ml/min/1.73 m2 in comparison with the initial data (p < 0.05) and the results obtained in group I — 50.8 ± 1.9 ml/min/1.73 m2 (p < 0.05). In group I with traditional stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy, only 3 patients (9.1 %) transferred from category A2 to category A1 (normoalbuminuria) after 3 months and 2 patients (11.8 %) from category A3 to category A2. In group II, the appointment of Lespedeza capitata (Libera) in combination with stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy facilitated the transfer of 10 patients (27.8 %) from category A2 to A1 and 7 patients (33.3 %) from category A3 to A2 (p < 0.001). Conclusions. Lespedeza capitata (Libera) in combination with traditional stable glucose-lowering and antihypertensive therapy contributes to the preservation and improvement of the filtration function of the kidneys, a decrease in AER/ACR in patients with CKD stage 2–3 (3a і 3b) against the background of type 2 DM and proves renoprotective efficiency and safety.

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Association of aspartate and alanine transaminases with dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed and long duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.12.6421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1711-1717

Author(s):

Nazish Waris ◽

Samina Bano ◽

Asher Fawwad ◽

Abdul Basit

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Group Iv ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Group Iii ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Dm Type 2

Objective: Association between alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) with newly diagnosed and known type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to estimate association of liver enzymes with lipid profile in type 2 DM subjects. Study Design: Prospective Clinical study. Setting: Karachi University with Collaboration of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology. Period: November 2018 to May 2019. Material & Methods: Total 100 people were divided into four groups; Group I: 25 healthy controls with normal glucose tolerance, Group II: 25 newly diagnosed DM, Group III: 25 known DM type 2 with <5years duration and Group IV: 25 known DM type 2 between 5-10 years duration. Baseline data was collected on predesigned questionnaire. Blood samples for biochemical parameters were analyzed using standardized laboratory techniques. Results: Group I mean age (years) was 50.78±2.34, group II 50.56±1.96, group III 50.37±1.46 and group IV 56±1.36. In Group I, ALT and AST were significantly correlated to each other’s. In group II, ALT was significantly correlated with AST, triglycerides and HDL-C, while AST correlated with ALT and HDL-C. In group III, ALT was significantly correlated with AST, while AST correlated to ALT, triglycerides and HbA1c. However, in group IV, ALT was significantly correlated with AST, LDL-C and HDL-C, and, AST with ALT, total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C. Conclusion: Elevated ALT and AST- the salient markers for disease of non-alcoholic fatty liver with deranged dyslipidemia were found in known type 2 DM as well as in newly diagnosed type 2 DM subjects.

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Study of the Osteoporotic Changes in Postmenopausal Women with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjnm.v18i1.34929 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 21-26

Author(s):

Ayesha Jahan ◽

Rokeya Begum ◽

Khaled Bin Shamsuddin

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Femoral Neck ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Introduction: Osteoporosis and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are common medical conditions in the society with an increasing prevalence in elderly people. Osteoporosis is more common in female than male and postmenopausal women are vulnerable to it. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the effect of type-2 diabetes mellitus on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women and, thereby, to evaluate the risk of osteoporosis in them. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at National institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS), BSMMU campus, Shahbagh, Dhaka, over a period of one year. 175 postmenopausal women were enrolled as study subjects, among them 72 (41.10%) were diabetic and rest 103 (59.90%) were nondiabetic and they were assigned as Group-I and Group-II respectively. The bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by central DEXA device at lumbar spines and left femoral neck of each study subject. Results: The mean (±SD) ages of group-I and group-II were 58.79 (±8.06) and 58.27 (±8.39) respectively with an age range of 45 to 75 years in both cases. A total of 30 (41.66%) patients in diabetic group (group-I) and 40 (38.83%) patients in non-diabetic (group-II) had osteoporosis at lumbar spines. On the other hand, 40 (56.94%) patients in group-I and 58 (56.31%) patients in group-II had osteoporosis at femoral neck. The Odds Ratios of osteoporosis for lumbar spines and femoral. neck were 1.125 and 1.026 respectively. The differences of frequencies of osteoporosis between group-I and group-II were not statistically significant at any anatomical site and the association between osteoporosis and type-2 diabetes mellitus was not significant. According to Odds Ratio type-2 diabetes mellitus was not a risk factor for developing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Postmenopausal women are prone to develop osteoporosis and type-2 diabetes mellitus may have adverse influence on osteoporosis, which was supported by few previous studies. This study could not establish any significant effect of type-2 diabetes mellitus on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 21-26, January 2015

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Autoantibody as markers of the heart state in patients with vibration disease burdened diabetes mellitus

Medical Immunology (Russia) ◽

10.15789/1563-0625-aam-1739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 311-318

Author(s):

L. B. Masnavieva ◽

I. V. Kudaeva ◽

Yu. A. Kuznetsova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

The State ◽

Myocardial Cells ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Vibration Disease ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Physical and chemical factors, obesity, lipid metabolism disorder, diabetes affect the state of the vascular endothelium, the processes of thrombus formation, fibrinolysis and increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. It can be assumed that the development and course of pathological processes in the cardiovascular system, caused by vibration disease with the onset of diabetes, will undergo changes. The purpose of the study was to assess the state of heart condition according to the level of specific autoantibodies with the combined effect of vibration disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with vibration disease (group I), patients with type 2 diabetes (group II) and persons with vibration disease in combination with type 2 diabetes (group III) were examined. Individuals do not have a history of coronary heart disease, stroke, and myocardial infarction have been included in obsledrovanie. Serum levels of specific autoantibodies characterizing the state of the heart have been studied. It was revealed that the content of autoantibodies to 1-adrenoreceptors in patients of group I was higher than in individuals of group II. The relative content of autoantibodies to the components of the membrane and cytoplasm of myocardial cells in patients of groups I-III did not differ. It was found that elevated levels of autoantibodies to components of the membrane and cytoplasm of myocardial cells, cardiomyosin, 1-adrenoreceptors were observed more often in patients with vibration disease combined with diabetes and in persons with vibration disease than in people with diabetes. Persons with a reduced content of autoantibodies to 1-adrenergic receptors were not detected among patients of groups I and III. Changes in the levels of specific autoantibodies in persons with vibration disease may indicate the development of functional metabolic and structural changes in the heart, disorders of its electrical activity that have not yet been manifested in the form of a pathological process. Lower levels of 1-adrenoceptor autoantibodies in patients with type 2 diabetes without vibration disease can be caused by increased levels of catecholamines, which is characteristic of diabetics. Further research, including clinical data and indicators of functional diagnostics is necessary to confirm our assumptions.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY AMONG METFORMIN WITH SITAGLIPTIN, METFORMIN WITH VOGLIBOSE, AND METFORMIN WITH GLIMEPIRIDE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i12.22050 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 313

Author(s):

Kala P ◽

Jamuna Rani R ◽

Kumar Js

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

P Value ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a most common metabolic disorder. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety among metformin with sitagliptin, metformin with voglibose, and metformin with glimepiride in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized clinical trial study, conducted in patients attending the diabetology outpatient department of SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Potheri, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, from January 2013 to January 2014. The patients were randomized into three groups with 40 patients in each group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hrs postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level were assessed in all the patients before starting the treatment. In Group I, patients were prescribed metformin 500 mg with sitagliptin 50 mg, in Group II, patients were given metformin 500 mg with voglibose 0.2 mg, and in Group III, patients were put on metformin 500 mg with glimepiride 1 mg in the fixed combination. The outcome of the therapy was based on the level of improvement in the blood parameters. Results: There was a significant reduction of FPG level seen in all three groups (p value - Group I <0.0001, Group II < 0.005, and Group III <0.0001). Group I and III showed significant reduction of PPG with p value <0.0001. There was a significant reduction of HbA1c seen in all the three groups (p<0.0001). Conclusion: From the results of this study, it could be concluded that all the three groups were comparable in their efficacy.

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THE ROLE OF BETA-BLOCKERS IN VETIANGINAL THERAPY IN THE CORRECTION OF VIOLATIONS OF THE AMINO ACID SPECTRUM IN PATIENTS WITH UNSTABLE ANGINA WITH CONCOMITANT DIABETES MELLITUS

PROBLEMS OF ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY ◽

10.21856/j-pep.2021.3.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

Tetiana Bohdan ◽

Viktor Lizogub ◽

Viktoriia Sobol ◽

Viktor Bohdan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Beta Blockers ◽

Control Group ◽

Isoleucine Leucine ◽

Compensatory Response ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Dm Type 2

The purpose of the study: to study the effect of bisoprolol and nebivolol on the spectrum of essential blood plasma AK in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 in order to optimize drug treatment of this pathology in the future.Material and methods. The study involved 70 patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2, which was divided into two groups: group I (37 patients) as part of basic antianginal therapy received bisoprolol, group II (33 patients) received nebivolol. The control group (CG) consisted of 18 healthy individuals. All patients were tested for irreplaceable blood plasma AA by ion exchange liquid chromatography on an automatic analyzer AK T-339 produced by «Microtechna» (Czech Republic, Prague) at the Institute of Biochemistry named after OV Palladin NAMS of Ukraine. The following essential AAs were identified: arginine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, phenylalanine. Examination of patients was performed at the beginning of treatment and after 20 days. Results. It was determined that in patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2 under the influence of antianginal therapy in both groups significantly decreased the total amount of irreplaceable AA compared with control group, indicating an increase in intracellular metabolism as a compensatory response in coronary circulation. It should be noted that in patients of group II, in contrast to patients of group I, under the influence of treatment the level of histidine remained normal. The level of threonine significantly decreased compared to CG and the rate of patients in group I, the level of valine significantly increased compared to pre-treatment, the level of isoleucine significantly decreased compared with CG and with the rate of patients of group I. Importantly, ammonia levels returned to normal under the influence of basic therapy, which included nebivolol.Conclusion. The dynamics of changes in the levels of individual irreplaceable AA blood plasma, due to the mechanisms of their metabolic transformations in patients with NA with concomitant DM type 2 indicates greater effectiveness of nebivolol and the feasibility of its prescription іn complex of a basic antianginal therapy.

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Indicators of microcirculation in patients with type 2 diabetes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy during therapy with various doses of vitamin D

Regional blood circulation and microcirculation ◽

10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-4-19-28 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 19-28

Author(s):

A. P. Stepanova ◽

T. L. Karonova ◽

M. M. Galagoudza

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Functional Tests ◽

Disability Score ◽

Doppler Flowmetry ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Aim of the study. To study the effect of therapy with prophylactic and supraphysiological doses of cholecalciferol on skin microcirculation (MC) indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (T2DM with DPN).Material and methods. The study included 62 participants with T2DM with DPN (according to the Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS) scale, more than 4 points). By the method of consecutive numbers, patients were randomized into two groups: Group I (n=31, 15 men/16 women, 52.4±5.7 years) and Group II (n=31, 16 men/15 women, 51.4±6.1 years). Antihyperglycemic treatment was stable during the study. For 24 weeks, cholecalciferol participants from Group I received once a week at a dose of 5,000 IU, and from Group II - once a week at a dose of 40,000 IU. Body mass index (BMI), serum levels of 25(OH)D (25-hydroxycalciferol) and serum glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were evaluated before and after 24 weeks of taking cholecalciferol. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) compared the initial and final indicators of the baseline level of blood flow and microcirculation indicators against the background of functional tests (postural and occlusive). Control measurements of LDF parameters were performed on 16 subjects without revealed diabetes mellitus (8 men/8 women, 51.8±3.7 years).Results. Patients from Group II, after 24 weeks of taking supraphysiological doses of cholecalciferol, against the background of 100% normalization of the serum 25(OH)D level, significantly improved the parameters of skin MC and functional tests, HbA1c and BMI decreased.Conclusions. Acceptance of high doses of cholecalciferol for 24 weeks has been associated with an improvement in the parameters of glycaemia and indicators of cutaneous MC in patients with T2DM with DPN.

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Comparative Effects of Cane Sugar, Honey & Jaggery on Plasma Glucose Level & Body Weight of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

Proceedings of Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex Lahore - October to December ◽

10.47489/pszmc-807-35-3-44-49 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 44-49

Author(s):

Ambreen Anjum

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Weight ◽

Cane Sugar ◽

Serum Glucose ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Group I ◽

Body Weights ◽

Group Ii

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia with impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins resulting from insufficiency of secretion or action of insulin. The interplay of genes and environmental factors is believed to stress glucose homeostasis. Simple dietary and lifestyle modifications have a role in prevention and slow progression of the disease. The choice and role of sweeteners (sugars) such as ordinary cane sugar, honey, and jaggery have always been a difficult decision for patients with Type 2 diabetes. Aims & Objectives: Evaluation and comparison of the effects of cane sugar, honey, and jaggery on plasma glucose in the sera and body weights of alloxan-induced male Wistar rats with diabetes. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at the animal house of Services Institute of Medical Sciences Lahore for a duration of 20 months approximately. Material & Methods: In this experimental study 120 male Wistar (albino) rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 30 each. After acclimatization, freshly prepared 2% alloxan monohydrate was administered to all the rats via intraperitoneal injection in a single dose of 120mg/kg body weight. Blood sample via tail tipping method was analyzed for fasting serum glucose at 4th post-diabetes induction day. Rodents having ? 200mg/dl serum glucose were regarded as type 2 diabetes models for further study. All animals had access to usual pelleted diet ad libitum. Diabetic controls in group I were fed with equivalent amount of distilled water. Group II, III and IV rats were fed freshly prepared sweetener containing cane sugar, honey and jaggery solutions respectively in a dose of 1g/kg body weight dissolved in 2ml distilled water on pre-scheduled time of the day for 28 days via oral syringe-dosing. Final serum glucose was estimated at 29th day of study by terminal blood sampling and final body weights were recorded. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results: Group III (honey fed) rats had least hyperglycemia of 34.53±77.31mg/dL, followed by group II (cane sugar fed) rats (79.31±73.03 mg/dL) then group I diabetic control rats (88.11±92.56mg/dL) and maximal rise in jaggery fed rats with value of 134.50 mg/dL. Significant reduction (p=0.049) in body weight (-40.50g) was noted in group II rats whereas maximum weight gain occurred in group I (127.57 ±72.475), than those of group IV rats (69.13 ± 92.88) followed by II rats (38.42±89.43). Conclusion: The result demonstrates that honey in type 2 diabetes mellitus possess antidiabetic properties via minimum hyperglycemic and weight gaining effects than processed cane sugar. As it was presumed, minimally processed jaggery has not shown significant beneficial effects on serum glucose and body weight. Owing to the advantageous effects on metabolic profile, honey may be regarded as a relatively safer sweetener in diabetics.

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Thyroid Hormonal Status in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjnm.v20i1.36851 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Mohammad Shameem Al Mamun ◽

Nurun Nahar ◽

Mohammad Simoon Salekin ◽

Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Fasting Blood Sugar ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Hormonal Status ◽

Thyroid Disorder ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction are the two most common endocrinopathies seen in general population. The study was done to determine whether there is any co-occurence of thyroid hormonal status alternating in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients and Methods: This Cross-sectional study which was carried out at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences and outpatient Department (OPD) of Endocrinology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka during the period January 2015 to July 2016. A total of 98 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients (Group I) and 98 healthy individuals (Group II) were enrolled in this study purposively. After taking written consent, history of the study subjects was taken and clinical checkup was done. Age of the subjects of both the group were 30 years and above. Glycemic status of both the group was assessed by measuring fasting blood sugar, blood sugar two hours after 75 gm oral glucose and blood for HbA1C. Patients with type 1 and other form of diabetes mellitus and any condition that may impair glycemic control were excluded from the study. Thyroid hormonal status of both the group was evaluated by measuring patients’ serum TSH by Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA) and serum FT3 and serum FT4 by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) method in NINMAS. All the data were digitized and analyzed using SPSS – 22.0 software.Results: In this study, mean age of the patients was 46.0 ± 9.7 years and 45.5 ± 7.7 years in group I and group II respectively. Male female ratio was 1:1.45 in group I and 1:1.08 in group II. Fasting blood sugar, blood sugar two hours after 75 gm oral glucose and HbA1c were significantly higher in group I than that of group II. Mean TSH, FT3 and FT4 were 2.37 ± 3.86 mIU/L, 6.35 ± 2.41 pmol/L and 15.79 ± 5.41 pmol/L respectively in group I whereas 2.28 ± 2.67 mIU/L, 6.59 ± 1.83 pmol/L and 16.25 ± 3.46 pmol/L respectively in group II. But there was no statistical significant difference between group I and group II. In group I, sixteen patients had thyroid disorder (seven had hyperthyroidism and nine had hypothyroidism). In group II, five patients had thyroid disorder (two had hyperthyroidism and three had hypothyroidism). The difference was statistically significant. Fasting blood sugar positively correlated with TSH, FT3 and FT4 in group I, similarly HbA1c correlated with TSH and FT4 but not with FT3 in group I.Conclusion: Thyroid disorder was 16.3% in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and 5.1% in normal individuals.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 20(1): 27-31, January 2017

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Heart rate variability and increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1412109p ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (12) ◽

pp. 1109-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Biljana Pencic-Popovic ◽

Vera Celic ◽

Zoran Cosic ◽

Milena Pavlovic-Kleut ◽

Zorica Caparevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Frequency Domain ◽

Time Domain ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Frequency Domain Analysis ◽

Elevated Risk ◽

Group I ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Group Ii

Background/Aim. To our knowledge there are no data about the relationship between elevated risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and altered cardiac autonomic function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between heart rate variability (HRV) and slightly increased risk for DM2. Methods. We evaluated 69 subjects (50.0 ? 14.4 years; 30 male) without DM2, coronary artery disease and arrhythmias. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC): group I (n = 39) included subjects with 12 > FINDRISC ? 7; group II (n = 30) subjects with FINDRISC < 7. HRV was derived from 24-h electrocardiogram. We used time domain variables and frequency domain analysis performed over the entire 24-h period, during the day (06-22 h) and overnight (22-06 h). Results. Standard deviation of the average normal RR intervals was significantly lower in the group with increased risk for DM2 compared to the group II (127.1 ? 26.6 ms vs 149.6 ? 57.6 ms; p = 0.035). Other time domain measures were similar in both groups. The group I demonstrated significantly reduced frequency domain measures, total power - TP (7.2 ? 0.3 ln/ms2 vs 7.3 ? 0.3 ln/ms2; p = 0.029), and low frequency - LF (5.9 ? 0.4 ln/ms2 vs 6.3 ? 0.6 ln/ms2; p = 0.006), over entire 24 h, as well as TP (7.1 ? 0.3 ln/ms2 vs 7.3 ? 0.3 ln/ms2; p = 0.004), very low frequency (6.2 ? 0.2 ln/ms2 vs 6.3 ? 0.2 ln/ms2; p = 0.030), LF (5.9 ? 0.4 ln/ms2 vs 6.2 ? 0.3 ln/ms2; p = 0.000) and high frequency (5.7 ? 0.4 ln/ms2 vs 5.9 ? 0.4 ln/ms2; p = 0.011) during the daytime compared to the group II. Nocturnal frequency domain analysis was similar between the groups. The low diurnal frequency was independently related to elevated risk for diabetes mellitus (beta = -0,331; p = 0.006). Conclusion. The obtained results suggest that even slightly elevated risk for developing diabetes mellitus may be related to impaired HRV.

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