scholarly journals Thành phần flavonoid và hoạt tính kháng viêm của cây cam thảo nam Scoparia dulcis

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Nhat Trinh ◽  
Tong Thanh Danh ◽  
Le Tien Dung
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis

Cam thảo nam (Scoparia dulcis) được sử dụng trong điều trị các bệnh về đường tiêu hóa, đái tháo đường, cao huyết áp, bảo vệ gan... Nghiên cứu này trình bày kết quả về hoạt tính kháng viêm của cao chiết và quá trình phân lập chất từ lá cam thảo nam. Bằng các phương pháp sắc ký, hai flavonoid đã được phân lập và xác định cấu trúc hóa học là apigenin 7-O-rutinoside  và isoquercitrin. Trên mô hình kháng viêm thông qua ức chế việc tạo thành nitric oxide, cao chiết cồn tổng, cao phân đoạn ethyl acetate, methanol có tác dụng kháng viêm.

Anti-inflammatory assessment of 3-Acetylmyricadiol in LPS-Stimulated Raw 264.7 Macrophages

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gazanfar Ahmad ◽  
Reyaz Hassan ◽  
Neerupma Dhiman ◽  
Asif Ali
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Background: Pentacyclic triterpenoids are a biologically active class of phytoconstituents with diverse pharmacological activity including anti-inflammatory action. Objective: In the current study, we isolated 3-Acetylmyricadiol, a pentacyclic triterpenoid, from the ethyl acetate bark-extract of Myrica esculenta and evaluated it for anti-inflammatory potential. Methods: The ethyl acetate bark-extract of the M. esculenta was subjected to column chromatography to isolate 3-Acetylmyricadiol. MTT assay was performed to check cell viability. The production of proinflammatory mediators like Nitric oxide, IL-6, TNF-α was observed after administration of 5, 10, 20 μM of 3-Acetylmyricadiol in LPS-activated Raw 246.7 macrophages by the reported methods. Results: MTT assay indicated more than 90% cell viability up to 20 μM of 3-Acetylmyricadiol. The administration of 3-Acetylmyricadiol inhibited the production of Nitric oxide, IL-6, TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner significantly in comparison to LPS treated cells. The maximum effect was observed at 20 μM of 3-Acetylmyricadiol which resulted in 52.37, 63.10, 55.37 % inhibition of Nitric oxide, IL-6, TNF-α respectively. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory action of 3-Acetylmyricadiol and can serve as a potential candidate in the development of the clinically efficient anti-inflammatory molecule.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory constituents from Scoparia dulcis L

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 381-387
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nur-e-Alam ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Shabana I Khan ◽  
Ramzi A Mothana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Scoparia dulcis L. is one of the edible widely distributed Scropholariaceae species in Asia, Africa and America. It is used in the treatment of respiratory and inflammatory diseases, diabetes, hypertension, cancer, hepatitis and tuberculosis. A phytochemical investigation on S. dulcis led to the isolation of two new acyclic diterpenes Acetic acid 6-hydroxy-2-(6-hydroxy-4-methyl-hex-4-enylidene)-4,8-dimethyl-undeca-4,8-dienyl ester (1) and Acetic acid 8-hydroxy-2-(6-hydroxy-4-methyl-hex-4-enylidene)-6,10-dimethyl-undeca-5,9-dienyl ester (2) in addition to eight known compounds (3–10), namely scopadulciol (3), 4- epi-scopadulcic acid B (4), dulcidiol (5), scopadulcic acid B (6), hymenoxin (7), glutinol (8), eupatilin (9) and 5-demethylnobiletin (10). The structures elucidation was performed using spectroscopic means, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrum spectrometric analysis. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity through the determination of inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activity in human chondrosarcoma (SW1353) cells, the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) and the decrease in cellular oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity was investigated against four cancer and two kidney cell lines. Among the isolates, 3, 5 and 10 showed anti-inflammatory activity in terms of inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Compounds 3–5 were the most cytotoxic towards cancer cell lines (IC50: 3.8 µM to 42.3 µM) followed by 10 (IC50: 30.9- > 64.4 µM). Cytotoxicity of compounds 3–5 was comparable to the activity of doxorubicin.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Hydrogen Peroxide, Nitric Oxide and TNF-α Production in Peritoneal Macrophages by Ethyl Acetate Fraction from Alchornea glandulosa

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1726-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Cristine Mascia Lopes ◽  
Tamara Regina Calvo ◽  
Wagner Vilegas ◽  
Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory Activity of Phyllanthus maderaspatensis in LPS-Stimulated Mouse Macrophage RAW 264.7 Cells

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Uoorakkottil Ilyas ◽  
Deepshikha P. Katare ◽  
Punnoth Poonkuzhi Naseef ◽  
Mohamed Saheer Kuruniyan ◽  
Muhammed Elayadeth-Meethal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mouse Macrophage ◽  
Significant Stimulatory Effect

Phyllanthus species (Family Euphorbiaceae) has been used in traditional medicine of several countries as a cure for numerous diseases, including jaundice and hepatitis. This study is an attempt to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of various fractions, column eluents of ethyl acetate fraction, and their polyphenols. Phyllanthus maderaspatensis were standardized using high-performance liquid chromatography to identify and quantify polyphenols, and purification of polyphenols was carried out using vacuum liquid chromatography. Subsequently, we tested various fractions, column eluents of ethyl acetate fraction, and polyphenols in vitro to assess their impact on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The ethyl acetate fraction (100 μg mL−1) had a more significant stimulatory effect on LPS-stimulated NO production by the RAW 264.7 cells. We found that the ethyl acetate fraction contains a high amount of catechin, quercetin, ellagic acid kaempferol, and rutin, which are responsible for immunomodulation. The ethyl acetate fraction at concentrations of 25 and 50 μg mL−1 had a significant inhibitory effect and 100 μg mL−1 had a more significant stimulatory effect when compared with the LPS control. The percentage of inhibition by LPS control ranged from zero percentage, kaempferol ranged from 45.4% at 50 μg mL−1 to 41.88% at 100 μg mL−1, catechin ranged from 50% at 50 μg mL−1 to 35.28% at 100 μg mL−1, rutin ranged from 36.2% at 50 μg mL−1 to 47.44% at 100 μg mL−1, gallic acid ranged from 28.4% at 50 μg mL−1 to 50.9% at 100 μg mL−1, ellagic acid ranged from 45.12% at 50 μg mL−1 to 38.64% at 100 μg mL−1, and purified quercetin ranged from 26.2% at 50 μg mL−1to 45.48% at 100 μg mL−1. As NO plays an important role in the immune function, polyphenols’ treatment could modulate several aspects of host defense mechanisms owing to the stimulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase.

scholarly journals Ergosterol of Cordyceps militaris Attenuates LPS Induced Inflammation in BV2 Microglia Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeranjini Nallathamby ◽  
Lee Guan-Serm ◽  
Sharmili Vidyadaran ◽  
Sri Nurestri Abd Malek ◽  
Jegadeesh Raman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
No Production ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Bv2 Cells ◽  
Bv2 Microglia

Different solvent extracts of Cordyceps militaris stroma powder were tested for cell viability and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggered BV2 microglia cells. Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction resulted in an enriched ergosterol sub-fraction CE3. The BV2 cells showed no cytotoxic effects when treated with the ethyl acetate fraction and sub-fraction CE3 at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL – 100 μg/mL compared with the control. At 10 μg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction and sub-fraction CE3 had the highest reduction of 48.0% and 44.7% of nitric oxide production, respectively. The major compound in sub-fraction CE3 was ergosterol, identified by GCMS, and the purity was checked by HPLC. Further, the reduction of nitric oxide in LPS triggered BV2 cells was about three fold higher when compared with the control commercial ergosterol.

Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Clerodendrum paniculatum Leaf on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Toxicity Model in Swiss Albino Rats and Its Characterization by GC-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1097-1109
Author(s):  
Remya Kopilakkal ◽  
Balamurali M. Musuvathi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Serum Glutamate

Background: Clerodendrum paniculatum has ethnomedicinal importance in treatment of disorders like wound, typhoid, jaundice, malaria and anemia. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of Clerodendrum paniculatum leaves against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rat model and identification of its bioactive constituents by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC MS). Methods: Successive solvent extraction was carried out. Total phenolic, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity by 2,2- diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide and 2-Azino-bis [3-ethyl benzothiazoline- 6-sufonic acid] (ABTS method) were done. Ethyl acetate extract was selected for hepatoprotective study in carbon tetrachloride intoxicated model followed by the measurement of liver function marker enzymes such as SGOT (Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase), SGPT (Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase), and ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase). Biochemical parameters like bilirubin and protein were measured. Histopathologic liver sections were carried out. Bioactive constituents were evaluated by GC MS. Results: By DPPH and ABTS method, ethyl acetate extract showed IC50 as 70.14±0.92 μg/ml,2958.24±2.460 μg/ml, respectively. The alcoholic extract showed maximum IC50 (197.22 ±7.16 μg/ml) by Nitric oxide radical scavenging method. Hepatoprotective study reveals that intoxicated animal groups have elevated levels of enzymes and bilirubin and suppress the production of protein. The extract pre-treatment showed a significant decrease in enzymes and increased production of total protein in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathologic studies also support the hepatoprotective activity. GC MS analysis revealed the presence of seven major bioactive constituents with ethyl palmitate as the major one. Conclusion: The results support the proof for the hepatoprotective potential of the CPLE extract with potent antioxidant activity and enhanced liver enzyme level. The observed activity could be due to the presence of bioactive compounds as identified by GC MS analysis.

Study of Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and DNA Damage Protecting Activities of Cinnamomum cassia Extracts Obtained by Sequential Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Kianpour Rad ◽  
Abolfazl Movafagh
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antiproliferative Effect ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) is an evergreen tree in China and southern and eastern Asia. In traditional medicine, cinnamon is widely used due to its many bioactivity effects. Objective: The aim of the present novel study is to evaluate and make comparison of antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of different extractions of C. cassia bark using seven solvents having different polarities. Solvents polarity gradients start with the solvent of lower polarity, n-hexane and end with water as the highest polar solvent. Among the extracts, acetone extract contains the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents; therefore it is assessed for the ability to protect DNA from damage. Methods: The extracts are evaluated for total phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities, using FRAP, DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals scavenging assays. DNA damage protecting activity of the acetone extract is studied with comet assay. Each of the extracts is studied for its antiproliferative effect against, MCF-7, MDAMB- 231(breast cancer) and HT29 (colon cancer), using MTT assay. Results: The acetone extract exhibited the highest FRAP value, phenolic and flavonoids contents when compared to the other extracts and could protect 45% mouse fibroblast cell line (3T3-L1) from DNA damage at 30 μg/ml. The lowest IC50 value in DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging was noticed in ethyl acetate extract. IC50 value obtained for the hexane extract was the lowest compared to the other extracts in scavenging nitric oxide radicals. The hexane extract showed the highest antiproliferative effect against cancer cells followed by the chloroform extract. The ethyl acetate extract inhibited the proliferation of only MCF-7 by IC50 of 100 μg/ml, while the other extracts exhibited no IC50 in all the cancer cells. Conclusions: C. cassia shows promise antioxidant and anticancer activities with significant DNA damage protecting effect.

scholarly journals Comparative Antioxidant Potential of Different Extracts of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatema Tuz Zohera ◽  
Md Razibul Habib ◽  
Mohammad Zafar Imam ◽  
Md Ehsanul Hoque Mazumder ◽  
Md Sohel Rana
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Celastrus Paniculatus

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the comparative antioxidant potential of methanol, ethyl acetate, pet ether and water extracts of Celastrus paniculatus seed. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using total phenol and flavonoid content determination assays, total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical assay, Reducing power assessment, Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay and Cupric ion reducing capacity assay (CUPRAC method). The extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner. The extracts were found to contain phenolics and flavonoid compounds. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, ethyl acetate extract had the lowest IC50 value (585.58μg/ml) compared to ascorbic acid. In nitric oxide scavenging assay IC50 value was found to be 122.99μg/ml, 320.54μg/ml, 601.81μg/ml and 206.37μg/ml respectively for the Water, Methanol, Ethyl Acetate and Pet Ether extracts compared to 6.83μg/ml which was the IC50 value for the reference ascorbic acid. The extracts also showed good reducing power. The results of the present study indicate that the extracts possesses significant antioxidant potential of which ethyl acetate extract is the most promising one and possess highest antioxidant potential. Key Words: Celastrus paniculatus; antioxidant; DPPH; NO scavenging; CUPRAC; ROS. DOI: 10.3329/sjps.v3i1.6802S. J. Pharm. Sci. 3(1): 68-74

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