scholarly journals PEMODELAN DAERAH TANGKAPAN AIR WADUK KELILING DENGAN MODEL SWAT (Keliling Reservoir Catchment Area Modeling Using SWAT Model)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Teuku Ferijal ◽  
Siti Mechram ◽  
Dewi Sri Jayanti ◽  
Purnama Satriyo
Keyword(s):  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Sensitive Parameters ◽  
Deviation Ratio ◽  
Standard Deviation Ratio

This study aimed to model watershed area of Keliling Reservoir using SWAT model. The reservoir is located in Aceh Besar District, Province of Aceh. The model was setup using 90m x 90m digital elevation model, land use data extracted from remote sensing data and soil characteristic obtained from laboratory analysis on soil samples. Model was calibrated using observed daily reservoir volume and the model performance was analyzed using RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and percent bias (PBIAS). The model delineated the study area into 3,448 Ha having 13 subwatersheds and 76 land units (HRUs). The watershed is mostly covered by forest (53%) and grassland (31%). The analysis revealed the 10 most sensitive parameters i.e. GW_DELAY, CN2, REVAPMN, ALPHA_BF, SOL_AWC, GW_REVAP, GWQMN, CH_K2 and ESCO. Model performances were categorized into very good for monthly reservoir volume with ENS 0.95, RSR 0.23, and PBIAS 2.97. The model performance decreased when it used to analyze daily reservoir inflow with ENS 0.55, RSR 0.67, and PBIAS 3.46.Keywords: Keliling Reservoir, SWAT, Watershed ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk memodelkan daerah tangkapan air Waduk Keliling dengan menggunakan Model SWAT. Waduk Keliling terletak di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, Propinsi Aceh. Dalam penelitian ini Model SWAT dikembangkan berdasarkan data digital elevasi model resolusi 90 m x90 m, tata guna lahan yang diperoleh dari intepretasi citra satelit dan data soil dari hasil analisa sampel tanah yang diperoleh di daerah penelitian. Model dikalibrasi dengan data volume waduk dan kinerja model dianalisa menggunakan parameter rasio akar rata-rata kuadrat error dan standard deviasi observasi (RSR), efesiensi Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) dan persentase bias (PBIAS). Hasil deleniasi untuk daerah penelitian menghasilkan suatu DAS dengan luas 3,448 Ha dan memiliki 13 Sub DAS yang dikelompokkan menjadi 76 unit lahan. Sebagian besar wilayah study ditutupi oleh hutan (53%), dan pandang rumput (31%). Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa 10 parameter model yang sangat mempengaruhi debit adalah GW_DELAY, CN2, REVAPMN, ALPHA_BF, SOL_AWC, GW_REVAP, GWQMN, CH_K2 dan ESCO. Kinerja model sangat baik dalam memprediksikan volume tampungan waduk bulanan dengan nilai ENS 0,95, RSR 0,23, dan PBIAS 2,97. Namun, kinerja model menurun ketika mensimulasikan debit inflow harian dengan nilai-nilai ENS 0,55, RSR 0,67, dan PBIAS 3,46.Kata kunci: Waduk Keliling, SWAT, Daerah Tangkapan Air

scholarly journals Evaluation of the SWAT model performance for simulating river discharge in the Himalayan and tropical basins of Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangam Shrestha ◽  
Manish Shrestha ◽  
Pallav Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Resources Planning ◽  
Deviation Ratio ◽  
Standard Deviation Ratio

Abstract This study evaluated the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model performance for 11 basins located in two contrasting climatic regions of Asia: the Himalayan and the Southeast Asian tropics. A large variation existed among the case study basins in relation to basin size (330–78,529 km2), topography (377–4,310 metres above sea level) and annual rainfall (1,273–2,500 mm). Performance of the model was evaluated using R2 and wR2 for a low discharge event; Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), R2 and RMSE-observation standard deviation ratio (RSR) for high discharge events; and NSE, R2, PBIAS, RSR, NSErel and wR2 for the overall hydrographs. SWAT was found to be suitable for both climatic regions but yielded better performance in the Himalayan basins (NSE 0.72–0.81 at calibration) compared to the tropical basins (NSE 0.36–0.72 at calibration). Although most of the models underperformed in either low or high discharge events, a few of those remaining showed a balance between the extremes, proving that it is possible to achieve a balanced hydrograph with the SWAT model. The consistency of model performance across numerous Himalayan and tropical basins in the area confirmed the versatility and reliability of SWAT as a hydrological model and suitable tool for water resources planning and management.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOIL TYPE IN STREAM FLOW AND RUNOFF MODELED FOR THE UPPER DIDESSA CATCHMENT SOUTHWEST ETHIOPIA USING SWAT MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisu Befekadu Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Water Assessment

This study aimed to model the flow of streams and identify the sub-basins responsible for the high flow in the Didessa watershed, southwest Ethiopia, considering the regional soils types. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate stream flow and quantify surface runoff. The input data used were Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land use/land cover map, soil map and metrological data. The data were obtained from Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity and National Meteorology Agency of Ethiopia. Simulation of SWAT was used to identify the most vulnerable sub-basins to the hydrological process. The model was calibrated and validated using the stream flow data. The simulated stream flow was calibrated by the SWAT-CUP2012 calibration sub-model of SWAT-CUP SUFI2. Sensitivity analysis showed that curve numbers (CN2), ALPHA-BNK and CH-K2 are the most sensitive top three parameters. The R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values were used to examine the model performance. The results indicate 0.84 and 0.80 for R2 and 0.65 and 0.54 for NSE during calibration and validation, respectively. The average annual surface runoff in the delineated catchment was 774.13 mm. Changes in precipitation explained 89% of the variation in surface runoff, as more than 89% of precipitation from the catchment converted to surface runoff. The most three annual surface runoffs contributing were the 11, 23 and 5 sub-basins. INFLUÊNCIA DO TIPO DE SOLO NO FLUXO DE CÓRREGOS PARA A BACIA SUPERIOR DO RIO DIDESSA, SUDOESTE DA ETIÓPIA UTILIZANDO O MODELO SWATResumoEste estudo teve como objetivo modelar o fluxo de córregos e identificar as sub-bacias responsáveis pelo alto fluxo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Didessa, sudoeste da Etiópia, considerando os tipos de solos regionais. O modelo SWAT (Solo and Water Assessment Tool) foi utilizado para simular o fluxo da corrente e quantificar o escoamento superficial. Os dados de entrada utilizados foram o Modelo Digital de Elevação (DEM), mapa de uso / cobertura do solo, mapa do solo e dados metrológicos. Os dados foram obtidos no Ministério da Água, Irrigação e Eletricidade e Agência Nacional de Meteorologia da Etiópia. A simulação do SWAT foi utilizada para identificar as sub-bacias mais vulneráveis ao processo hidrológico. O modelo foi calibrado e validado usando os dados de fluxo dos córregos. O fluxo de corrente simulado foi calibrado pelo submodelo de calibração SWAT-CUP2012, do SWAT-CUP SUFI2. A análise de sensibilidade mostrou que os números da curva (CN2), ALPHA-BNK e CH-K2 são os três principais parâmetros mais sensíveis. Os valores de R2 e Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) foram usados para examinar o desempenho do modelo. Os resultados indicam 0,84 e 0,80 para R2 e 0,65 e 0,54 para NSE durante a calibração e validação, respectivamente. O escoamento superficial médio anual na bacia hidrográfica foi de 774,13 mm. Mudanças na precipitação explicaram 89% da variação no escoamento superficial, pois mais de 89% da precipitação da bacia foi convertida em escoamento superficial. As sub-bacias 11, 23 e 5 foram as que mais contribuíram para os fluxos superficiais anuais da Bacia do Rio Didessa. Palavras-chave: Tipo de solo. Análise sensitiva. Fluxo de córregos. Swat-Cup. Bacia Superior do Rio.

New methodical approaches to mapping of geosystems (by the example of Baikalian Siberia’s geosystems)

2018 ◽  
Vol 937 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
North Asia ◽  
Elevation Model

The article considers a new approach to landscape mapping based on the synthesis of remote sensing data of high and medium spatial resolution, a digital elevation model, maps of various thematic contents, a set of global climate data, and materials of field research. The map of the Baikalian’s Siberia geosystems is based on the principles of the multistage regional-typological and structural-dynamic classification of geosystems proposed by Academician V.B. Sochava. The structure of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia is characterized by great complexity, both in the set of natural complexes and in the degree of their contrast. The regional classification range covers the geosystems inherent in different subcontinents of Asia and reflects their interpenetration, being a unique landscape-situational example of Siberian nature within North Asia. The map of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia reflects the main structural and dynamic diversity of geosystems in the region in the systems of their geographic and genetic spatial structures. These landscape cartographic studies fit into a single system of geographic forecasting and create a new fundamental scientific basis for developing recommendations for optimizing nature management in the Baikal region within the framework of implementing state environmental policy.

Estimating the ice thickness of the Müller Ice Cap using an inversion of the shallow ice approximation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Sofie Priergaard Zinck ◽  
Aslak Grinsted
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Mean Squared Errors ◽  
Ice Caps ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Regression Parameters ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

<p><span>The ice thickness of the Müller Ice Cap, Arctic Canada, is estimated using regression parameters obtained from an inversion of the shallow ice approximation by the use of a single Operation IceBridge flight line in combination with the glacier outline, surface slope, and elevation. The model is compared with an iterative inverse method of estimating the bedrock topography using PISM as a forward model. In both models the surface elevation is given by the Arctic Digital Elevation Model. The root mean squared errors of the ice thickness on the ice cap is 131 m and 139 m for the shallow ice inversion and the PISM model, respectively. Including the outlet glaciers increases the root mean squared errors to 136 m and 396 m, respectively. </span></p><p><span>The simplicity of the shallow ice inversion model, combined with the good results and the fact that only remote sensing data is needed, means that there is a possibility of applying this model in a global glacier thickness estimate by using the Randolph Glacier Inventory. Most global glacier estimates only provide the volume and not the ice thickness of the glaciers. Hence, global ice thickness models is of great importance in quantifying the potential contribution of sea level rise from the glaciers and ice caps around the globe. </span></p>

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Assessment of Soil Erosion Susceptibility in a Head Catchment of the Jemma Basin, Ethiopian Highlands

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariaelena Cama ◽  
Calogero Schillaci ◽  
Jan Kropáček ◽  
Volker Hochschild ◽  
Alberto Bosino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Entropy Model ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Susceptibility Maps ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Color Composite

Soil erosion represents one of the most important global issues with serious effects on agriculture and water quality, especially in developing countries, such as Ethiopia, where rapid population growth and climatic changes affect widely mountainous areas. The Meskay catchment is a head catchment of the Jemma Basin draining into the Blue Nile (Central Ethiopia) and is characterized by high relief energy. Thus, it is exposed to high degradation dynamics, especially in the lower parts of the catchment. In this study, we aim at the geomorphological assessment of soil erosion susceptibilities. First, a geomorphological map was generated based on remote sensing observations. In particular, we mapped three categories of landforms related to (i) sheet erosion, (ii) gully erosion, and (iii) badlands using a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). The map was validated by a detailed field survey. Subsequently, we used the three categories as dependent variables in a probabilistic modelling approach to derive the spatial distribution of the specific process susceptibilities. In this study we applied the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt). The independent variables were derived from a set of spatial attributes describing the lithology, terrain, and land cover based on remote sensing data and DEMs. As a result, we produced three separate susceptibility maps for sheet and gully erosion as well as badlands. The resulting susceptibility maps showed good to excellent prediction performance. Moreover, to explore the mutual overlap of the three susceptibility maps, we generated a combined map as a color composite where each color represents one component of water erosion. The latter map yields useful information for land-use managers and planning purposes.

scholarly journals Landscape Sustainability Evaluation of Ecologically Fragile Areas Based on Boltzmann Entropy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Xu ◽  
Xiaoying Liang ◽  
Hai Chen
Keyword(s):  
Configurational Entropy ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Landscape Sustainability ◽  
Boltzmann Entropy ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Evaluation Matrix

From the perspective of landscape, it is important to evaluate the landscape sustainability of ecologically fragile areas and explore temporal and spatial evolution laws to promote their sustainable development. Presently, most studies on the analysis of landscape Boltzmann entropy (also called configurational entropy) are based on a single landscape, and most of these studies are theoretical discussions. However, there are few case studies on landscape ecology. The main objectives of this paper are to explore a quantitative relationship between Boltzmann entropy and landscape sustainability, to propose a method for evaluating landscape sustainability based on Boltzmann entropy, and to evaluate the sustainability of diverse landscapes in Mizhi County, Shaanxi Province, China. This article uses digital elevation model (DEM) data with a spatial resolution of 30 m in Mizhi County. The remote sensing data on Mizhi County from 2000 were obtained by the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) + sensor, and the high-resolution image of Mizhi County from 2015 was obtained by the Gaofen-1 satellite. In this article, the subbasins are taken as the evaluation unit, and the Boltzmann entropy of Mizhi County is calculated based on the experts’ scoring of landscape sustainability in the study area. Through the analysis of landscape sustainability results from 216 subbasins in Mizhi County in 2000 and 2015, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the evaluation matrix proposed in this paper is effective, and the Boltzmann entropy obtained by this method can directly reflect the level of landscape sustainability; (2) during the research period, the landscape sustainability of Mizhi County showed a good trend overall, especially the three townships of Taozhen, Shadian, and Shigou, which were significantly improved, and these findings were consistent with the field investigation; (3) on the spatial level, the landscape sustainability of mid-eastern Mizhi County is relatively poor compared to that in other regions, but the sustainability is also slowly increasing.

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of the DEM resolution and effective parameters of runoff yield in the SWAT model: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nazari-Sharabian ◽  
Masoud Taheriyoun ◽  
Moses Karakouzian
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reduce Computation Time

Abstract This study investigates the impact of different digital elevation model (DEM) resolutions on the topological attributes and simulated runoff, as well as the sensitivity of runoff parameters in the Mahabad Dam watershed in Iran. The watershed and streamlines were delineated in ArcGIS, and the hydrologic analyses were performed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The sensitivity analysis on runoff parameters was performed, using the Sequential Uncertainties FItting Ver. 2 algorithm, in the SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Procedures (SWAT-CUP) program. The results indicated that the sensitivity of runoff parameters, watershed surface area, and elevations changed under different DEM resolutions. As the distribution of slopes changed using different DEMs, surface parameters were most affected. Furthermore, higher amounts of runoff were generated when DEMs with finer resolutions were implemented. In comparison with the observed value of 8 m3/s at the watershed outlet, the 12.5 m DEM showed more realistic results (6.77 m3/s). Comparatively, the 12.5 m DEM generated 0.74% and 2.73% more runoff compared with the 30 and 90 m DEMs, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that in order to reduce computation time, researchers may use DEMs with coarser resolutions at the expense of minor decreases in accuracy.

scholarly journals Revised modelling of the post-AD 79 volcanic deposits of Somma-Vesuvius to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain (Italy)

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Vogel ◽  
Michael Märker ◽  
Florian Seiler
Keyword(s):  
Model Performance ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Volcanic Deposits ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
River Plain ◽  
Geomorphological Features ◽  
Sarno River

Revised modelling of the post-AD 79 volcanic deposits of Somma-Vesuvius to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain (Italy) In this study the methodology proposed by Vogel & Märker (2010) to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography and paleo-environmental features of the Sarno River plain (Italy) was considerably revised and improved. The methodology is based on an extensive dataset of stratigraphical information from the entire Sarno River plain, a high-resolution present-day digital elevation model (DEM) and a classification and regression tree approach. The dataset was re-evaluated and 32 additional stratigraphical drillings were collected in areas that were not or insufficiently covered by previous stratigraphic data. Altogether, an assemblage of 1,840 drillings, containing information about the depth from the present-day surface to the pre-AD 79 paleo-surface (thickness of post-AD 79 deposits) and the character of the pre-AD 79 paleo-layer of the Sarno River plain was utilized. Moreover, an improved preprocessing of the input parameters attained a distinct progress in model performance in comparison to the previous model of Vogel & Märker (2010). Subsequently, a spatial model of the post-AD 79 deposits was generated. The modelled deposits were then used to reconstruct the pre-AD 79 topography of the Sarno River plain. Moreover, paleo-environmental and paleo-geomorphological features such as the paleo-coastline, the paleo-Sarno River and its floodplain, alluvial fans near the Tyrrhenian coast as well as abrasion terraces of historical and protohistorical coastlines were identified. This reconstruction represents a qualitative improvement of the previous work by Vogel & Märker (2010).

scholarly journals Performance of HEC-HMS and SWAT to simulate streamflow in the sub-humid tropical Hemavathi catchment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Sanjay Shekar ◽  
D. C. Vinay
Keyword(s):  
Model Calibration ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
Daily Streamflow ◽  
Compensation Factor ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract The present study was conducted to examine the accuracy and applicability of the hydrological models Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC)- Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS) to simulate streamflows. Models combined with the ArcGIS interface have been used for hydrological study in the humid tropical Hemavathi catchment (5,427 square kilometer). The critical focus of the streamflow analysis was to determine the efficiency of the models when the models were calibrated and optimized using observed flows in the simulation of streamflows. Daily weather gauge stations data were used as inputs for the models from 2014–2020 period. Other data inputs required to run the models included land use/land cover (LU/LC) classes resulting from remote sensing satellite imagery, soil map and digital elevation model (DEM). For evaluating the model performance and calibration, daily stream discharge from the catchment outlet data were used. For the SWAT model calibration, available water holding capacity by soil (SOL_AWC), curve number (CN) and soil evaporation compensation factor (ESCO) are identified as the sensitive parameters. Initial abstraction (Ia) and lag time (Tlag) are the significant parameters identified for the HEC-HMS model calibration. The models were subsequently adjusted by autocalibration for 2014–2017 to minimize the variations in simulated and observed streamflow values at the catchment outlet (Akkihebbal). The hydrological models were validated for the 2018–2020 period by using the calibrated models. For evaluating the simulating daily streamflows during calibration and validation phases, performances of the models were conducted by using the Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The SWAT model yielded high R2 and NSE values of 0.85 and 0.82 for daily streamflow comparisons for the catchment outlet at the validation time, suggesting that the SWAT model showed relatively good results than the HEC-HMS model. Also, under modified LU/LC and ungauged streamflow conditions, the calibrated models can be later used to simulate streamflows for future predictions. Overall, the SWAT model seems to have done well in streamflow analysis capably for hydrological studies.

scholarly journals CREATION OF GIS-RESOURCES FOR PHYSIOGRAPHIC ZONING OF THE TRANSBOUNDARY RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Beshentsev ◽  
◽  
Alexander A. Ayurzhanaev ◽  
Bator V. Sodnomov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

The article is aimed at the development of methodological foundations for the creation of geoin-formation resources of transboundary territories based on cartographic materials and remote sensing data, as well as physical and geographical zoning of the transboundary Russian-Mongolian territory. The methodological basis of the study is cartographic and statistical research methods, geoinformation technology, as well as processing and analysis of remote sensing data. As a result, the study deter-mines the features of geoinformation resources, presents their characteristics, develops a classification and substantiates their integrating value in making interstate territorial decisions. The article gives the physical and geographical characteristics of the territory, determines the scale of mapping, establishes the basic units of geoinformation mapping and modeling, creates the coverage of the basin division, and proposes a scheme for creating basic geoinformation resources for the physical and geographical zoning of the territory. Based on the analysis of the digital elevation model, the territory was zoned according to the morphometric parameters of the relief. As a result of processing and analysis of Landsat images at different times, the territory was zoned in terms of the amount of photosynthetically active biomass (NDVI). As a result of zoning, 6 physical-geographical regions and 33 physical-geographical areas were identified.

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