scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Al-Zarqa, Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Reem Naser Dabaibeh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Potential Sources

Al-Zarqa is experiencing challenges in industry conversion and extensive urbanization. The environmental quality of soil in the Al-Zarqa region was analyzed by Spatial analysis for the identification of sources and estimation of the concentration of heavy metals, which helped in the assessment of soil quality and heavy metal pollution. The reason for the elevation of heavy metal pollution is increased urbanization, industrialization, traffic, oil refinery emissions, and mixed anthropogenic sources in that region. The main objective of this research was to assess the ecological impact of heavy metals pollutants in the Al-Zarqa region. The concentrations of (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Fe) were estimated and compared with the existing literature. The distribution pattern of each metal was identified by spatial distribution analysis. Results revealed that metals concentration (Cd, Cr, and Ni) is higher, and the concentration of Pb, Zn, and Cu is less than the maximum allowed limits. Factor analysis identified the potential sources of heavy metals in the investigated area, and spatial distribution showed the geographical distribution of heavy metals over the study area. Consequently, it is better than showing only the individual point concentration without identifying their potential sources and their geographical variations.

scholarly journals Heavy metal pollution status in surface sediments of the Khajeh Kory River, north Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1158
Author(s):  
Maryam Zare Khosheghbal ◽  
Marjan Esmaeilzadeh ◽  
Fereydoun Ghazban ◽  
Mohammad Ebrahim Charmsazi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Riverbed Sediments

Abstract This study aimed at exploring the extent of likely sources of heavy metal pollution in sediments of the Khajeh Kory riverbed in the north of Iran. In order to assess the heavy metal contamination, samples from surface sediments in 10 stations covering the river were collected and analysed to determine heavy metal contents including Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Co, Al, and Fe. Three guidelines were applied to assess the heavy metal contamination. Compared with the global average values, the calculated enrichment factors indicated high values for Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, and Cu, and very high values for Pb and Zn. The results obtained from principal component analysis revealed that the geogenic and anthropogenic sources were the main causes of the widespread enrichment of heavy metals in the riverbed sediments. The results suggested that the riverbed sediments were contaminated with heavy metals, which contribute to the freshwater toxicity in the ecosystem of the Khajeh Kory River.

scholarly journals Contamination, Spatial Distribution and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Surface Soil of Anhui Chaohu Economic Development Zone, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 8117
Author(s):  
Chang Pan ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
Xiao Tao ◽  
Jiahuan Guo ◽  
Yuanchun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Development Zone ◽  
Economic Development Zone

Anthropogenic activities may result in the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil, especially in economic development zones with frequent industrial activities. Therefore, the investigation and assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in economic development zones is one of the important measures for soil environmental management and sustainable development. This study used Nemero evaluation, Kriging interpolation, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis to investigate the contamination degree, spatial distribution, and origin of heavy metal in Anhui Chaohu Economic Development Zone (ACED), Anhui, East China. The result showed that different land use types can cause different levels and types of soil heavy metal pollution. The maximum concentrations of heavy metals in the study area all exceeded their background value but did not exceed the guide values. The highest average concentrations were found in Zn, followed by Cr and Ni. The concentrations of As in soils have the largest coefficient of variation (CV) at 38%. The concentration of heavy metals in different functional areas was varied, the areas with higher Ni, As, Cd, Zn, and Cr concentrations were mainly distributed in Hot Springs Resort (HSR), the relatively higher concentrations of Pb, Hg, and Cu were mainly distributed in Integrated Zone (IZ), while all heavy metal (except for Ni) have relatively higher content in the surface soil of Huashan Industrial Zone (HIZ). Origin analysis showed that soil As, Cd, and Zn in HSR surface soil were predominantly influenced by agricultural activities, while Ni and Cr were mainly controlled by parent material. Pb and Hg in IZ surface soil were predominantly originated from the vehicle and domestic exhaust, and Cu was mainly controlled by industrial pollutants. Industrial activity was the main source of soil heavy metals in HIZ. Although heavy metal in ACED surface soil did not reach pollution levels, the concentration of Cd, Hg, Pb, and Cu was significantly affected by anthropogenic activities, especially in HIZ, which the necessary attention of heavy metals needs to be given.

scholarly journals Analysis of Soil Pollution Degree and Causes Based on Mathematical Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Yunhui Zeng ◽  
Yuanbiao Zhang ◽  
Shusheng Huang ◽  
Hongfei Guo ◽  
Yilin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Index Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Distribution Map

Taking the heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil as the object, this paper analyzes the degree of heavy metal pollution in different areas in the city and the main causes of pollution. Firstly, this paper uses Kriging interpolation method to increase the sample data together with Surfer software to draw the spatial distribution map of eight heavy metals, and then compares the single factor index method and the geological accumulation index-Nemero index method to make a comprehensive evaluation of the heavy metal pollution degree in different areas of the city. It is concluded that the pollution level in the area from slight to heavy is: mountain areas, park green areas, living areas, traffic areas, industrial areas. Then, the main comprehensive index of heavy metals is extracted by the principal component analysis, and the spatial distribution map of the main factors is drawn based on it. According to the spatial distribution map, the main cause of heavy metal pollution is the emission of automobile exhaust and industrial waste, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil.

scholarly journals Evaluating ecological risks and tracking potential factors influencing heavy metals in sediments in an urban river

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongping Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Huibin Yu ◽  
Hongjie Gao ◽  
Weining Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Potential Factors

Abstract Background Heavy metal pollution of aquatic systems is a global issue that has received considerable attention. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) have been applied to heavy metal data to trace potential factors, identify regional differences, and evaluate ecological risks. Sediment cores of 200 cm in depth were taken using a drilling platform at 10 sampling sites along the Xihe River, an urban river located in western Shenyang City, China. Then they were divided into 10 layers (20 cm each layer). The concentrations of the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured for each layer. Eight heavy metals, namely Pb, Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Hg, were measured for each layer in this study. Results The average concentrations of the As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Zn were significantly higher than their background values in soils in the region, and mainly gathered at 0–120 cm in depth in the upstream, 0–60 cm in the midstream, and 0–20 cm downstream. This indicated that these heavy metals were derived from the upstream areas where a large quantity of effluents from the wastewater treatment plants enter the river. Ni, Pb, and Cr were close or slightly higher than their background values. The decreasing order of the average concentration of Cd was upstream > midstream > downstream, so were Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The highest concentration of As was midstream, followed by upstream and then downstream, which was different to Cd. The potential factors of heavy metal pollution were Cd, Cu, Hg, Zn, and As, especially Cd and Hg with the high ecological risks. The ecological risk levels of all heavy metals were much higher in the upstream than the midstream and downstream. Conclusions Industrial discharge was the dominant source for eight heavy metals in the surveyed area, and rural domestic sewage has a stronger influence on the Hg pollution than industrial pollutants. These findings indicate that effective management strategies for sewage discharge should be developed to protect the environmental quality of urban rivers.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Levels in Sediments and of Ecological Risk by Quality Indices, Applying a Case Study: The Lower Danube River, Romania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1801
Author(s):  
Valentina Andreea Calmuc ◽  
Madalina Calmuc ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Catalina Maria Topa ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Pollution Indices

It is a well–known fact that heavy metal pollution in sediments causes serious problems not only in the Danube basin, but also in the large and small adjacent river streams. A suitable method for assessing the level of heavy metals and their toxicity in sediments is the calculation of pollution indices. The present research aims to assess heavy metal pollution in the Lower Danube surface sediments collected along the Danube course (between 180 and 60 km) up to the point where the Danube River flows into the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – UNESCO, protected area). In addition, this monitored area is one of the largest European hydrographic basins. Five heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) were analyzed in two different seasons, i.e., the autumn of 2018 and the spring of 2019, using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP– MS) technique. Our assessment of heavy metal pollution revealed two correlated aspects: 1. a determination of the potential risks of heavy metals in sediments by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and 2. an evaluation of the influence of anthropogenic activities on the level of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments, using three specific pollution indices, namely, the Geo–Accumulation Index (Igeo), the Contamination Factor (CF), and the Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results of this pioneering research activity in the region highlighted the presence of moderate metal (Ni and Cd) pollution and a low potential ecological risk for the aquatic environment.

Opportunities for Biotesting of the Water Environment for Heavy Metal Pollution Using a Plant Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
S.I. Alekseeva ◽  
Zh.M. Okhlopkova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Biological Testing ◽  
Spirodela Polyrhiza ◽  
Model Object ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

The methods of biotesting of the aquatic environment based on the representative of the duckweed family (lat. Lemnaceae) greater duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid) were considered. A review is presented on the use of greater duckweed as a model object in biological testing, in partic-ular, when exposed to heavy metals salts. When cultivated Spirodela polyrhiza with the addition of heavy metals salts, a change in the growth and development of plants in the experienced line of plants was revealed, as well as a decrease in the content of chlorophyll a and b.

Lightweight aggregates to reduce heavy metal pollution in green infrastructure for urban stormwater management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concepcion Pla ◽  
Javier Valdes-Abellan ◽  
Miguel Angel Pardo ◽  
Maria Jose Moya-Llamas ◽  
David Benavente
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Runoff Water

<p>The impervious nature of urban areas is mostly responsible for urban flooding, runoff water pollution and the interception of groundwater recharge. Green infrastructure and sustainable urban drainage systems combine natural and artificial measures to mitigate the abovementioned problems, improving stormwater management and simultaneously increasing the environmental values of urban areas. The actual rate of urban growth in many urban areas requires the enhancement and optimization of stormwater management infrastructures to integrate the territorial development with the natural processes. Regarding the quality of runoff stormwater, heavy metals are critical for their impact on human health and ecological systems, even more if we consider the cumulative effect that they produce on biota. Thus, innovative stormwater management approaches must consider new solutions to deal with heavy metal pollution problems caused by runoff. In this study, we propose the employment of Arlita<sup>®</sup> and Filtralite<sup>®</sup>, two kind of lightweight aggregates obtained from expanded clays, to remove heavy metal concentration from runoff stormwater. Laboratory experiments were developed to evaluate the removal rate of different heavy metals existent in runoff stormwater. The lightweight aggregates acted as filter materials in column experiments to quantify their removal capacity. In addition, batch tests were also developed to evaluate the exhaustive capacity of the materials. Results from the study confirmed the efficiency of the selected lightweight aggregates to reduce the heavy metals concentration by up to 90% in urban stormwater runoff.</p>

scholarly journals Heavy-metal pollution alters dissolved organic matter released by bloom-forming Microcystis aeruginosa

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (30) ◽  
pp. 18421-18427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming Wu ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Guangzhu Shen ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes

The risk of heavy metals to aquatic ecosystems was paid much attention in recent years, however, the knowledge on effects of heavy metals on dissolved organic matter (DOM) released byMicrocystiswas quite poor, especially in eutrophic lakes.

scholarly journals Use of Two Aquatic Snail Species as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals in Tigris River-Baghdad

2020 ◽  
pp. 1589-1592
Author(s):  
Harith Saeed Al-Warid ◽  
Hayder Z Ali ◽  
Ghassan Nissan ◽  
Abbas Haider ◽  
Ahmed Yosef
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Bellamya Bengalensis

     Thirty individuals of Bellamya bengalensis and Physella acuta were collected and identified from the Tigris River in Baghdad during the period between October to November 2017. The efficiency of bioaccumulation of the two species as bioindicators for aquatic heavy metal pollution with Cd, Ni, Pb and Cu was investigated. Both snail species had the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The mean of Ni concentration in soft tissues of both snails was 1.53 ppm while the mean concentration of other heavy metals was significantly lower; they reached 0.51 ppm, 0.36 ppm and 0.29 ppm, respectively. While no significant differences between B. bengalensis and  P.acuta were noticed in the ability to accumulate the heavy metals. It is concluded that both snails shared the features of good bioindicators due to their sensitivity to pollution.:

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