scholarly journals Discursive Construction of Subject and Ideological Fantasy in Postcolonial Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Aprinus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ideological Fantasy

This paper tries to explain the contestation at the discursive construction level of the subject. The subject in question is Indonesia in postcolonial era. The problem that will be answered was how the ideological fantasy constructed its subject. The data were chosen purposively from several novels. The paper approach is discourse-like in nature. The results of this paper show that in the contestation there is competition of colonial discourse, modernism; in which will also crossed with religion or local values. It can be concluded that there has been overlapping ideological fantasy of Indonesian postcolonial subject. 

Genealogy of Colonial Discourse: Hindu Traditions and the Limits of European Representation

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raf Gelders
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
The Core ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Core Issues

In the aftermath of Edward Said's Orientalism (1978), European representations of Eastern cultures have returned to preoccupy the Western academy. Much of this work reiterates the point that nineteenth-century Orientalist scholarship was a corpus of knowledge that was implicated in and reinforced colonial state formation in India. The pivotal role of native informants in the production of colonial discourse and its subsequent use in servicing the material adjuncts of the colonial state notwithstanding, there has been some recognition in South Asian scholarship of the moot point that the colonial constructs themselves built upon an existing, precolonial European discourse on India and its indigenous culture. However, there is as yet little scholarly consensus or indeed literature on the core issues of how and when these edifices came to be formed, or the intellectual and cultural axes they drew from. This genealogy of colonial discourse is the subject of this essay. Its principal concerns are the formalization of a conceptual unit in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, called “Hinduism” today, and the larger reality of European culture and religion that shaped the contours of representation.

scholarly journals The relevance of dietetics in Gandhian philosophy: Mapping the trajectories of his experiments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEBASHISH MITRA
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Mahatma Gandhi ◽  
Political World ◽  
Colonial Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
Scientific Treatment

This article argues for analytics of dietary habits of Mahatma Gandhi through an argument around his practices and manner of articulation on discourses on food; his experimentation around dietetics and its relation to political goals in the light of colonial governmentality. Gandhi's dietetics practice intervened with the construction of Oriental as the 'others', showing that the subject (Indian) domain constituted the hegemonic order of colonial reign by presenting the superiority inherent in the colonial culture. In this regard, this article describes the emergence of Gandhi's alternative dietary habits, with analyses of discourses on scientific treatment of food as a part of daily livelihood, while understanding and arguing for the importance of dietetics as an integral part of the political world of modernity. It concludes that the broader contours of Gandhian philosophy and its introduction in Indian society through nationalist politics are uniformly appended with the formulation of his experimentation, not only with his philosophical and political goals but also with his daily practices dietetics constitute an essential part. Throughout, there is an attempt to present the symbolic and discursive construction of dietetics and experimentations to negotiate the individual's character.

Queer Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilith Acadia
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Film Music ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Opening Up

Queer theory describes a network of critiques emerging from a legacy of activism and looking ahead to utopian futures. The analytical tools queer theory provides as a mode of close reading and critique makes it a relevant contemporary approach to literary theory. Beyond reading for queer characters and desires in texts, queer theory is a tool for seeing below the superficial, and supporting unconventional readings that deconstruct normative assumptions. The activist roots of queer theory in the 1969 Stonewall Riots places drag, trans issues, class, race, violence, gender, and sexuality at the heart of queer theorizing. Subsequent work engages topics such as temporality, ecology, geography, and diaspora through the analysis of culture and politics, but also literature, film, music, and other media. Queer theory attends to both the rhetorical power of language and the broader structures of knowledge formulation. As feminist epistemology asks whose knowledge matters and who creates knowledge, queer theory asks whether knowledge matters and whether naturalized knowledge is constructed. Textual or discursive construction of knowledge is a key theoretical approach of queer theory with important implications for literature. Queer theory embraces a multidisciplinary and diverse set of influences, methodologies, questions, and formats. The critiques can be applied to help deconstruct naturalized epistemic frameworks around topics notably including, language, gender, sexuality, history, the subject, universality, the environment, animals, borders, space, time, norms, ideals, reproduction, utopia, love, the home, the nation, and power. Queer theory empowers novel readings of the world, and worldly readings of the novel, opening up new ways of viewing life and text.

Discursive construction and negotiation of laity on an online health forum

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-216
Author(s):  
Antoinette Fage-Butler ◽  
Patrizia Anesa
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Subject Positions ◽  
Medical Expertise ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Subject

E-patients are increasingly using the Internet to gain knowledge about medical conditions, thereby problematizing the biomedical assumption that patients are ‘lay’. The present paper addresses this development by investigating the epistemic identities of patients participating on an online health forum. Using poststructuralist discourse analysis to analyze a corpus of cardiology-related threads on an ‘Ask a Doctor’ forum, we compare how patients are discursively constructed by online professionals as ‘knowing’ or ‘not knowing’ with the online knowledge identities patients choose for themselves. Analysis reveals a complex picture, with patients positioning themselves and being constructed as biomedical novices, as well as claiming the subject positions of (semi-)experts challenging medical expertise. This paper provides a snapshot of an important social identity in transition, illustrates a procedure for comparing language use around imposed and self-appropriated identities, and considers discursive choice in relation to the metapragmatic matter of “sayability” (Mey 2001: 176).

scholarly journals Colonization and Decolonization of the Indian Subcontinent: A Colonial Discourse Analysis of 'A God in Every Stone'

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-292
Author(s):  
Inam Ullah ◽  
Gul Andama ◽  
Abid Nawaz
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political System ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Indigenous Culture ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
British Raj ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Military ◽  
Common Perception

The British Raj in the Indian subcontinent has been an area of academic and scholarly inquiries. The period has deeply impacted the indigenous culture and political system. Studies have highlighted a plethora of political, military and economic reasons accounting for the establishment and collapse of the Empire. However, Kamila Shamie’s novel A God in Every Stone (2014) adds another dimension to the subject, which is not power rather the colonial discourses which settled and unsettled the Empire in India. The study examines that how the colonial discourses helped the colonizers in the establishment of Empire in the subcontinent. The study contends that it is not the military might but the colonial discourses which helped the Empire take its roots. Ironically the same discourses also resulted into anticolonial resistance and the final collapse of the Empire due to its being endlessly split and anxiously repetitive in nature. The study is based on Shamsie’s novel. The analysis is developed round Homi K. Bhaba’s theory of "Mimicry and Man: The Ambivalence of Colonial Discourse”. The study, unlike the common perception, concludes that it was not military might alone, but the colonial discourses which settled and unsettled the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent.

scholarly journals SUBJEKTIVITAS EKA KURNIAWAN MELALUI NOVEL LELAKI HARIMAU

TELAGA BAHASA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
Siti Hardiyanti Amri
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Symbolic Order ◽  
False Consciousness ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Slavoj Zizek ◽  
Real Dimension ◽  
The Real ◽  
Slavoj Žižek ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ideological Fantasy

Paradigma humanis dalam kajian sastra memposisikan manusia sebagai pusat. Penelitian ini mengkaji subjektivitas tokoh dan pengarang dalam semesta novel Lelaki Harimau karya Eka Kurniawan menggunakan teori subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek. Zizek memfokuskan pemikirannya pada tatanan riil dan simbolik dalam kehidupan manusia. Menurutnya, manusia mampu meraih kebebasan dan keotentikan dirinya selama ia bertindak melampaui norma-norma simbolik dan bergerak menuju dimensi riil dalam kehidupannya. Sebaliknya, manusia akan tetap terpenjara dalam dimensi simbolik, selama ia membiarkan dirinya tetap hanyut dalam kesadaran palsu ideologi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada upaya radikal yang dilakukan oleh tokoh utama untuk mencapai kondisi riil melalui tindakan sadis dan tak berkeprimanusiaan yang melanggar aspek normatif dalam lingkaran simbolik. Akan tetapi, peristiwa yang dihadapi oleh tokoh tersebut berlawanan dengan diri pengarang sebagai subjek. Pengarang justru tidak menunjukkan adanya upaya radikal dalam kehidupannya sehingga ia tetap berada dalam fantasi ideologis.Kata Kunci:Subjektivitas, Slavoj Zizek, Eka Kurniawan, Tindakan Radikal, Fantasi ideologis. The humanist paradigm in literature study assigns humans as the center. This research examines the subjectivity of the characters and the author in Lelaki Harimau novel by Eka Kurniawan using Slavoj Zizek's theory of subjectivity. Zizek focused his thoughts on the real and symbolic order in human life. According to him, humans are able to achieve freedom and authenticity as long as they act beyond the symbolic norms and move towards the real dimension in their life. On the contrary, humans will remain imprisoned in a symbolic dimension as long as they allowed themselves drifted away on a false consciousness of ideology. This research indicates that there are radical efforts made by the main characters to achieve the real conditions through sadistic and inhumane actions that violate the normative aspects in a symbolic circle. However, the events faced by these characters are opposite to the author as the subject. In fact, the author does not perform any radical efforts in his life so that he remains in ideological fantasies.Keywords: subjectivity, Slavoj Zizek, Eka Kurniawan, radical act, ideological fantasy

scholarly journals KRITIK ARAFAT NUR TERHADAP TATANAN SIMBOLIK DAN SUBJEK DALAM NOVEL BURUNG TERBANG DI KELAM MALAM

Hasta Wiyata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-171
Author(s):  
Fitri Tiara Merdika ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Real ◽  
Slavoj Žižek ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ideological Fantasy ◽  
Opening Up

In the creation of literary works, either consciously or unconsciously the author will always insert his ideology. The insertion of the ideology can be seen from the criticisms delivered by the author. Literary works are a medium for the author to convey a critique of the reality that occurs, be it religious, social, cultural, political and other criticisms. But that becomes interesting when the author tries to open up an unconscious reality, opening up the decay of a system of power that will eventually become cynicism and submit to an ideological order. In this study, Arafat Nur's novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam was chosen to prove this ideological fantasy. The problem contained in this study is (1) What is the symbolic order of acehnese people in the novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam? (2) What is Arafat Nur's criticism of the subject (Acehnese) in the novel Burung Terbang di Kelam Malam? To answer that question, the theory used was an authentic subject and ideological fantasy introduced by Slavoj Zizek and analyzed with descriptive analytical methodology. The results of this study prove that, firstly, the symbolic order (Islamic Sharia as the identity of Aceh) failed to form a radical subject. Although the subject has relinquished the symbolic order that shackled him all along, he remains returning to the new symbolic order. The subjects who are still in power of the Big Other will never escape from the order that subjected them. The subject will not be able to reach the Real, because they cannot discuss it so the subject desires to fulfill Che Vuoi's call?, unconsciously the subject commits ideological fantasies. Second, the subject of fantasizing the ideology of Islamism (Islamic sharia) that desires the achievement of spirituality instead leads it to capitalism. Not just the subject (the character in the novel). Arafat Nur as an author was also caught up in capitalism so his attempts to go radical ended in failure.

‘And how long have you been sick?’: The discursive construction of symptom duration during acute general practice visits and its implications for ‘doctorability’

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Beck Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Problem Presentation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Subject

This study uses Conversation Analysis to investigate how doctors and patients talk about the duration of patients’ symptoms during acute general practice consultations in Denmark. Both parties treat it important to address and reach shared understanding about this issue, and it is the subject of much clarification and negotiation. Mentioning the duration of symptoms may be patient-initiated from the very outset of the consultation, as part of the problem presentation, or doctor-solicited in the subsequent interaction. Analysis reveals that in both cases, patients use concepts that stress relative duration as part of efforts to legitimise their visits. Legitimisation by such means is most evident in connection with doctor-solicited mention of duration of symptoms. Patients treat doctors’ questions as preferring an answer, which confirms that they have been sick for a long time. Overall, the study provides insight about the huge impact that discussions about time have for conversational organisation during consultations. It also shows how a shared understanding of the duration of symptoms is treated as a precondition for medical decisions and entitlements.

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