scholarly journals Explicit Instruction of Memory vs Cognitive Strategies and Reading Comprehension: An Empirical Study with IELTS Candidates

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Jahanbakhsh Nikoopour ◽  
Roozbeh Kargar ◽  
Nadimeh Esfandiari
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Moderator Variable ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Memory Strategies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
English Language Institute ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Research in reading comprehension associates the assumption that readers’ attributes may influence reading comprehension; different readers may process the same text in different ways, depending on their purposes, motivation, attitudes, interests, background knowledge, and the strategies they use. The present study attempted to investigate the impact of teaching cognitive and memory strategies on male and female IELTS candidates’ reading comprehension. To carry out the study, the researcher selected a sample of 88 male and female EFL learners, who attended IELTS preparation classes in Afarinesh English Language Institute regularly. The participants were randomly assigned into three groups; namely, two experimental groups and a control group. Eight memory and cognitive strategies were taught explicitly in the two experimental groups respectively during the treatment, whereas the current usual techniques were being used in the control group. The results showed that the experimental groups outperformed the control group in reading comprehension. The difference between the mean scores of the two experimental groups was not statistically significant. That is, instructing cognitive and memory strategies have had somehow similar impact on the IELTS candidates’ reading comprehension. Finally, the participants’ gender as a moderator variable did not make a significant difference in their reading comprehension.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Effects of Visualization Training Techniques on Reading Comprehension Ability of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Zahra Sanati
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
English Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Conventional Instruction ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
English Language Institute ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Reading Comprehension Ability

The present study was conducted to investigate the impact of visualization on reading comprehension ability of Iranian intermediate EFL learners. To fulfill the purpose of the study, 40 out of 100 intermediate learners of an English language institute were chosen by means of administering a PET Test. Based on the results of the homogenizing test, two groups were formed, and learners were not randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control one. Then, both groups were provided with seven teaching sessions. A pretest was given to all examinees to capture the initial differences. Learners in the experimental group were taught to visualize the words using a variety of visualization strategies before, during, and after reading the text in class. However, students in the control group were provided with a conventional instruction in traditional classes like reading the text aloud, translating the text, and providing synonyms and antonyms, if it was needed. After teaching sessions, a posttest was given to students of both groups. The statistical analysis of obtained results using paired t-test and ANCOVA revealed that the participants in the experimental group outperformed the participants in the control group. The findings of this study showed that the effect of visualization as an instructional technology on Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension was extremely noticeable. The findings of the present study may have some theoretical and practical implications for both Iranian EFL teachers and students, as well as for curriculum designers and developers.

scholarly journals Effect of Elaborative Text Modification on Pre-intermediate Male and Female EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Shahram Esfandiari Asl ◽  
Asgar Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Placement Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehension Ability ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Reading Comprehension Ability

The current study was carried out to investigate whether elaborative text modification improves reading comprehension ability of pre-intermediate male and female EFL learners. To do this, 60 pre-intermediate learners were chosen based on their performance on a standard version of Longman's New Opportunities Placement Test. The participants also received a piloted version of a researcher-made reading comprehension test as the pretest to ascertain their homogeneity. The participants were then divided into two equal groups to represent the experimental and the control groups. Each group was further subdivided into male and female groups. Five reading passages in two formats (unmodified and elaborated) were administered to the participants in five weeks which was followed by a posttest. The experimental group received the elaborated texts, while the control group received the unmodified baseline texts. The results of a Two-way ANOVA indicated no significant effect for gender but there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control groups' reading comprehension. Findings of the study suggest that elaborative text modification can be a worthy option in EFL reading classes.

scholarly journals The effect of instructing critical thinking through debate on the EFL learners’ reading comprehension

2015 ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Danaye Tous ◽  
Abdorreza Tahriri ◽  
Sara Haghighi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of instruction through debate on the male and female EFL learners’ reading comprehension, and to examine the difference between male and female EFL learners’ perception towards instructing critical thinking (CT) through debate. 88 learners, out of 120, were selected through convenience sampling method. Using a quantitative research method with experimental pre-and post-tests design, this study consisted of 44 participants in the experimental group and 44 participants in the control group. The experimental group received some treatment in the form of “the Meeting-House Debate” strategy, while the control group received no such treatment. After one month and a half treatment of experimental group, both groups participated in the post-test. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics procedures. Findings showed that the debate strategy had statistically significant effect on the students’ reading comprehension. Also, results revealed that there was no significant difference between male and female EFL learners’ perception towards instructing CT through debate. It was concluded that instructing CT skills through debate strategy resulted in better understanding of reading texts.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Meta Cognitive Strategies on the Development of Reading Comprehension in English language on the Second Grade of Secondary students in Jeddah City

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatimah Miteib Almutayri , Khitam Mohammed Alghazu
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

The current study aimed to find out the effect of using meta cognitive strategies on the development of reading comprehension in English language on the Second Grade of Secondary students in Jeddah city. The researcher used a quasi-experimental approach with two groups (control group and experimental groups). The sample, which included (58) female students from the second grade of secondary students on Jeddah city, was convenience sample. The researcher prepared three tools for studying as the following: • A list of reading comprehension skills in English language. • A test of a reading comprehension in English language. • A guide book for teacher and students to use the meta cognitive skills. The researcher used appropriate statistical methods as the Means, standard deviations, and one way ANOVA and MANCOVA, the following results have been reached: 1- There are statistical significant differences at the level of ≤ 0.05 between the average post-test scores of the experimental group and the average post-test scores of control group in all reading comprehension levels of English language for experimental group after controlling pretest for experimental group. 2-There are no statistical significant differences at the level of ≤ 0.05 between the average post-test scores of the experimental group and the average post-test scores of control group in literal comprehension level of English language after controlling pre-test for experimental group. 3- There are statistical significant differences at the level of ≤ 0.05 between the average post-test scores of the experimental group and the average post-test scores of control group in interpretative comprehension level of English language after controlling pre-test for experimental group. 4- There are statistical significant differences at the level of ≤ 0.05 between the average post-test scores of the experimental group and the average post-test scores of control group in critical comprehension level of English language after controlling pretest for experimental group. The study has recommended to develop the English curriculum in order to apply the implementation of meta cognitive strategies, as well as, to train the teachers of English language before and during the service on using the meta cognitive strategies. The study has suggested to study the effectiveness of other strategies for " meta cognition " in the development of reading comprehension. Also, it has suggested to study the effectiveness of the " meta cognition " strategies for the development of language skills in different stages of learning.  

The Impact of Scaffolding Strategies in Enhancing Reading Comprehension Skills of University Students in a Saudi Context

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arwa Abdullah AbdulRahman Al Eissa ◽  
Abdullah Al-Bargi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Scaffolding Strategies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reading Comprehension Skills ◽  
Experimental Group

Based on a mixed method research design, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of applying scaffolding strategies in enhancing reading comprehension skills of female students at King Abdulaziz University in the city of Jeddah in Saudi Arabia. The participants of the study were thirty-three female students at the preparatory year program (PYP) who were registered at the proficiency level 104 (B1/Threshold level on the Common European Framework of reference for language; CEFR). They were divided into two groups: Seventeen students in the control group and sixteen students in the experimental group. Both groups were exposed to the same reading lessons but with the experimental group exposed to scaffolding strategies. Prior to the treatment, a pretest was administered to both groups. Once the treatment was accomplished, a posttest was administered to investigate the effect of applying scaffolding strategies on developing reading comprehension skills. Furthermore, qualitative data was collected via open-ended questionnaire. The results of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the experimental group in favor of the posttest. Furthermore, students showed a positive attitude to the scaffolding technique as a motivation factor to their learning. Conclusions and recommendations for further research are given at the end of this study.

scholarly journals Children’s Reading Comprehension and Motivation on Screen Versus on Paper

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402098884
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Liman Kaban ◽  
Sirin Karadeniz
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Electronic Reading ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

The young generation, born into digital technologies and called Millennials or the Y-Generation, are raised in a world where everybody has a computer in their pockets (Hamari et al., 2014), and they are constantly engaged in digital activities. However, research on the impact of digital devices on learners’ educational performance and motivation is still an emerging field. This article aims to examine perceptions of the sixth-grade students in Turkey of their e-reading experiences on the basis of their personalized/gamified/PDF electronic reading practices in school and the influences of their perceptions on their reading comprehension and levels of motivation in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom. The study follows a quasi-experimental approach with four treatment groups and a control group, involving 96 sixth-grade state school students in Turkey. The three treatment groups read in order from the personalized/gamified/PDF electronic reading for 5 weeks whereas the control group used printed guided reading program. The results indicate that EFL learners’ use of screen reading has the potential to increase reading motivation of the students. However, no significant difference was observed in their reading comprehension levels despite the use of different reading medium in control and experimental groups.

scholarly journals The Impact of Drama Instruction on EFL Omani Fifth Graders’ Read-ing Comprehension

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Ruqaya Al Rabeei ◽  
Salma Al-Humaidi ◽  
Saleh Al-Busaidi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Reading Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Teacher's Perceptions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Drama instruction is one of the methods recommended in EFL literature. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drama instruction on EFL fifth graders’ reading comprehension. It also explored the students’ and the teacher’s perceptions of the use of drama in reading lessons. A total of 74 randomly selected students participated in the study and formed the control group and the experimental group. The study followed the mixed quasi-experimental design. A pre- and posttest reading test was administered to examine the impact of drama on reading comprehension. A questionnaire was implemented to explore students’ perceptions of drama. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted to probe students’ and teacher’s perceptions of drama. The results were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. They showed no significant difference in reading comprehension between the control group and the experimental group. However, the experimental group performed better in the posttest than the control group although their mean scores in the pretest were lower. The participant teacher and students responded positively towards the use of drama in reading lessons. They reported that drama activities were exciting and made them love reading.

scholarly journals أثر استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة في تحسين مستوى الاستيعاب القرائي لدى الطلبة الماليزيين الناطقين بغير العربية / The influence of Meta cognitive strategies on improving reading comprehension among non-Arabic speaking Malaysian students

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Rosilawati Binti Ramlan ◽  
Nail Al-Shar‘ah
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
Malaysian Students ◽  
Experimental Group

ملخص البحث: هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى استقصاء أثر استخدام بعض استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة في تحسين الاستيعاب القرائي بالمستوى الحرفي والاستنتاجي والتطبيقي لدى الطلبة الناطقين بغير العربية في المرحلة الجامعية بماليزيا. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج شبه التجريبي لمناسبته لطبيعة الدراسة وظروفها، وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من (52) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة السنة الأولى بجامعة العلوم الإسلامية الماليزية، وتم اختيارهم بالطريقة القصدية، وتوزيعهم عشوائياً على مجموعتين إحداهما تجريبية، وتضم (26) طالباً وطالبة، وأخرى ضابطة، وتضم (26) طالباً وطالبة؛ حيث طبق على طلبة المجموعة التجريبية تدريس مادة اللغة العربية باستراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة والمجموعة الضابطة بالطريقة الاعتيادية. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة قام الباحثان بتصميم دليل المعلم وورقات العمل للطلبة وفق استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة، واستخدمت اختبارا لقياس الاستيعاب القرائي بالمستوى الحرفي والاستنتاجي والتطبيقي. وأظهرت النتائج وجود فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (α=0.05) في المستويين: الحرفي والتفسري يعزى إلى أثر استراتيجية التدريس لصالح المجموعة التجريبية. الكلمات المفتاحية: استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة-الاستيعاب القرائي - استراتيجيات القراءة - تعليم القراءة - الطلبة. Abstract: This study aims to trace the influence of using some meta cognitive strategies in improving reading comprehension on the conclusion and application levels among non-Arabic speaking students in Malaysian universities. The researchers made use of quasi-experimental method to suit with the nature of the study. The sample consist of 52 students from first year students of The Islamic Sciences University Malaysia selected purposefully for the objective. They were divided into two groups: 26 students for the experimental group and the other 26 for the control group. The former was exposed to teaching with meta cognitive strategies while the latter was taught ordinarily. The researchers had designed a teaching manual and assignment papers according to the meta cognitive strategies. An examination was deployed to measure the reading comprehension on the literal, conclusion and application levels. The results showed significant difference of α=0.05 in two levels: literal and interpretation that correlates with the meta-cognitive strategies applied on the experimental group.   Keywords: Meta cognitive strategies- Reading comprehension – Reading strategies – Teaching reading skills – students.   Abstrak: Kajian ini ertujuan untuk mengesan kesan penggunaan strategi meta kognitif dalam menambah baik kefahaman membaca pada tahap membuat kesimpulan dan applikasi kefahaman dalam kalangan pelajar bukan Arab di universiti-universiti Malaysia. Penyelidik menggunakan metod quasi-eksperimental untuk menyesuaikan dengan tabiat kajian. Sampel mengandungi 52 pelajar-pelajar tahun satu daripada Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia yang dipilih khusus untuk tujuan kajian. Mereka dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan: 26 pelajar untuk kumpulan eksperimental manakala 26 lagi untuk kumpulan kawalan. Kumpulan pertama didedahkan kepada pengajaran dengan strategi meta kognitif sementara kumpulan kawalan diajar secara biasa. Satu garis panduan mengajar telah di susun beserta dengan kerja latihan mengikut kepada starategi meta kognitif. Satu penilaian telah dijalankan untuk mengukur kemahiran membaca pada tahap literal, kesimpulan dan applikasi kefahaman. Keputusan analisa menunjukkan perbezaan yang penting (α=0.05) pada dua tahap: literal dan intrepretasi yang berhubung dengan strategi Meta kognitif yang didedahkan kepada kumpulan eksperimen.   Kata kunci: Strategi meta kognitif – kefahaman membaca- strategi membaca- pengajaran kemahiran membaca – pelajar-pelajar.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Semantic Maps Strategy on the Development of English Vocabulary and its Survival among the Sixth Primary Students in Buraidah, Qassim Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah bin Ali Alnghimshi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Primary Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Semantic Maps ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

The study was based on a semi-experimental approach. The study sample consisted of two groups (experimental and control) of 49 students of sixth grade in the primary school of Omar bin Sulayem (3 weeks later) to measure the survival of the learning effect, and it was also applied as a measure of the level of achievement of the vocabulary of the English language. The results were statistically analyzed by calculating the arithmetic averages, standard deviations, Ancova and T-test. The results of the study showed a statistically significant difference between the average scores of the control group and the experimental group in the post- (20.62). The experimental average was 25.56, an increase of (4.94) for the experimental group. The results also showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the experimental group in the post- The average test was Achievement posttest (25.56), while the average achievement test posttest deferred (25.48); therefore these results have confirmed the effectiveness of the use of maps in the collection strategy Tagged English vocabulary material and the survival of the students of the sixth primary development.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Role-Play in Teaching and Formative Assessment for Undergraduate English- Major Students in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Salim Keezhatta
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Formative Assessment ◽  
English Language ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
English Major ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of the role-play as the teaching and formative assessment strategy for the undergraduate English major students from the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. To find the effectiveness and the impact of role-play as a teaching strategy, a quasi-experimental method was employed by using a pretest-posttest design wherein the pre and posttest results of 70 EFL students from experimental and the control groups were compared. The experimental group was taught some new areas of grammar, functions and vocabulary using role-play; simultaneously, the control group was taught the same items using the traditional method of teaching. The pretest revealed no significant difference in the knowledge level of the students between the two groups. On the other hand, the posttest results showed that there was a significant difference in the knowledge level of the students in favour of the experimental group. Further, a structured questionnaire was used to understand the perspective of the teachers on the efficacy of role-play in the assessment of students in the English language classes. A sample size of 20 teachers was used where it was found that role-play had a significant impact on the formative assessment. The findings of the study suggested role-play as an effective technique for the undergraduate English-major students in Saudi Arabia to solve the classroom interpersonal troubles, and it would help the students to imbibe the human-relation along with increasing their proficiency in the English language.

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