scholarly journals EXPLORE THE IMPACT OF NOISE STRESS INDUCED BRAIN WAVE PATTERN AND BEHAVIOUR ALTERATIONS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
JEYAKUMARI P ◽  
RAVINDRAN RAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Reference Memory ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Brain Wave ◽  
Behavioral Alteration ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of noise-induced stress and electroencephalogram (EEG) with behavioral alteration in male Wistar albino Rats. Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. Each group contains six animals. Rats exposed to acute and sub-acute noise, stress (100 dB/4 h) were compared with control animals and assessed for learning and memory using an Eight-arm radial maze, Y-maze, T-maze and also monitoring of brain electrical activity showed by the electro encephalography. Results: The reference memory and working memory error increases, in acute and sub-acute noise stress. The amplitude and frequency also increase in frontal and occipital lobar when compared to control animals. Conclusion: Animals were exposed to noise stress showed learning and memory impairment and also changes in EEG wave pattern.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective role of Glycyrrhiza glabra on chronic noise induced changes in Hippocampal morphology and its functions in wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
Archana Arjunan ◽  
Dhiraj Kumar Sah ◽  
Ravindran Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Noise Stress ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Hippocampal Morphology

Background: Noise has become inexorable stress due to the increase in urbanization, automobile usage, and lifestyle modification.Aim: The study aims to investigate the effect of chronic noise stress on hippocampal morphology and the neuroprotective effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) on stress-induced male Wistar albino rats.  Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into four groups. Each group contained six animals. Rats exposed to chronic noise stress (100 dB/4 h – 30Days),  Noise + GG (150 mg/kg Bw/Oral), and GG alone were compared with control animal and assessed for behaviour using the hole-board test, marble burying test, the morphology of hippocampus by histology, DNA fragmentation and assessed the Phytochemical constitutes in GG. Results: The rats exposed to chronic noise stress showed significance (p<0.05) of behavioral alterations such as increased fear and anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behaviour, enlarged lateral ventricle, and reduced hippocampal volume. Conclusion: The results reported that chronic noise stress affects the neurobehavioral due to reduced hippocampal volume.

scholarly journals Тhe Impact Of Positive Acceleration (+Gz) on Antioxidant Capacity and Histopathological Alterations in Different Organs and Tissues in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Jelena Ristic ◽  
Tamara Nikolic ◽  
Jovana Jeremic ◽  
Isidora Stojic ◽  
Snezana Janicijevic-Hudomal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Biochemical Systems ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Since the early 1940s, a significant amount of research has been conducted to describe the impact of the high-G acceleration on the cardiovascular system. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of the antioxidant enzyme system under biodynamic stress in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa in response to high-magnitude +Gz exposure in a rat model. Twenty adult male Wistar albino rats (10 rats per group; 9-11 weeks old, 200-250 g b.w.) were divided into the following two groups: control and G (exposed to a biodynamic stress model under positive (+7 Gz) acceleration for 40 s). The influence of acute biodynamic stress on pro-oxidative parameters in the rat liver (xanthine oxidase (XOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total content of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPx)) and on histopathological alterations in the liver, cardiac muscle and gastric mucosa was examined. Biodynamic stress resulting from positive (+7 Gz) acceleration resulted in a highly statistically signifi cant increase of CAT GSH-Px activity compared to the control group. The LPx levels were significantly decreased, but the GSH contents and the activities of other enzymes were not significantly changed. Significant microscopic changes in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa were observed in the G group. These results clearly indicate that +Gz acceleration alters biochemical systems. These alterations in cellular processes may be mediated by influences of hypoxia or ischaemia via changes in the antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Study of the effect of vildagliptin, a DPP-IV inhibitor on learning and memory dysfunction of diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461
Author(s):  
Trupti Rekha Swain ◽  
Manorama Swain ◽  
Suchismita Pattanaik
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Memory Dysfunction ◽  
Dpp Iv ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

Background: To evaluate whether vildagliptin, DPP-IV inhibitor possess a favorable effect on learning and memory dysfunction in the management of Diabetes mellitus.Methods: Forty Albino rats of either sex weighing 100-180g, were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each. Streptozotocin was used for induction of diabetes in rats. The rats were divided into 4 groups of eight rats in each. Group-1 was taken as control with no further intervention whereas group-2,3,4 were injected 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg,20mg/kg of vildagliptin respectively for a period of 2 months. At the end of first and second month of treatment period, the rats were subjected to Y maze and EPM tests. The data were analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance followed by Student’s t test for paired analysis.Results: There was significant decrease in no of arm entries and SAP (p<0.05) in group-1 with induced diabetes. In addition, there was slight increase in no of open arm entries with time spent in open arm for the same group. The decrease in no of arm entries and SAP progressively declined and the no of open arm entries with time spent in open arm progressively increased from group-2 to group 4 till the end of 1st month. After 2nd month there was further decrease in no of arm entries and SAP (p<0.05) for group-1. There was significant increase in all parameters for rest of the groups after 2nd month as compared to 1st month. The findings clearly infer the potency of vildagliptin in treating diabetes induced learning and memory impairment.Conclusions: Vildagliptin significantly reduces the incidence of diabetes induced memory impairment and improves learning if continued further.

EFFECT OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON REMINISCENCE AND APPREHENSION BEHAVIOR IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
KEERTHI PRIYA CS ◽  
MALATHI S ◽  
RAVINDRAN RAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Radial Maze ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of paradoxical sleep deprivation (SD) on learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behavior in female Wistar albino rats. Methods: Eight-arm radial maze, open-field test, and light and dark test were used to assess the animals learning and memory and anxiety-like behavior. Results: SD associated with weaker learning and memory and increased anxiety- and depressive-like behavior in animals. Conclusion: Animals were exposed to SD showed learning and memory impairment and also exhibited increased anxiety- and depressive-like behavior when compared to control animals.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS PICTUS D. DON LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
PASHA KHOOSHBU ◽  
IMTIYAZ ANSARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of anti-Alzheimer’s activity of the alcoholic extract of Costus pictus D. Don Leaves in Alzheimer induce Wistar albino rats. Methods: In the present study, the efficacy of an Extract of Costus pictus D. Don (ECPDD) was evaluated against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer in the Wistar albino rat. Donepezil at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, ECPDD was given in rat at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, 150 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Anti-Alzheimer activity was assessed by victimization novel object recognition test, elevated plus maze, and Y-maze. And by biochemical test like neurotransmitter esterase activity, catalase activity, malonyldialdehyd and glutathione assays. Results: Results showed that extracts treatment prevents Alzheimer and increases the level of acetylcholine, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and phytochemical studies identified the presence of flavonoid and alkaloid in the ECPDD. Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that the leave of C. pictus D. Don has significant anti-Alzheimer activity due to the presence of potent antioxidants such as flavonoid and anticholinesterase enzyme present in alkaloids.

Fluoride-induced thyroid dysfunction in rats: roles of dietary protein and calcium level

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
Z Yang ◽  
B Zhou ◽  
H Gao ◽  
X Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
The Impact

To assess the roles of dietary protein (Pr) and calcium (Ca) level associated with excessive fluoride (F) intake and the impact of dietary Pr, Ca, and F on thyroid function, 144 30-day-old Wistar albino rats were randomly allotted to six groups of 24 (female:male = 1:1). The six groups were fed (1) a normal control (NC) diet (17.92% Pr, 0.85% Ca = NC group); (2) the NC diet and high F (338 mg NaF [=150 mg F ion]/L in their drinking water = NC+F group); (3) low Pr and low Ca diet (10.01% Pr, 0.24% Ca = LPrLCa group); (4) low Pr and low Ca diet plus high F = LPrLCa+F group; (5) high Pr and low Ca diet plus high F (25.52% Pr, 0.25% Ca = HPrLCa+F group); and (6) low Pr and high Ca diet plus high F (10.60% Pr, 1.93% Ca = LPrHCa+F group). The areas of thyroid follicles were determined by Image-Proplus 5.1, and triiodothyronine (T3), free T3 (FT3), thyroxine (T4), and free T4 (FT4) levels in serum were measured by radioimmunoassay. The histopathological study revealed obviously flatted follicular epithelia cells and hyperplastic nodules, consisting of thyroid parafollicular cells that appeared by excessive F ingestion, on the 120th day. Pr or Ca supplementation reverses the F-induced damage in malnutrition. The serum T3, FT3, T4, and FT4 levels in the NC+F group were significantly decreased and significantly increased in the LPrLCa+F group. Thus, excessive F administration induces thyroid dysfunction in rats; dietary Pr and Ca level play key roles in F-induced thyroid dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf and fruit pulp on learning and memory in albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Pojala Kumar ◽  
Krishnakanth K. ◽  
Jagadeesh Alla
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: The objective was to study the effect of Aegle marmelos methanolic extracts of leaf (LE) and fruit pulp extract (FE) on learning and memory in albino rats. 40 healthy wistar albino rats of either sex were randomly divided into 10 groups of 4 each (n=4), weighing about 150 to 200 gm were selected for the study. The extracts i.e. 1ml of 1% carboxy methyl cellulose, LE and FE at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg were administered per oral one hour before the experiment.Methods: Learning and memory was assessed by elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze. Latency time and number of entries were assessed by elevated plus maze whereas only latency was assessed by Hebb William maze.Results: Plant extracts of LE and FE at doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg have shown significant percentage reduction in latency time in elevated plus maze and Hebb William maze (p<0.05) and reduction in the number of entries in elevated plus maze.Conclusions: LE and FE at doses 200 mg/kg have shown significant effect on learning and memory.

PHYTOREMEDIAL POTENTIAL OF HYDROALCOHOL EXTRACT OF SEEDS OF SORGHUM BICOLOR AGAINST DRUG-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (07) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Sreedevi Adikay ◽  
Sai Sruthi Kaveripakam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Prophylactic Regimen ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Nephroprotective Activity ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
The Impact

The gravity of the impact of drug induced nephrotoxicity is more prominent in society. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of Sorghum bicolor against cisplatin and doxorubicin- induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. The nephrotoxicity was modeled by intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (5 mg/kg b.w.) in cisplatin model and doxorubicin (15 mg/kg b.w.) in doxorubicin-induced model in rats. Nephroprotection of hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of S. bicolor was evaluated at two different doses of 200 and 400mg/kg b.w. The nephroprotective activity was assessed by the determination of various serum and urinary parameters, anti-oxidant studies, histological and immunohistochemical studies. The results indicated that injection of cisplatin and doxorubicin led to marked nephrotoxicity in animals. Treatment with extract in cisplatin-induced model resulted in significant nephroprotective activity in a curative regimen whereas in prophylactic regimen the extract prevented the induction of nephrotoxicity only up to a considerable level. But the extract failed to attenuate the doxorubicin induced nephrotoxicity, as evident by biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical studies. From the findings, it is concluded that the seeds of S. bicolor can be used as a novel approach in the treatment of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

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