scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF SODIUM ALGINATE COATED NANOPARTICLES OF METRONIDAZOLE FOR THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUKUL SINGH ◽  
GAURAV JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Biological Membrane ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Coated Nanoparticles ◽  
Acceptable Range

Objective: The present study was aimed to develop metronidazole (MNZ) loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) based mucoadhesive nanoparticles (NPs) in prolonged treatment in periodontitis. Methods: Nanoparticles were prepared by using single (SE) and double (DE) emulsion method to determine the suitability of methods. Prepared NPs were evaluated for surface morpholgy, mean particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, mucoadhesion ability and invitro-drug release, Results: SEM images confirmed that NPs were of spherical shape and smooth surface. Mean particle size, of MNZ loaded NPs were found 583.28±18.22 and 872.72±63.18 prepared by SE and DE method. Similarly, polidispersity index (0.68±0.1 and 0.83±0.06) and zeta potention (-33.29±0.7 and-31.28.0.6) was found in acceptable range. Prepared NPs were surface treated with Sodium alginate (SA) to increase mucoadhesive property. It was observe that particles remain adhere till 24 hr with biological membrane. Prepared NPs allow release of MNZ upto 24 h in sustained manner. Conclusion: This study confirms that the prepared MNZ loaded NPs may be used as an better alternate with addition application such as prolonged action thus improved patient compliance.

Application of Plakett-Burman Screening Design in Optimization of Process Parameters for Formulation of Canaglifozin Nanosuspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 5208-5216
Author(s):  
Nisha Patel ◽  
Hitesh A Patel
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Screening Design ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Response Variables

In this study, we sought to improve the dissolution characteristics of a poorly water-soluble BCS class IV drug canaglifozin, by preparing nanosuspension using media milling method. A Plackett–Burman screening design was employed to screen the significant formulation and process variables. A total of 12 experiment were generated by design expert trial version 12 for screening 5 independent variables namely the amount of stabilizer in mg (X1), stirring time in hr (X2), amt of Zirconium oxide beads in gm (X3), amount of drug in mg (X4) and stirring speed in rpm (X5) while mean particle size in nm (Y1) and drug release in 10 min. were selected as the response variables. All the regression models yielded a good fit with high determination coefficient and F value. The Pareto chart depicted that all the independent variables except the amount of canaglifozin had a significant effect (p<0.001) on the response variables. The mathematical model for mean particle size generated from the regression analysis was given by mean particle size = +636.48889 -1.28267 amt of stabilizer(X1) -4.20417 stirring time (X2) -7.58333 amt of ZrO2 beads(X3) -0.105556 amt of drug(X4) -0.245167 stirring speed(X5) (R2=0.9484, F ratio=22.07, p<0.001). Prepared canaglifozin nanosuspension exemplified a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the release as compared to pure canaglifozin and marketed tablet with the optimum formulation releasing almost 80% drug within first 10min. Optimized nanosuspension showed spherical shape with surface oriented stabilizer molecules and a mean particle diameter of 120.5 nm. There was no change in crystalline nature after formulation and it was found to be chemically stable with high drug content.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Alumina Nanoparticles in Deionized Water Using Laser Ablation Technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeradate Piriyawong ◽  
Voranuch Thongpool ◽  
Piyapong Asanithi ◽  
Pichet Limsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Al2O3nanoparticles were synthesized using laser ablation of an aluminum (Al) target in deionized water. Nd:YAG laser, emitted the light at a wavelength of 1064 nm, was used as a light source. The laser ablation was carried out at different energies of 1, 3, and 5 J. The structure of ablated Al particles suspended in deionized water was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns revealed that the ablated Al particles transformed intoγ-Al2O3. The morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The FE-SEM images showed that most of the nanoparticles obtained from all the ablated laser energies have spherical shape with a particle size of less than 100 nm. Furthermore, it was observed that the particle size increased with increasing the laser energy. The absorption spectra of Al2O3nanoparticles suspended in deionized water were recorded at room temperature using UV-visible spectroscopy. The absorption spectra show a strong peak at 210 nmarising from the presence of Al2O3nanoparticles. The results on absorption spectra are in good agreement with those investigated by XRD which confirmed the formation of Al2O3nanoparticles during the laser ablation of Al target in deionized water.

scholarly journals Preparasi dan Karakterisasi Mikroenkapsulasi Asam Mefenamat Menggunakan Polimer Kitosan dan Natrium Alginat dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aulia Mardikasari
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Mefenamic acid belongs to a class of the Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs that work as an analgesic. But mefenamic acid can cause gastrointestinal disorders, has unpleasant odors and tastes and sensitive to the influence of light and temperature. Microencapsulation technology is a technique where the active substance is coated by a thin layer so that the active substance is protected from environmental influences. The aim of this research was to formulate and characterize mefenamic acid in the form of microencapsulation using ionic gelation methods. Preparation was done by comparing 3 variations of concentrations of sodium alginate polymers. Success parameters include the entrapment efficiency, particle shape, particle size distribution, and dissolution test. The results showed that the entrapment efficiency  respectively 98,69%,  96,38%  and 93,98%, with spherical shape, and particle size that fulfilled the microencapsulation size range of 1,268 μm, 1,343 μm and 1.386 μm and the release of the active ingredients in an acidic medium of pH 1.2 was 8.811 mg/L, 6.751 mg/L and 5.965 mg/L, also on a base medium of pH 7.4  was 79.908 mg/L, 63.394 mg/L and 40,312 mg/L. So that microencapsulation of mefenamic acid can be prepared with polymer chitosan and sodium alginate using the ionic gelation method.

scholarly journals Mikroenkapsulasi Asam Mefenamat Menggunakan Polimer Kitosan dan Natrium Alginat dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Aulia Mardikasari ◽  
Suryani ◽  
Nur Illiyyin Akib ◽  
Rezki Indahyani
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Mefenamic Acid ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Mefenamic acid belongs to a class of the Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs that work as an analgesic. But mefenamic acid can cause gastrointestinal disorders, has unpleasant odors and tastes and sensitive to the influence of light and temperature. Microencapsulation technology is a technique where the active substance is coated by a thin layer so that the active substance is protected from environmental influences. The aim of this research was to formulate and characterize mefenamic acid in the form of microencapsulation using ionic gelation methods. Preparation was done by comparing 3 variations of concentrations of sodium alginate polymers. Success parameters include the entrapment efficiency, particle shape, particle size distribution, and dissolution test. The results showed that the entrapment efficiency  respectively 98,69%,  96,38%  and 93,98%, with spherical shape, and particle size that fulfilled the microencapsulation size range of 1,268 μm, 1,343 μm and 1.386 μm and the release of the active ingredients in an acidic medium of pH 1.2 was 8.811 mg/L, 6.751 mg/L and 5.965 mg/L, also on a base medium of pH 7.4  was 79.908 mg/L, 63.394 mg/L and 40,312 mg/L. So that microencapsulation of mefenamic acid can be prepared with polymer chitosan and sodium alginate using the ionic gelation method.

scholarly journals Synthesis of the platinum particle with the pH variation for the particle size control

2021 ◽  
Vol 2145 (1) ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
P Thongnopkun ◽  
W Kitprapot
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Size Control ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Platinum Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Reduction Methods

Abstract Platinum is a precious metal widely used in the jewelry industry due to its property and intrinsic value. The different particle sizes of platinum can be applied in various applications, especially for jewelry production. In the present article, submicron, and nano-sized platinum particle sizes were synthesized through simple chemical reduction methods and the effect of pH variation was revealed. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the pH variations give rise to significant changes of the obtained particle size. The size of platinum particle was decreased from submicron to nanoscale while the pH was increased. The UV-Vis spectra indicated the maximum absorption at 220 nm confirming the spherical shape of the platinum particle. The FT-IR spectroscopy was used to analyze the residuals from the synthesis. The result showed that there is no indication of residual in the synthesized particle. Additionally, this synthesis can provide stability in terms of size and shape, as well as high production yield.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TIMOLOL MALEATE-LOADED NANOPARTICLES GEL BY IONIC GELATION METHOD USING CHITOSAN AND SODIUM ALGINATE

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
RISA AHDYANI ◽  
LARAS NOVITASARI ◽  
RONNY MARTIEN
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Polydispersity Index ◽  
Ionic Gelation ◽  
Timolol Maleate ◽  
Optimum Formula

Objective: The objectives of this study were to formulate and characterize nanoparticles gel of timolol maleate (TM) by ionic gelation method using chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA). Methods: Optimization was carried out by factorial design using Design Expert®10.0.1 software to obtain the concentration of CS, SA, and calcium chloride (CaCl2) to produce the optimum formula of TM nanoparticles. The optimum formula was characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, Zeta potential, and molecular structure. Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) K15 was incorporated into optimum formula to form nanoparticles gel of TM and carried out in vivo release study using the Franz Diffusion Cell. Results: TM nanoparticles was successfully prepared with concentration of CS, SA, and CaCl2 of 0.01 % (w/v), 0.1 % (w/v), and 0.25 % (w/v), respectively. The particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, and Zeta potential were found to be 200.47±4.20 nm, 0.27±0.0154, 35.23±4.55 %, and-5.68±1.80 mV, respectively. The result of FTIR spectra indicated TM-loaded in the nanoparticles system. In vitro release profile of TM-loaded nanoparticles gel showed controlled release and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model was found to be the best fit for drug release kinetics. Conclusion: TM-loaded CS/SA nanoparticles gel was successfully prepared and could be considered as a promising candidate for controlled TM delivery of infantile hemangioma treatment.

scholarly journals Eudragit S-100 coated sodium alginate microspheres of naproxen sodium: Formulation, optimization and in vitro evaluation / Alginatne mikrosfere naproksen natrija obložene Eudragitom S-100: Priprava, optimizacija i in vitro vrednovanje

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuj Chawla ◽  
Pooja Sharma ◽  
Pravin Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Naproxen Sodium ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Eudragit S 100

The aim of the study was to prepare site specific drug delivery of naproxen sodium using sodium alginate and Eudragit S-100 as a mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive polymer, respectively. Core microspheres of alginate were prepared by a modified emulsification method followed by cross-linking with CaCl2, which was further coated with the pH dependent polymer Eudragit S-100 (2.5 or 5 %) to prevent drug release in the upper gastrointestinal environment. Microspheres were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, particle size analysis, drug loading efficiency, in vitro mucoadhesive time study and in vitro drug release study in different simulated gastric fluids. Stability studies of the optimized formulation were carried out for 6 months. SEM images revealed that the surface morphology was rough and smooth for core and coated microspheres, respectively. Core microspheres showed better mucoadhesion compared to coated microspheres when applied to the mucosal surface of freshly excised goat colon. The optimized batch of core microspheres and coated microspheres exhibited 98.42 ± 0.96 and 95.58 ± 0.74 % drug release, respectively. Drug release from all sodium alginate microsphere formulations followed Higuchi kinetics. Moreover, drug release from Eudragit S-100 coated microspheres followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas equation with a Fickian kinetics mechanism. Stability study suggested that the degradation rate constant of microspheres was minimal, indicating 2 years shelf life of the formulation.

Reduced graphene oxide/nano-Bioglass composites: processing and super-anion oxide evaluation

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (24) ◽  
pp. 19657-19661 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ashok raja ◽  
S. Balakumar ◽  
D. Durgalakshmi ◽  
R. P. George ◽  
B. Anandkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Composites Processing ◽  
45S5 Bioglass

45S5 Bioglass with a mean particle size in the nano regime was synthesized and fabricated with rGO sheets using three different strategies.

scholarly journals Biases Associated with Four Stream Substrate Samplers

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1882-1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Young ◽  
Wayne A. Hubert ◽  
Thomas A. Wesche
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
The Other ◽  
Substrate Composition ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Core Samples ◽  
Freeze Core ◽  
Single Probe ◽  
Core Sampler ◽  
Stream Substrate

We compared samples collected from 10 substrates of various compositions with a single-probe freeze-core sampler, a triple-probe freeze-core sampler, a McNeil sampler, and a shovel. The accuracy with which these devices sampled particles larger than 50 mm in diameter varied; they were oversampled by the freeze-core devices, sampled in proportion to their availability by a shovel, and sampled inconsistently by the McNeil sampler. The geometric mean particle size and variance of single-probe freeze-core samples consistently exceeded those of samples collected with the other devices. Most sample means also exceeded the test substrate means. By excluding the proportions of particles larger than 50 mm in diameter in our analyses, we found that proportions of several particles sizes in samples collected by different methods differed significantly from the actual proportions in test substrates. There were few differences between the single- and triple-probe freeze-core samples or between McNeil and shovel samples. All four samplers were biased, but the McNeil sampler most frequently produced samples that approximated the true substrate composition.

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