Quantification of heterogeneity to classify benign parotid tumors: a feasibility study on most frequent histotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 763-778
Author(s):  
Francesca Patella ◽  
Mario Sansone ◽  
Giuseppe Franceschelli ◽  
Laura Tofanelli ◽  
Mario Petrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Meaningful Improvement ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Aim: To differentiate Warthin tumors (WTs) and pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) measuring heterogeneity of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and dynamic-contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers. Methods: Volumes of interest were traced on 18 WT and 18 PA in 25 patients. For each IVIM and dynamic-contrast enhanced biomarker, histogram parameters were calculated and then compared using the Wilcoxon-signed-rank test. Receiver operating characteristic curves and multivariate analysis were employed to identify the parameters and their pairs with the best accuracy. Results: Most of the biomarkers exhibited significant difference (p < 0.05) between PA and WT for histogram parameters. Time to peak median and skewness, and D* median and entropy showed the highest area under the curve. No meaningful improvement of accuracy was obtained using two features. Conclusion: IVIM and dynamic-contrast enhanced histogram descriptors may help in the classification of WT and PA.

scholarly journals Effect of dual tocolysis with fenoterol and atosiban in human myometrium

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Stoiber ◽  
Christian Haslinger ◽  
Marie Kristin Schäffer ◽  
Roland Zimmermann ◽  
Leonhard Schäffer
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Human Myometrium ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Abstract Objectives To measure the tocolytic effect of the combination of the oxytocin receptor antagonist atosiban with the β-mimetic agent fenoterol on human myometrium of pregnant women. Methods An in vitro study of contractility in human myometrium at the Laboratory of the Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zürich, Switzerland, was performed. Thirty-six human myometrial biopsies were obtained during elective caesarean sections of singleton pregnancies at term. Tissue samples were exposed to atosiban, fenoterol and the combination of atosiban with fenoterol. Contractility was measured as area under the curve during 30 min of spontaneous contractions. The effect of treatment was expressed as the percentage of change from basal activity during 30 min of exposure. Differences were calculated using a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. An additive effect of dual tocolysis was assumed when no significant difference was detected between the observed and expected inhibition of dual tocolysis. When inhibition was greater or lower than expected, the dual combination was characterised as “synergistic” or “antagonistic”, respectively. Results Atosiban and fenoterol alone suppressed contractions by a median of 43.2% and 29.8%, respectively. The combination of atosiban plus fenoterol was measured at a level of 67.3% inhibition. There was no significant difference in the expected (63.2%) and observed inhibition effect of dual tocolysis (P=0.945). Conclusion This study demonstrated an additive effect of dual tocolysis of atosiban and fenoterol on human myometrium in vitro, but no synergistic or antagonistic effect.

scholarly journals Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI of Prostate Lesions of Simultaneous [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI: Comparison between Intraprostatic Lesions and Correlation between Perfusion Parameters

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1404
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Avan Kader ◽  
Dilyana B. Mangarova ◽  
Julia Brangsch ◽  
Winfried Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Close Correlation ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Standardized Uptake Values ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Lesions

We aimed to retrospectively compare the perfusion parameters measured from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of prostate benign lesions and malignant lesions to determine the relationship between perfusion parameters. DCE-MRI was performed in patients with PCa who underwent simultaneous [68Ga]Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI. Six perfusion parameters (arrival time (AT), time to peak (TTP), wash-in slope (W-in), wash-out slope (W-out), peak enhancement intensity (PEI), and initial area under the 60-s curve (iAUC)), and a semi-quantitative parameter, standardized uptake values maximum (SUVmax) were calculated by placing regions of interest in the largest area of the lesions. The DCE-MRI parameters between prostate benign and malignant lesions were compared. The DCE-MRI parameters in both the benign and malignant lesions subgroup with SUVmax ≤ 3.0 and SUVmax > 3.0 were compared. The correlation of DCE-MRI parameters was investigated. Malignant lesions demonstrated significantly shorter TTP and higher SUVmax than did benign lesions. In the benign and malignant lesions subgroup, perfusion parameters of lesions with SUVmax ≤ 3.0 show no significant difference to those with SUVmax > 3.0. DCE-MRI perfusion parameters show a close correlation with each other. DCE-MRI parameters reflect the perfusion characteristics of intraprostatic lesions with malignant lesions, demonstrating significantly shorter TTP. There is a moderate to strong correlation between DCE-MRI parameters. Semi-quantitative analysis reflects that malignant lesions show a significantly higher SUVmax than benign lesions.

PERBEDAAN FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE PASCA SECONDARY OFFERINGS

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Djaja Perdana ◽  
Herbowo Herbowo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Asset Turnover

This study aims to examine the differences in corporate financial performance before and after secondary offerings. The financial performance is proxied by WCR, DER, Solvency, ROA, ROE, Asset Turnover (ATO) and Growth ratio which representing the value of liquidity, financing, activity, performance and growth of the firm. The study involved 67 samples of the companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange conducting secondary offerings during 2008-2013 period and selected through purposive random sampling method and using Financial Statement data from 2005-2016 period. Hypothesis test is performed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test. The results of this study indicate that there is no significant difference in the ratio of Solvency, ROA and ROE between before and after secondary offerings, but there are significant differences in the ratio of WCR, DER, Asset Turnover and Growth. WCR ratio after secondary offerings increased, while DER ratio after secondary offerings decreased, the condition of both ratios showed better performance. While the indication of poor performance seen in decreasing asset turnover ratio and growth ratio.Keywords : agency theory, financial performance, secondary offerings

Potential application of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound in predicting microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yi Dong ◽  
Yijie Qiu ◽  
Daohui Yang ◽  
Lingyun Yu ◽  
Dan Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Microvascular Invasion ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Quantitative Perfusion ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (D-CEUS) in predicting the microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 16 patients with surgery and histopathologically proved HCC lesions were included. Patients were classified according to the presence of MVI: MVI positive group (n = 6) and MVI negative group (n = 10). Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations were performed within a week before surgery. Dynamic analysis was performed by VueBox ® software (Bracco, Italy). Three regions of interests (ROIs) were set in the center of HCC lesions, at the margin of HCC lesions and in the surrounding liver parenchyma accordingly. Time intensity curves (TICs) were generated and quantitative perfusion parameters including WiR (wash-in rate), WoR (wash-out rate), WiAUC (wash-in area under the curve), WoAUC (wash-out area under the curve) and WiPi (wash-in perfusion index) were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS: All of HCC lesions showed arterial hyperenhancement (100 %) and at the late phase as hypoenhancement (75 %) in CEUS. Among all CEUS quantitative parameters, the WiAUC and WoAUC were higher in MVI positive group than in MVI negative group in the center HCC lesions (P <  0.05), WiAUC, WoAUC and WiPI were higher in MVI positive group than in MVI negative group at the margin of HCC lesions. WiR and WoR were significant higher in MVI positive group. CONCLUSIONS: D-CEUS with quantitative perfusion analysis has potential clinical value in predicting the existence of MVI in HCC lesions.

Prediction of the number of metastatic axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer by radiomic signature based on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110258
Author(s):  
Lan Li ◽  
Tao Yu ◽  
Jianqing Sun ◽  
Shixi Jiang ◽  
Daihong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Delayed Phase

Background The number of metastatic axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) play a crucial role in the staging, prognosis and therapy of patients with breast cancer. Purpose To predict the number of metastatic ALNs in breast cancer via radiomics. Material and Methods We enrolled 197 patients with breast cancer who underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). A total of 3386 radiomic features were extracted from the early- and delayed-phase subtraction images. To classify the number of metastatic ALNs, logistic regression was used to develop a radiomic signature and nomogram. Results The radiomic signature were constructed to distinguish the N0 group from the N+ (metastatic ALNs ≥ 1) group, which yielded area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.82 and 0.81 in the training and test group, respectively. Based on the radiomic signature and BI-RADS category, a nomogram was further developed and showed excellent predictive performance with AUC values of 0.85 and 0.89 in the training and test groups, respectively. Another radiomic signature was constructed to distinguish the N1 (1–3 ALNs) group from the N2–3 (≥4 metastatic ALNs) group and showed encouraging performance with AUC values of 0.94 and 0.84 in training and test group, respectively. Conclusions We developed a nomogram and a radiomic signature that can be used to predict ALN metastasis and distinguish the N1 from the N2-3 group. Both nomogram and radiomic signature may be potential tools to assist clinicians in assessing ALN metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

scholarly journals Analysis of Indonesian Islamic and Conventional Banking Before and After 2008

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfianti Novita Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Law ◽  
Conventional Banks

<p>This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks before and after the implementation of Islamic Banking Act 2008. The performance will be measured using CAMEL ratio selected. This research is considered essential in examining the positive contribution of the application of the Act to improve the performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. By using secondary data, this study compared the performance of Islamic banks with that conventional bank selected as samples during the study period. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test for inter-temporal and Mann-Whitney test for inter-bank. Inter-temporal Tests conducted on Islamic Banking showed that a significant difference was only seen in the NPF ratio of 2 years before and after implementation of Islamic Banking Act. As for conventional banks showed a more diverse ie for 1 year before and after the application of the Law on Islamic Banking there are significant differences for the ROA and ROE, two years before and after implementation of the Law Islamic banking there are significant differences for the CAR, ROA, ROE and NIM and for the overall test a significant difference to CAR, ROA, ROE, NIM and efficiency. Inter-bank testing showed that prior to the application of Islamic Banking Act there are significant differences between conventional banks and Islamic banks to CAR, ROA and efficiency. Furthermore, after the application of Islamic Banking Act there is a significant difference for the CAR and LDR / FDR.</p>

scholarly journals DCEMRI.jl: A fast, validated, open source toolkit for dynamic contrast enhanced MRI analysis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Smith ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Lori R Arlinghaus ◽  
Thomas E Yankeelov ◽  
E. Brian Welch
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Problem Size ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Run Time

We present a fast, validated, open-source toolkit for processing dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data. We validate it against the Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) Standard and Extended Tofts-Kety phantoms and find near perfect recovery in the absence of noise, with an estimated 10-20x speedup in run time compared to existing tools. To explain the observed trends in the fitting errors, we present an argument about the conditioning of the Jacobian in the limit of small and large parameter values. We also demonstrate its use on an in vivo data set to measure performance on a realistic application. For a 192 x 192 breast image, we achieved run times of < 1 s. Finally, we analyze run times scaling with problem size and find that the run time per voxel scales as O(N1.9), where N is the number of time points in the tissue concentration curve. DCEMRI.jl was much faster than any other analysis package tested and produced comparable accuracy, even in the presence of noise.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Picture Story Books Reading to Increase Kindness in Children Aged 5-6 Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giyati Retnowati ◽  
Rose Mini Agoes Salim ◽  
Airin Y Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Storybook Reading ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of picture in storybook reading to increase kindness in children. This research involved 31 children aged 5-6 years; they were taken from the kindergarten in Bandung as the participants. The intervention was done by reading eight picture books in eight days. The kindness was measured using a measurement instrument created by the researcher, in the form of nine coloured cards that described the behaviour of kindness. The measurement was also done by seeing through the kindness tree and observation sheets that filled out by the teacher. The data analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test shows a significant difference in the average score of kindness (p<0,05) before and after picture storybook reading. Two weeks after the intervention, the improvement on all kindness behaviours with the post-test score is greater than pre-test score that still can be found. Observation through kindness tree and observational sheets shows the same result.

Macular dysfunction in patients with macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachments

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Akiyama ◽  
Kaoru Fujinami ◽  
Ken Watanabe ◽  
Toru Noda ◽  
Yozo Miyake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Oscillatory Potentials ◽  
Implicit Time ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Giant Retinal Tear ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Fellow Eyes

AimsTo assess macular function in patients with macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) using focal macular electroretinography (FMERG).MethodsThis is a prospective, observational case series of 27 patients diagnosed with a macula-on RRD. Foveal attachment was confirmed on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Eyes with any macular disorder, cataract, vitreous opacity or vitreous haemorrhage were excluded. FMERG was recorded in the affected and fellow eyes using a round stimulus 15° in diameter. The status of four retinal factors in the affected eyes was examined, that is, the number of involved quadrants, number of quadrants with retinal breaks, presence of an RRD invading the vascular arcade, and presence of a giant retinal tear. The implicit time and amplitude of the a-wave, b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were compared between the affected and fellow eyes using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The influence of the four retinal factors on each FMERG component of the affected eyes was also evaluated using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test.ResultsSignificant reductions in the amplitudes of the a-waves (p=0.001), b-waves (p<0.001) and OPs (p=0.001) were observed in the affected eyes compared with the fellow eyes. There was no significant difference between the affected and fellow eyes in the implicit times of any components. None of the four retinal factors affected the parameters in the affected eyes.ConclusionAltered FMERG responses suggested the presence of macular dysfunction in eyes with macula-on RRDs.

Use-fullness of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and diffusion weighted MR imaging for differentiation of benign and malignant parotid tumors

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Type C ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Malignant Parotid Tumors

Objectives: To evaluate the usefullness of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR Imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for differentiating benign from malignant parotid tumors. Methods: Prospectively,DCE-MRI and DWI were performed in 112 patients, with 148 confirmed parotid masses. The differential optimal thresholds were determined. Results: WConsidering tumors with time-intensity curve (TIC) Type C as malignant, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy were 95%, 76%, 79%, respectively. Considering ADC threshold values 0.709×10-3mm2 /s<ADC<0.948×10-3mm2 /s as malignant, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy were 75%, 78%, 78%, respectively. Considering TIC Type C and ADC values 0.709×10-3mm2 /s<ADC<0.948×10-3mm2 /s as malignant, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy were 75%, 91%, 89%, respectively. With threshold Kep<1.118 min-1 and Ve >0.315 between Warthin and malignant tumors, threshold Kep>0.555 min-1 and Ve <0.605 between pleomorphic adenomas and malignant tumors, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy for malignancy were 70% vs 90%, 96% vs 74%, 92% vs 80%, respectively. Conclusion: DCE-MRI and DWI provide more information in differentiating benign from malignant parotid tumors.

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