The role of metabolomics in personalized medicine for diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamiha Chowdhury ◽  
Sultan Mohammed Faheem ◽  
Shaik Sarfaraz Nawaz ◽  
Khalid Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Branch Chain Amino

Metabolomics is rapidly evolving omics technology in personalized medicine, it offers a new avenue for identification of multiple novel metabolic mediators of impaired glucose tolerance and dysglycemia. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy are most commonly used analytical methods in the field of metabolomics. Recent evidences showed that metabolomic profiles are link to the incidence of diabetes. In this review, an overview of metabolomics studies in diabetes revealed several diabetes-associated metabolites including 1,5 anhydroglycitol, branch chain amino acids, glucose, α-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroundecanoyl-carnitine and phosphatidylcholine that could be potential biomarkers associated with diabetes. These identified metabolites can be used to develop personalized prognostics and diagnostic, and help in diabetes management.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Insights into Alzheimer’s Disease Unveiled through the Investigation of Disturbances in Central Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Raúl González-Domínguez ◽  
Álvaro González-Domínguez ◽  
Ana Sayago ◽  
Juan Diego González-Sanz ◽  
Alfonso María Lechuga-Sancho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Direct Mass Spectrometry

Hydrophilic metabolites are closely involved in multiple primary metabolic pathways and, consequently, play an essential role in the onset and progression of multifactorial human disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This review article provides a comprehensive revision of the literature published on the use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platforms for approaching the central metabolome in Alzheimer’s disease research, including direct mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Overall, mounting evidence points to profound disturbances that affect a multitude of central metabolic pathways, such as the energy-related metabolism, the urea cycle, the homeostasis of amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides, neurotransmission, and others.

scholarly journals Kajian Manfaat Senyawa Aktif dalam Ekstrak Kulit Buah Coklat (Theobroma Cacao )

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Sukatik - ◽  
Rahmi Hidayati ◽  
Roni Tri Putra ◽  
Ratih Paramitha
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Polar Extracts ◽  
Hydroxy Groups

Identification of active compounds in cacao pod rind has been done. Cacao pod rind contained active compound alkaloid, theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine). Cacao pod rind extract contained some other active compounds mixed flavonoid or condensed tannin such as anthocyanin, anthocyanidin, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, and leucoanthocyanidin. Cacao pod rind was extracted by maceration using methanol 70% and fractionated with hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain polar extracts. This study used an experimental method that was analyzed descriptively using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Phytochemical screening test showed cocoa pod rind extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. GC-MS analysis showed that cacao pod rind extracts contained 24 compounds. Polar extracts analysis with LC-MS obtained 10 compounds contained hydroxy groups, which can be used as corrosion inhibitors on metal. The result of this study showed that cocoa pod rind has potential as corrosion inhibitor. It also has potential as an anti-bacterial and antioxidant.

scholarly journals Comparison of Strategies for the Determination of Sterol Sulfates via GC-MS Leading to a Novel Deconjugation-Derivatization Protocol

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 2353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Junker ◽  
Isabelle Chong ◽  
Frits Kamp ◽  
Harald Steiner ◽  
Martin Giera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Cleavage ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Steroid Profiling ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Indispensable Tool

Sulfoconjugates of sterols play important roles as neurosteroids, neurotransmitters, and ion channel ligands in health and disease. In most cases, sterol conjugate analysis is performed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. This is a valuable tool for routine analytics with the advantage of direct sterol sulfates analysis without previous cleavage and/or derivatization. The complementary technique gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a preeminent discovery tool in the field of sterolomics, but the analysis of sterol sulfates is hampered by mandatory deconjugation and derivatization. Despite the difficulties in sample workup, GC-MS is an indispensable tool for untargeted analysis and steroid profiling. There are no general sample preparation protocols for sterol sulfate analysis using GC-MS. In this study we present a reinvestigation and evaluation of different deconjugation and derivatization procedures with a set of representative sterol sulfates. The advantages and disadvantages of trimethylsilyl (TMS), methyloxime-trimethylsilyl (MO-TMS), and trifluoroacetyl (TFA) derivatives were examined. Different published procedures of sterol sulfate deconjugation, including enzymatic and chemical cleavage, were reinvestigated and examined for diverse sterol sulfates. Finally, we present a new protocol for the chemical cleavage of sterol sulfates, allowing for simultaneous deconjugation and derivatization, simplifying GC-MS based sterol sulfate analysis.

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