scholarly journals GENERAL CHARECTERISTICS OF CHICKPEA PRODUCERS AND THEIR PRODUCTION BEHAVIOURS IN TURKEY

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Arzu KAN ◽  
Mustafa KAN
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Agricultural Knowledge ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
Production Behavior ◽  
Agriculture Systems

Chickpea is an indispensable part of agriculture in Turkey besides being an important part of sustainable farming systems and also being an important food of Turkey. However, due to various reasons such as climate, disease and price policies, there are important decreases in cultivation areas. For this reason, it is one of the products aimed to increase reproduction in Turkish agriculture with the project "Bringing Fallow Lands to Production" initiated in 2018. With the Covid-19 pandemic, it has increased its importance because it is an important source of protein in a balanced diet today, where food security is again important for all countries. This study was prepared with the data obtained as a result of the survey conducted with 633 chickpea producers in 6 provinces (Çorum, Karaman, Kırşehir, Konya, Nevşehir and Yozgat) during the 2019 production season. The number of questionnaires was determined according to the Purposive Sampling Method. The aim of the study is to reveal the general characteristics and production behavior of producers in chickpea production. For this purpose, the producer was divided into 3 clusters by Cluster Analysis. These clusters are Innovative (INV), Traditional-Neutral (T-N) and Traditional-Agriculture (T-A). As a result of the study, it was determined that the producers in the INV cluster experienced less productivity loss, and the producers in the T-A group were the producers with the highest yield loss. It can be said that while economic factors are more effective in production decisions in all three clusters, agricultural knowledge is also effective in IN cluster besides economic factors. Consequently, when it is thought that the number of producers in T-N and T-A cluster are more than the other cluster (INV) in Turkey, the production market measures are the most important factors impressing to take decisions of producers in chickpea production. However, as in the INV cluster, the participation of producers in more production will pave the way for a conscious production. This situation will contribute to the development of circular economy in agriculture as well as for sustainable agriculture systems

scholarly journals The Influence of Socio-Economic Factors on The Productivity of Farmers in The Business of Layers in Blitar Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Dwiki Alfikriyadi Lutfi ◽  
Sumarji Sumarji ◽  
Ahsin Daroni
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Region Data ◽  
Farmer Education ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Blitar District is one of the areas that has potential in developing laying hens. However, laying hens in Blitar are still traditionally carried out and have not paid attention to aspects of effectiveness and efficiency economically. The purpose of the study was to find out the profile of farmer , test the level of farmer productivity and examine the effect of socio-economic factors (the age of farmer, education level, length of livestock raising and number of livestock) on labor productivity in laying hens in Blitar District. The study used a survey method with a sample of 22 sub-districts in Blitar District. The determination of the number of sub-districts was chosen using the purposive sampling method, so that 6 sub-districts were selected. Respondents were selected by the quota sampling method of 10 farmer in each selected region. Data collected were analyzed descriptively and statistically. To find out the social influence on productivity, classical assumption was tested and multiple linear regression tests. Based on the results of the study, the profile of laying hens in Blitar District carried out traditional farming systems with livestock ownership including high categories that had heterogeneous socio-economic status. Furthermore, labor productivity of laying hens in Blitar District is quite effective and efficient, because the value is greater than the minimum wage (UMR) of Blitar District. Age of farmers, education of farmers, and number of livestock have a significant influence on the productivity of laying hens farmers in Blitar District.

scholarly journals Factors that Affect the Productivity of Palm Oil Plantations Self-Help Patterns in Jambi Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-410
Author(s):  
Saidin Nainggolan ◽  
Mirawati Yanita ◽  
Manuel Leonardo
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Self Help

This study aims to analyze factors that affect the productivity of oil palm plantations in Jambi Province. This research was conducted in sentra palm oil production in Merangin Regency with the research locus of South Veil Subdistrict selected purposive. The data used consists of Primary Data that includes social factors, economic factors, behavior of the use of production inputs and productivity of oil palm plantations.. The sample size is 80 farmers. Sample withdrawal by Simple Random Sampling method Restoration of structural models factors that affect the productivity of oil palm plantations is used sem Partial Least Squaremodel. The results showed that social factors, economic factors and institutional access factors were in the moderate category. The productivity of oil palm plantations is relatively low. Manifest social factors, which have a very real effect is the age of farmers. Manifest market access and product prices have a very real effect on economic factors. Manifest access to fertilizer procurement and fertilizer prices has a very real effect on the behavior of the use of production inputs and moderation variables that have a significant effect on the productivity of oil palm plantations. Policies that need to be done to improve. Is the strengthening of economic factors in the field of product prices and market access, and upay6a strengthening the behavior of farmers in the use of production inputs, especially fertilizers by providing subsidy incentives.

REHABILITATION AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS ON DEGRADED SOILS IN THE HUMID ZONE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Aparin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Conservation Farming ◽  
Agriculture Systems

Most of the arable soils that became deposits at the turn of the 21st century have lowered their agroecological potential. This is due to degradation processes, which manifest in various forms depending on the structure of the soil cover, types of anthropogenic impact, and farming systems used. Assessing theagroecological potential of degraded soils is becoming more complicated due to global climate change. Thus, the problem arises of developing rehabilitation soil-conservation farming systems adapted to climate change and modern socio-economic conditions.

Assessment of Yield Loss in Green Gram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) Cultivation and Estimation of Weed-Free Period for Eco-Friendly Weed Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Pubudu Kumara ◽  
Kandiah Pakeerathan ◽  
Liyanage P. P. Deepani
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Pests And Diseases

Green gram (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is one of the most economically important grain legumes of the traditional farming systems of Sri Lanka because it is a cheap source of protein and animal feed, and sustains soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Weeds are one of the major problems in green gram cultivation, reducing the yield through competition, interference with harvest and harboring pests and diseases. Controlling of weeds by applying herbicides would definitely cause unexpected damage to human health and the abundant biodiversity of Sri Lanka. Therefore, an investigation was planned to evaluate the yield loss due to weeds and to determine the optimum weed free period to minimize the yield losses. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different weed functional groups on the yield of green gram. In the second experiment, weeds were continuously hand weeded and areas kept weed free. In the third, weeds were allowed to compete with green gram until 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 weeks after cultivation. All the treatments were conducted in randomized complete block design with three replicates. The data collected on types of weed, number of pods and pod weight at 3–6 weeks after planting (WAP) were analyzed using the SAS 9.4 statistical package, and DMRT was performed to determine the best treatment combination. The results from the first experiment showed that average yield loss due to total weed populations was 54.77%. Yield loss due to grasses alone was 46.56%, far worse than broad leaves (16.49%) and sedges (18.01%) at p < 0.05. Crop stand count at 3–4 WAP was not significantly different among treatments. However, biomass weight of 50 plants, number of pods in 50 plants and grain weight of 10 plants were found to be significantly different after 3–4 WAP in weed free conditions at p < 0.05%. When the weed free period increased, the yield was increased until 3 WAP; thereafter, not significant yield increment was observed. In contrast, yield steeply declined in plots that had weeds until 3 WAP. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the critical weed free period from the planting of green gram is 3 WAP. Maintaining a weed free period for 3–4 weeks is recommended to minimize the yield loss of green gram at minimal weed management cost.

Dual-purpose canola—a new opportunity in mixed farming systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kirkegaard ◽  
S. J. Sprague ◽  
H. Dove ◽  
W. M. Kelman ◽  
S. J. Marcroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Spring Canola

The term dual-purpose canola describes the use of a canola crop for forage before seed production. It could potentially provide a profitable and flexible break-crop option for mixed farms, but there have been no studies to test the concept in Australia. We investigated the feasibility of using canola in this way in field experiments near Canberra, Australia, from 2004 to 2006, using European winter and mid–late maturing Australian spring canola varieties. Winter varieties sown from early March to mid-April produced 2.5–5.0 t/ha of biomass providing 0.3–3.5 t/ha of high-quality forage grazed by sheep in winter. The spring varieties produced similar amounts of vegetative biomass from April sowing but were unsuited to the earlier March sowing as they flowered in early winter and did not recover from grazing. The canola forage was readily eaten by sheep; alkane-based estimates of diet composition indicated that >85% of the organic matter intake consisted of canola. Canola forage was also highly digestible (86–88%) and Merino hoggets grew at 210 g/day from a dry matter intake of 1530 g DM/day. The canola generally recovered well when grazed in winter before bud elongation. Delays in flowering associated with heavy grazing ranged from 0 to 4 days when grazed before buds were visible, to 28 days if the crop had commenced flowering. Significant delays in flowering (>14 days) associated with winter grazing did not reduce seed yield or oil content when favourable spring conditions allowed compensatory growth. Yield loss was observed when winter and spring conditions were unfavourable for compensatory growth, or if grazing continued too late into spring (late September) irrespective of seasonal conditions. The yield loss was more than offset by the value of the grazed forage and the mean gross margin for dual-purpose canola over the four experiments was $240 to $500 higher than for grain-only canola depending on the value assumed for the forage. The study indicates there is considerable scope to capture value from grazing early-sown canola crops during winter without significant, uneconomic trade-offs with seed yield. Further investigations in other medium to high rainfall environments in southern Australia are warranted.

scholarly journals Investigating the factors that affect the adoption of organic agriculture in Asokwa, Kumasi Metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Y. Adusei
Keyword(s):  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production ◽  
Organic Produce ◽  
Agriculture Systems ◽  
Depth Interviews

Urban agriculture, particularly organic vegetable production is promoted because of its contribution to food security and enhanced income.  More so, organic agriculture considerably enhances the income of urban farmers who practice it. The objective was to investigate the factors that affect farmers' decision to adopt organic agriculture. Due to the contamination of vegetables with conventional agriculture systems, increasing concerns about the quality of food, the health of consumers and the environmental impacts of farming systems, organic agriculture is being promoted by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture as a means of addressing the problem. Since the introduction of organic agriculture, some farmers have adopted the technology while others have not. Sixteen farmers were selected, ten from those adopting and six from those not adopting. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to extract data from the participants. For those who adopted, the knowledge of their parents and forefathers on agriculture and their personal experiences by comparing their organic produce with conventional ones greatly inspired their decision on adoption. Factors leading to non-adoption are: inadequate awareness about organic farming, difficulty in controlling pests, diseases and improving soil fertility and perceived lack of market for the organic vegetables. As a result, effective extension monitoring and training are recommended to enhance the adoption and sustainability of organic agriculture. 

scholarly journals Leptospira in livestock in Madagascar: uncultured strains, mixed infections and small mammal-livestock transmission highlight challenges in controlling and diagnosing leptospirosis in the developing world

Parasitology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (14) ◽  
pp. 1707-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soanandrasana Rahelinirina ◽  
Mark H. Moseley ◽  
Kathryn J. Allan ◽  
Emmanuel Ramanohizakandrainy ◽  
Sati Ravaoarinoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogen ◽  
Livestock Productivity ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Pooled Samples ◽  
Single Kidney

AbstractIn developing countries, estimates of the prevalence and diversity of Leptospira infections in livestock, an important but neglected zoonotic pathogen and cause of livestock productivity loss, are lacking. In Madagascar, abattoir sampling of cattle and pigs demonstrated a prevalence of infection of 20% in cattle and 5% in pigs by real-time PCR. In cattle, amplification and sequencing of the Leptospira-specific lfb1 gene revealed novel genotypes, mixed infections of two or more Leptospira species and evidence for potential transmission between small mammals and cattle. Sequencing of the secY gene demonstrated genetic similarities between Leptospira detected in Madagascar and, as yet, uncultured Leptospira strains identified in Tanzania, Reunion and Brazil. Detection of Leptospira DNA in the same animal was more likely in urine samples or pooled samples from four kidney lobes relative to samples collected from a single kidney lobe, suggesting an effect of sampling method on detection. In pigs, no molecular typing of positive samples was possible. Further research into the epidemiology of livestock leptospirosis in developing countries is needed to inform efforts to reduce human infections and to improve livestock productivity.

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