scholarly journals Main Stages in the Formation of the Theory of Architecture of the Spanish Renaissance (Based on Treatises of the 16th–17th centuries)

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-89
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Sim ◽  
Galina Stogova
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Design Evolution ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Artistic Experience ◽  
Architecture Generation

The Spanish treatises of the 16th — early 17th century on the theory of architecture are reviewed in the context of design evolution, stylistic features of text and visual material, sources of theoretical thought of predecessors that influenced the creative rethinking of architecture, generation of new original ideas and the determination of their place in the evolution of the architectural views of the Renaissance as a whole. The appeal to antiquity as a treasury of humanistic values was typical for the Spanish culture of the 16th century. The Spanish theorists interpreted the focus on the classical tradition in architecture as the embodiment of the ideas of Christian architecture, the source of which was the theoretical legacy of the Italian Renaissance. The main stages in the formation of the theory of architecture of the Spanish Renaissance are reflected in the works of Diego de Sagredo “The Medidas del Romano” (1526), Juan de Arfe “Measurements for architecture and sculpture” (1564), Fray Lorenzo de san Nicolás “Art use of architecture” (1639). The authors of the treatises tell about the benefits and the need for study, use the construction and artistic experience of antiquity, and provide a didactic overview of the most significant theoretical works of their predecessors with practical tips for building professional skills. In general, the Vitruvian style as the structural basis of classicism was very popular in Spain during Renaissance, and its components serve as the fundamental method of practical use at each stage of the development of architecture.

Rīgā 17. gadsimtā sacerētās latīņu kāzu dzejas komponentes

2020 ◽  
pp. 212-226
Author(s):  
Anna Strode
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Protestant Reformation ◽  
Latin Poetry ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Occasional Poetry ◽  
Pseudo Dionysius

Soon after the Protestant Reformation took place in Livonia in the 16th century, the currents of European humanism came to Livonia. As a result of the historical and religious impact, the level of education increased, enabling an environment for the development of the literature. Soon various Latin poetry texts int. al. 17th-century occasional poetry written by the humanists of Riga started to appear. The aim of the article is to bring to light the components of nuptial (epithalamium, ὑμέναιος/hymenaeus, carmen nuptialis, etc.) poetry written in Riga in the 17th century, as well as by exploring the specific features of occasional poetry to capture readers’ and researchers’ interest in the previously undiscovered cultural heritage. At the beginning of the article, the tradition of nuptial poetry is explained. Then, by examining the basic principles one must take into account in composing occasional poetry based on works of the ancient rhetors – Menander (Μένανδρος Ῥήτωρ, c. 3rd century), pseudo-Dionysius (pseudo-Dionysius/Διονύσιος), Himerius (Ἱμέριος, c. 315–c. 386) and the book “Seven Books on Poetry” (Poetices libri septem, 1561) written by Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) – a table of the most used topics in nuptial poetry is formed. Afterwards, the poetry written in Riga and its most typical components (didactics, laudation, inducement, foresight, wishes/congratulations and prayers) is compared to the topics offered by previously mentioned theoreticians. Fragments of Latin nuptial poetry written in Riga are included to portray the components of poetry more clearly. All translations of poetry included in the article are made by the author of the article.

Rekonstruktion des Ursprungs und Neudatierung zweier magischer Gemmen mit Hilfe einer Zauberzeichensequenz

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Kirsten Dzwiza
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
New Findings ◽  
State Museum ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts ◽  
First Time

SummaryThere are only a few sequences of ancient magic signs known to us today that have been preserved on multiple artefacts. A previously unnoticed sequence of 17 signs on a gem in the Museum of Fine Arts in Vienna occurs with minor but significant variations on two other gems in the State Museum of Egyptian Art in Munich. The Viennese gem is dated to the 16th century and is documented as a drawing in a 17th century publication. The first Munich gem has been assigned to the Graeco-Roman period. The second gem, which, according to the inventory card of the museum, also belongs to the Graeco-Roman period, is published here for the first time. A comparative study of the three gems and the drawing has lead to a number of new findings, including the re-dating of the Munich gems.

Origine et diffusion des expressions romanes du type jaune paille

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27
Author(s):  
Sara Matrisciano ◽  
Franz Rainer
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Short Discussion ◽  
Colour Term ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
And Diffusion

All major Romance languages have patterns of the type jaune paille for expressing shades of colour represented by some prototypical object. The first constituent of this pattern is a colour term, while the second one designates a prototypical representative of the colour shade. The present paper starts with a short discussion of the controversial grammatical status of this pattern and its constituents. Its main aim, however, concerns the origin and diffusion of this pattern. We have not found hard and fast evidence that Medieval Italian pigment compounds of the type verderame influenced the rise of the jaune paille pattern, which first appears in French in the 16th century. This pattern continued to be a minority solution during the 17th century, but established itself during the 18th century. In the 19th century, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese adopted the pattern jaune paille, while it did not reach Catalan and Romanian before the 20th century.

Reading Martin Jane’s “Skopic Regimes of Modernity”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyara Popova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Renaissance Painting ◽  
The Way

The work builds on Martin Jane’s text “Skopic Regimes of Modernity” and follows the set rhythm. Text has a fund of physical, physiological, psychological, artistic, and artistic knowledge as a broad culturalgnoseological network of information tendentiously put into the notes; it produces a resource for constantly correlating meaningfully and referring to it focuses on their own visual research issues. In this way, it can bring the vision of a dominant sense to perception in no way as conception, presentation, understanding of reality, and the way this visual perception is expressed in the Italian Renaissance painting and in the Flemish one from the 17th century.

scholarly journals Maciej Ziemierski, Testamenty krakowskiej rodziny Królików z XVII w.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 11-41
Author(s):  
Maciej Ziemierski
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Family Members ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Town ◽  
Distinguished Member

17th century testaments of the Królik family from Krakow The article is dedicated to the Królik family from Krakow, who lived in the town from the late 16th century until the first years of the 18th century. The family members initially worked as tailors, later reinforcing the group of Krakow merchants in the third generation (Maciej Królik). Wojciech Królik – from the fourth generation – was a miner in Olkusz. The text omits the most distinguished member of the family, Wojciech’s oldest brother, the Krakow councillor Mikołaj Królik, whose figure has been covered in a separate work. The work shows the complicated religious relations in the family of non-Catholics, initially highly engaged in the life of the Krakow Congregation, but whose members gradually converted from Evangelism to Catholicism. As a result, Wojciech Królik and his siblings became Catholics. This work is complemented by four testaments of family members, with the first, Jakub Królik’s, being written in 1626 and the last one, Wojciech Królik’s, written in 1691.

scholarly journals Semiotics of Old Age in Polish Neo-Latin Poetry. Samboritanus, Cochanovius, Treter, Sarbievius, Ines

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elwira Buszewicz
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Old Age ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Latin Poetry

The main aim of this paper is to analyze several early-modern Neo-Latin poems written by Polish authors; the poems deal (in different ways) with old age. The poets undertake a kind of intertextual game with the reader, applying various stereotypes and clichés. On can speak about a “semiotic landscape” of old age. The authors taken into consideration are Jan Kochanowski, Grzegorz of Sambor, Thomas Treter (16th century) and Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski, Albert Ines (17th century).

scholarly journals La Universidad de Valencia: semblanza de profesores (1596 – 1611) = The University of Valencia: Semblance of Professors (1596 – 1611)

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
José Seguí Cantos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The University ◽  
Catholic Reform

Resumen: Este trabajo trata de mos­trar un retrato de los profesores más impor­tantes de la Universidad de Valencia en los años de Felipe II y primeros años del reinado de Felipe III. Se describen las distintas trayec­torias vitales de profesores de los estudios de latinidad y de las distintas facultades. La sucesión de maestros y discípulos es la cons­tatación de que en los años finales del siglo XVI y primeros del siglo XVII asistimos en Valencia al paso de la Universidad del huma­nismo a la universidad de la contrarreforma provocado por el relevo en los profesores, la aplicación de los decretos de Trento al ámbito de la cultura, la aparición de las cátedras pa­vordías y la crisis económica que afecta a la ya maltrecha economía de la Universidad.Palabras clave: Universidad Valencia, profesores, humanismo, reforma católica.Abstract: This research intends to show a biographical portrait of the most im­portant professors of the university of Valen­cia during the reign of Philip II and the first years of the reign of Philip III. It focuses on the different vital trajectories of the profes­sors of the studies of Latinity and the various faculties. The succession of professors and disciples is the confirmation that, in the final years of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, Valencia is witnessing the turn of the Humanism university into the Counter-Reformation university. This was mainly caused by the replacement of profes­sors, the application of the decrees of Trent to the field of culture, the emergence of the pavordía chairs and the economic crisis that affected the already battered economy of the university.Keywords: University of Valencia, tea­chers, humanism, catholic reform.

scholarly journals Convention as the Source of the Avant-Garde. Remarks on the Inventiveness of Poetics of the Past

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1 SELECTED PAPERS IN ENGLISH) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Barbara Niebelska-Rajca
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Past ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Dominant Tendency ◽  
Late Renaissance ◽  
Theoretical Reflection ◽  
Present Text

The Polish version of the article was published in “Roczniki Humanistyczne,” vol. 59 (2011), issue 1. Modern theoretical-literary treatises, defined as normative poetics, are usually connected with the dominance of the convention and normativism, with obligatory rules, canonical concepts and restrictive directives hampering originality. The present text tries to revise the conviction that convention is a dominant tendency in the development of the old theoretical thought; it tends to show the avant-garde aspects of modern poetics and to present the relations between what is conventional and what is innovative in the most original theoretical texts of late Renaissance and Baroque. Examples of two avant-garde modern poetics—Francesco Patrizi’s theory of wonder formed at the end of the 16th century and the 17th century Emanuele Tesauro’s conceptistic theory—show that tradition and convention are necessary elements of inventive theories. The avant-garde of poetics of the past, contrary to the avant-garde of the 20th century, is not born from the defiance of the earlier theories but is formed by way of modernizing and transforming them. Old inventive theories—despite all the departures from tradition—are still part of the classical paradigm. Hence, the avant-garde character of late-Renaissance and Baroque theoretical reflection consists in a peculiar synergy of convention and novelty.

scholarly journals DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN ACEH AND TURKEY DURING THE REIGN OF SULTAN ALAUDDIN MANSUR SHAH (1577-1585 / 1586)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-142
Author(s):  
Khairul Nizam Bin Zainal Badri
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Military

Aceh is regarded as the strongest ally of the Ottomans in the east, in the 16th century and 17th century AD. At that time, the two governments exchanged gifts with each other, and benefited together; whether in the form of trade, or in the form of technology and the military. The historical record notes that Aceh started making official relations with the Ottomans during the reign of Sultan Salahuddin, which is the 2nd in the Sultanate of Aceh. Yet to be studied in this paper is that the establishment of diplomatic relations between Aceh and Turkey during the reign of Sultan Alauddin Mansur Shah. Remarkably, Sultan Alauddin Mansur Shah hailed from Perak, but was crowned the 8th Ruler of Aceh. This qualitative study uses the library approach entirely to highlight the role and contribution of Sultan Alauddin Mansur Shah in efforts to strengthen cooperation between Aceh and Turkey. With the help of the Ottomans, he launched an attack on the Portuguese in Melaka. Aceh’s strength even feared by the Portuguese authorities in Goa, India, forcing them to seek assistance from Lisbon. In conclusion, Sultan Alaudin Mansur Shah not only gained recognition from the Ottoman government but also succeeded in upholding the greatness of Islam; when reviving the trade routes of Muslims and looking after the welfare of Muslims in the archipelago.

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