Demand Side Management Techniques for Peak Reduction

Industrial growth is the back bone for the development of any nation. Industries are mainly dependent on electrical energy. But from the various studies, the sources for electrical energy are decreasing gradually, and in turn, the gap is increasing between the supplier and the load. The solution for this scenario is optimal utilization of resources. To overcome this problem , the concept Demand Side Management (DSM) has emerged in Power System Planning and Management. The principle objective of DSM is mutual understanding between the supplier and the consumer for maximizing benefits and minimizing inconvenience. The aim of this research work is selection and application of appropriate DSM techniques to industrial and domestic loads for peak load management and energy conservation, that is to control the maximum demand during the peak hours and saving the energy by using the energy efficient and intelligent appliances like air conditioners and water heaters. DSM includes techniques like the End Use Equipment Control, the Load Priority Technique, he Peak Clipping & Valley filling, the Differential Tariff and Resizing of the equipment. Depending upon the application, all the techniques may be applied sequentially, or only a few of them can be applied. There is a lot of ambiguity in the selection of DSM techniques, because the application of each DSM technique depends on the case study and the problem associated with the respective case study. After comprehensive understanding of a particular case, a thorough investigation and subsequent data analysis pave the way for the selection of appropriate DSM technique/techniques