scholarly journals Secure and Energy Efficient Data Transaction in WSN through SSCHS Routing Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021
Author(s):  
R. Soundarya
Keyword(s):  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Election Process

Abstract: Wireless sensor networks are widely used due to its usage and advantages because it can utilize in mission critical tasks. One of the major issues in WSN is reliable data delivery without any loss and to increase network lifetime by utilizing energy efficient process. The objective of this work is to increase network lifetime at the same time ensuring high packet delivery ratio. Clustering is one of the best methods to increase network lifetime, however election process of cluster head will consume energy and reduces network performance. Therefore in proposed work, energy efficient cluster based routing protocol has been implemented which includes residual energy and distance as major parameter to form cluster. Cluster head selection will be a static process, once cluster is formed cluster head will be selected through election process after transaction the residual energy in CH will be checked with the threshold value and same CH will again act as head this reduces cluster formation and election process. In addition to provide secure data transaction MD5 algorithm has been implemented. Attack based data loss is also reduced and concentrated in proposed work to achieve objective of this work. Keywords: (SSCHS) Secure static cluster head selection, network lifetime, cluster, MD5 and Static cluster head.

Fuzzy Sets Based Cluster Routing Protocol For Internet of Things

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Sankar ◽  
P.Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Lossy Networks ◽  
Head Node

Increasing the lifetime of low power and lossy networks (LLN) is a major challenge, as the nodes have low power, low memory, and low processing capacity. Clustering is a technique used to minimize the energy consumption of sensor nodes. This article proposes a fuzzy sets-based cluster routing protocol (FC-RPL) to extend the network lifetime in LLN. It has three processes: cluster formation, cluster head selection, and cluster head parent selection. It forms the clusters based on the Euclidean distance. It applies the fuzzy set over the metrics residual energy, number of neighbors and centrality, to select the cluster head in each cluster. The cluster head node chooses the best parent node in the DODAG for data transfer. The simulation is performed using COOJA simulator. The simulation result shows that FC-RPL extends the network lifetime by 15-25% and increases the packet delivery ratio by 2-6%.

Energy Efficient Cluster-based Routing using Hybrid Approach of Fuzzy and Ida-Star for Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohaideen Pitchai K
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cluster Head Selection

Abstract Appropriate cluster head selection can significantly reduce energy consumption and enhance the lifetime of the WSN. The choice of cluster heads, which is a pivotal step in the cluster-based algorithm, can seriously influence the performance of the clustering algorithm. Under normal circumstances, whether a node can be a cluster head or not depends not only on its energy level but also on the other factors such as energy consumption, channel lost, neighbor density, etc. In this sense, the selection of the cluster head can be regarded as a multiple criteria decision-making issue. This paper presents an Energy efficient Cluster Head selection using Fuzzy Logic (ECHFL) protocol, which combines the approaches of the fuzzy and IDA-star algorithm. This protocol selects the appropriate cluster head by using fuzzy inference rules. It uses three parametric descriptors such as residual energy, expected residual energy, and node centrality for the cluster formation and cluster head selection processes. These parameters contribute mainly for avoiding over-dissipation of energy in the network by selecting the suitable cluster head for the network. This protocol shows how fuzzy logic can be used in the cluster formation process to distribute the tasks and energy consumption over all the nodes. As a summary, the proposed protocol gives good performance results in comparison with the other protocols.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Clustering Multi-Hop Routing Protocol in a UWSN

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Nhat-Tien Nguyen ◽  
Thien T. T. Le ◽  
Huy-Hung Nguyen ◽  
Miroslav Voznak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Depth Level ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Energy Efficient Clustering

Underwater wireless sensor networks are currently seeing broad research in various applications for human benefits. Large numbers of sensor nodes are being deployed in rivers and oceans to monitor the underwater environment. In the paper, we propose an energy-efficient clustering multi-hop routing protocol (EECMR) which can balance the energy consumption of these nodes and increase their network lifetime. The network area is divided into layers with regard to the depth level. The data sensed by the nodes are transmitted to a sink via a multi-hop routing path. The cluster head is selected according to the depth of the node and its residual energy. To transmit data from the node to the sink, the cluster head aggregates the data packet of all cluster members and then forwards them to the upper layer of the sink node. The simulation results show that EECMR is effective in terms of network lifetime and the nodes’ energy consumption.

scholarly journals An Efficient Leader Node Selection for Movable Nodes in WSN using PSO Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5072-5078
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Efficient Prediction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Effective Group

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a group of sensor devices, which are used to sense the surroundings. The network performance is still an issue in the WSN and an efficient protocol is introduced such as LEACH. To improve the stability, LEACH with fuzzy descriptors is used in preceding research. However the existing has drawback with effective group formation in heterogeneous WSN and also it is not achieved the Super Leader Node (SLH). To overcome the above mentioned issues, the proposed system enhances the approach which is used for increasing the energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, and bandwidth and network lifetime. The proposed paper contains three phases such as grouping formation, Leader Node (LN) selection, SLN selection with three main objectives:(i) to acquire Energy-Efficient Prediction Clustering Algorithm (EEPCA) in heterogeneous WSN for grouping formation (ii)To design Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy- Expected Residual Energy (LEACH-ERE) protocol for LN selection.(iii)To optimize the SCH selection by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based fuzzy approach. The clustering formation is done by Energy-Efficient Prediction Clustering Algorithm (EEPCA) in heterogeneous WSN. It is used to calculate the sensor nodes which have shortest distance between each node. The LEACH-ERE protocol was proposed to form a Leader Node (LN) and all the nodes has to communicate with sink through LN only. New SLN is elected based on distance from the sink and battery power of the node.

scholarly journals Optimization of Energy Efficient Advance Leach Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 07-16
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Dr. Rajeev Bedi ◽  
Mohit Marwaha
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Leach Protocol

In WSNs, the only source to save life for the node is the battery consumption. During communication with other area nodes or sensing activities consumes a lot of power energy in processing the data and transmitting the collected/selected data to the sink. In wireless sensor networks, energy conservation is directly to the network lifetime and energy plays an important role in the cluster head selection. A new threshold has been formulated for cluster head selection, which is based on remaining energy of the sensor node and the distance from the base station. Proposed approach selects the cluster head nearer to base station having maximum remaining energy than any other sensor node in multi-hop communication. The multi hop approach minimizing the inter cluster communication without effecting the data reliability.

Salp

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vrajesh Kumar Chawra ◽  
Govind P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Cluster Head Selection ◽  
Research Issue ◽  
Energy Hole ◽  
Node Clustering

The formation of the unequal clusters of the sensor nodes is a burning research issue in wireless sensor networks (WSN). Energy-hole and non-uniform load assignment are two major issues in most of the existing node clustering schemes. This affects the network lifetime of WSN. Salp optimization-based algorithm is used to solve these problems. The proposed algorithm is used for cluster head selection. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with the two-node clustering scheme in the term of residual energy, energy consumption, and network lifetime. The results show the proposed scheme outperforms the existing protocols in term of network lifetime under different network configurations.

FLCEER

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-101
Author(s):  
Sathishkumar Natesan ◽  
Rajakumar Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Acoustic Sensor Networks ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Offshore Oil

Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASN) play a crucial role in various applications such as tsunami detection, surveillance of the ocean by the defense department, monitoring offshore oil, and identifying gas basins underwater. UASNs can be one of the supporting infrastructures for the Internet of Things (IoT). UASNs have the problems of long latency, high bit error rate, and low bandwidth. These pose various challenges such as high consumption of energy, low reliability, low packet retransmission, and high delay for UASNs. To overcome the shortcomings mentioned above, various approaches are suggested. This article proposes a multi-layer fuzzy logic cluster-based energy-efficient routing protocol for UASNs. It splits the network area into equal sized rings. The priority number (PRN) is utilized for all underwater cluster heads (UCHs). Based on the highest PRN, the UCH starts communicating among UCHs. Here, the PRN makes the task very selective avoiding collisions and also reducing propagation delays. The cluster formation is done by sending a message to all underwater cluster members (UCMs) and the selection of UCH and UCM are done. Each has a threshold value. The intra-ring clustering process splits a ring into equal-sized clusters. Additionally, inter-cluster routing applies the fuzzy logic metrics to choose the optimum data route in transferring the data from the underwater cluster head (UCH) to the sink node (SN). It is tested using Aqua-Sim simulation which is based on NS2. It is compared with an existing protocol such as multi-layer cluster energy efficient (MLCEE), depth-based routing (DBR), energy efficient DBR (EEDBR). The results prove that it has improved energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and the network's lifetime.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Baniata ◽  
Jiman Hong
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor

The recent advances in sensing and communication technologies such as wireless sensor networks (WSN) have enabled low-priced distributed monitoring systems that are the foundation of smart cities. These advances are also helping to monitor smart cities and making our living environments workable. However, sensor nodes are constrained in energy supply if they have no constant power supply. Moreover, communication links can be easily failed because of unequal node energy depletion. The energy constraints and link failures affect the performance and quality of the sensor network. Therefore, designing a routing protocol that minimizes energy consumption and maximizes the network lifetime should be considered in the design of the routing protocol for WSN. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Unequal Chain Length Clustering (EEUCLC) protocol which has a suboptimal multihop routing algorithm to reduce the burden on the cluster head and a probability-based cluster head selection algorithm to prolong the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the EEUCLC mechanism enhanced the energy balance and prolonged the network lifetime compared to other related protocols.

Reliable and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Under Water Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Fatima Al-Shihri ◽  
Mohammed Arafah
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Link Quality ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Forwarding Node ◽  
Water Sensor

The authors proposed a Reliable and energy efficient Routing Protocol (RRP) for underwater sensor network, integrating the desired features of the Directional Flooding based Routing (DFR) and Vector Based Void Avoidance (VBVA) protocols. The new algorithm considers reliability and takes into consideration the residual energy for each node before choosing the forwarding node. RRP relies on a packet flooding technique to increase reliability. However, to prevent a packet from flooding to the whole network, they control the number of nodes forwarding a packet by measuring a link quality between nodes in a hop by hop. To mitigate the effect of the inherent void problem, the authors consider residual energy, link quality, and distance from destination node to choose a reliable path to forward packet to destination. The authors observe that RRP protocol has better performance in terms of the packet delivery ratio than the DFR protocol due to the void avoidance technique.

Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol on Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 1050-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gui Lin ◽  
Hui Qi Zhang ◽  
Xu Yang Wang ◽  
Fang Qin Yao ◽  
Zhen Xing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient Routing ◽  
Simulation Results

To the disadvantages, such as high energy consumption and the energy consumption imbalance, we proposed an energy-efficient routing protocol on mobile sink (MSEERP) in this paper. In the MSEERP, the network is divided into several square virtual grids based on GAF, each grid is called a cluster, and the cluster head election method of GAF is improved. In addition, the MSEERP introduces a mobile sink in the network, the sink radios in limited number of hops and uses control moving strategy, namely the sink does not collect the information until it moves to a cluster with highest residual energy. We applied NS2 to evaluate its performance and analyze the simulation results by the energy model. Simulation results show that the MSEERP balances the energy consumption of the network, saves nodes energy and extends the network lifetime.

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