scholarly journals The landscaping of urban agglomeration park systems

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 294-306
Author(s):  
Aleksandra V. Ostyakova ◽  
Ekaterina V Pluisnina
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
City Water ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Introduction. Studying water body ecological problems and ensuring the necessary level of sanitary maintenance and landscaping of the reservoirs with the surrounding areas are relevant due to the inadequate environmental condition of a large number of urban water bodies and small rivers within settlements. Materials and methods. The review of the available normative documents and the carried-out actions on the improvement of city water objects is given. Based on the visual study of the state of the pond banks at the Karbyshev Park at the settlement of Nakhabino, Moscow region, water quality indicators, sources of pollution of the pond, the article concluded on the unsatisfactory ecological and aesthetic condition of this urban pond. The objective of this paper is to analyze the existing negative environmental factors affectig the water body and to propose an option of the site landscaping and further safe usage. Results. A description of the Karbyshev Park territory is given. Also, negative factors influencing the pollution of the pond banks, and the quality of pond water are specified. A proposal contains a list of necessary types of activities on cleaning and improving the pond bowl and surrounding territory under the condition of preservation of its ecosystem. As a result of the integrated assessment of the pond ecological state, a model of the urban water body was created, and a variant of its ecological reconstruction was proposed. Conclusions. The study is of practical importance for accounting and elimination of environmental problems of urban water bodies of the Central European Russia and proposals of measures for their improvement and reclamation.

scholarly journals Oxygen Regime Control in Water Body Amelioration

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 05029
Author(s):  
Valery Borovkov ◽  
Ivan Karaichev
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Oxygen Regime ◽  
Discharge Velocity ◽  
Dimensionless Groups

An important aspect of water body amelioration is the control of the oxygen regime in water mass. Pollution of water bodies deteriorates their oxygen regime, and the natural inflow of oxygen through the free surface is not enough to compensate for oxygen consumption for pollutant oxidation. Water pollution by various substances causes damage resulting from a decrease in the ecological safety of urban water bodies. Data of World Health Organization (WHO) show that the contact of the population with polluted water bodies causes spreading of deceases, such as cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, and poliomyelitis, and creates considerable health risks. In this context, the artificial aeration of water mass with the use of aeration systems, which improve water quality, is gaining in importance. Most widespread among such aeration systems are diffused-air aerators, in which air supplied by a compressor passes through perforated diffuser plates. The size of the perforation is often chosen with no appropriate hydraulic substantiation. The size of the resulting air bubbles, no doubt, depends on the size of perforation holes; however, the available design relationships give contradictory results depending on the immersion depth of the diffuser plate and the working pressure, which determines air discharge velocity from diffuser plate perforations. This shows that the studies along this line are of scientific and practical importance. This article presents the analysis of the existing relationships for determining the size of air bubbles that form when air is pumped into water through nozzles of different diameters at different pumping rates; the analysis has shown the results of such calculations to differ considerably. Buckingham π-theorem was used to construct dimensionless groups, determining the relationship between the size of bubbles and the factors that govern the outflow of air into water. Dimensionless groups were used to obtain a formula for calculating the size of air bubbles at the aeration of water mass.

The Construction of Xi'an Overall Water Environment Based on the Eco-Permeable Transformation of City Hardened Surface

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 721-727
Author(s):  
Dong Fei Yu ◽  
Qiao Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Water Environment ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Water Blocking ◽  
City Water ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Context Features ◽  
The City ◽  
Hardened Surface

Modern urban surface is gradually covered by water blocking material in China, it has been increasing the city and its surrounding areas on the ecological significance of the "man-made desert" effect. In this paper, taking Xi'an as an example, the authors discuss the possibility to build a whole city water environment through the transformation of city hardened of surface. Xi'an has obvious characteristics of seasonal rainfall, taking the transforming of city's eco-permeable surface as a starting point, will contribute to the gradual recovery of the city’s function as an ecological nodes and the basic "metabolism"; restoration and reconstruction of urban water environment, improving the living environment, highlighting the "Chang’an eight water" pattern and context features of the city.

scholarly journals Urban water resource management: experience from the revival of Rajokri lake in Delhi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-434
Author(s):  
Ankit Srivastava ◽  
◽  
T.C. Prathna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Ground Water Recharge ◽  
Comprehensive Plans

<abstract> <p>Water bodies are critical in maintaining and sustaining ecosystems. However, urban water bodies are often ignored during development projects, and comprehensive plans for their revival and rejuvenation are not seen as priorities. This paper describes the rejuvenation project for a dry water body at Rajokri, Delhi, India. A "scientific wetland with active biodigester" (SWAB) system was developed to treat domestic wastewater, which was then used to fill the lake. The SWAB effectively removed about 89% removal of oil and grease, 86% biological oxygen demand (BOD), 85% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 86% of total suspended solids (TSS) when the respective inlet concentrations were 18 ± 1.14 mg/L, 124 ± 2.9 mg/L, 480 ± 11.9 mg/L and 116 ± 1.82 from the raw wastewater. The SWAB system provides completely natural treatment with zero electrical consumption. The revival of the water body using a decentralized wastewater treatment system has immensely helped in management of urban wastewater, ground water recharge and enhanced ecosystem and biodiversity values. The project demonstrates the integration of socio-cultural, societal, ecological, ecosystem and technological aspects for the revival of the lake.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Classification Indications of Urban Water Bodies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Water Impact ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Hydraulic Facility ◽  
Bank Protection ◽  
The City

A system of indications meant for new classification of urban recreational water bodies based on a vision of an urban water body as the most important component of the city infrastructure. At the same time it is necessary to take into account that an urban water body is a hydraulic facility affected by water impact and characterized by the lack of methodical literature for designing. In a city a water body is more than often represented by either pond or earth reservoir. It is necessary to consider them as special water bodies. A set of appropriate classification indicators is proposed as a basis for such kind of analysis and development of the principal approaches. These indicators enable to characterize the currently existing urban water bodies and those to be designed in accordance with different parameters. This system of indicators is balancing between practical necessity for a concrete classification indicator and its relative simplicity. The following indicators have been adopted as the classification ones: the water body type, level of its territorial hierarchy, its area, average depth, cascade level, bank protection structure, as well as the feeding system. The classification indicators system was preliminary tested at 35 ponds of Moscow, this has enabled to obtain the general idea of the applied approaches.

Phytoplankton community composition in relation to water quality and water-body morphometry in urban lakes, reservoirs, and ponds

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2163-2174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D Olding ◽  
Johan A Hellebust ◽  
Marianne SV Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Community Composition ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Urban Sites ◽  
Cyanobacterial Dominance

Distinct differences in observed summer phytoplankton communities in relation to maximum depth suggest that constraints posed by water-body morphometry may modify the trophic control of phytoplankton-community composition and structure in urban water bodies. In deep urban sites (Zmax [Formula: see text] 5 m), phytoplankton communities tended to be predictably related to trophic status (i.e., increases in trophy were associated with increased cyanobacterial dominance, a decreased proportion of Chrysophyceae-Synurophyceae and grazable-size algae, and a decrease in community richness), although exceptions existed, owing to factors such as human intervention, age of the water body, and flushing rates. In contrast, in shallow urban water bodies (Zmax < 5 m), trophic status was a poor predictor of phytoplankton communities. Across meso- to hyper-eutrophic conditions, shallow urban sites were rarely dominated by cyanobacteria and, when they were, the species composition differed from nutrient-rich deep urban sites. The key requirement for cyanobacterial dominance in shallow urban sites appears to be sufficiently long water residence times, viz., greater than 8-14 days. Further study should describe how the relationship between water body residence time and species-generation time may limit the development of specific nuisance algal species, aiding in the management and rehabilitation of urban water bodies.

scholarly journals Safe operation and reconstruction of urban water bodies in the park complexes

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 06026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yekaterina Plyusnina ◽  
Aleksandra Ostiakova
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Ecological Reconstruction ◽  
The City

In the field of improvement of urban areas of General use, it is important to study the environmental problems of urban water bodies and to ensure the necessary level of sanitary maintenance and improvement of the water bodies themselves and the surrounding area. This article investigates the ecological state of the city pond in the park of Nakhabino in the Moscow region. At the moment, the condition of the pond is unsatisfactory in terms of both improvement and sanitary-hygienic and aesthetic condition. The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing negative environmental factors on the example of a water body, as well as to offer an option of ecological reconstruction and further safe operation. To achieve this goal, the analysis of available literature sources was carried out, a visual survey of the water body located in the Park was carried out. The article presents a description of the area of the pond and the Park, identified and listed the negative, influencing the contamination of pond and water quality factors. The necessary types of works on improvement and sanitary cleaning of the bowl of the pond and the coastal area are listed. As a result of a comprehensive analysis of the ecological status of the pond, a model of the pond named after Karbyshev in Nakhabino was created, a version of its ecological reconstruction was proposed. The model is presented at the Moscow youth exhibition. The conducted research has a certain practical value. Subsequently, it is planned to present the project of ecological reconstruction of this water body for its reconstruction to the territorial authorities.

scholarly journals Methodological Approach to Development of the Eco-Passport of the City Water Body Using the Example of the Water Area of Tambov

2021 ◽  
pp. 056-063
Author(s):  
I. V. Yakunina ◽  
O. S. Filimonova ◽  
E. V. Malysheva ◽  
E. Yu. Yakunina
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
City Water ◽  
The City

The structure and content of the ecological passport of a city water body is proposed on the example of the Laskovsky quarry in the city of Tambov. Experimental studies have been carried out to assess the water quality of an urban water body; a recreational assessment of the coastal zone and an assessment of the recreational suitability of the reservoir has been carried out. Measures are proposed to preserve the ecological well-being of the reservoir.

scholarly journals Methodical Approaches to Determination of the Runoff Acceptable Irretrievable Withdrawal from Underexplored and Unexplored Rivers and Small Rivers

2015 ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Surface Water Runoff

If the permissible impact of economic and other activities on a water body is exceeded, an irreversible degradation of the ecosystem may occur. Irretrievable water withdrawal is deemed significant human impact on water bodies. The establishment of a critical water limit for the ecosystem’s functioning and organisms’ reproduction is based on the water withdrawal limits’ assessment. The article suggests methodological approaches to defining acceptable irreversible withdrawal of surface water runoff for underexplored and unexplored rivers. It also includes a review of special features of water withdrawal from small rivers.

scholarly journals Clean and Green Urban Water Bodies Benefit Nocturnal Flying Insects and Their Predators, Insectivorous Bats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja M. Straka ◽  
Pia E. Lentini ◽  
Linda F. Lumsden ◽  
Sascha Buchholz ◽  
Brendan A. Wintle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Insectivorous Bats ◽  
Insect Order ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Riparian Tree ◽  
The Relationship

Nocturnal arthropods form the prey base for many predators and are an integral part of complex food webs. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanisms influencing invertebrates at urban water bodies and the potential flow-on effects to their predators. This study aims to: (i) understand the importance of standing water bodies for nocturnal flying insect orders, including the landscape- and local-scale factors driving these patterns; and (ii) quantify the relationship between insects and insectivorous bats. We investigated nocturnal flying insects and insectivorous bats simultaneously at water bodies (n = 58) and non-water body sites (n = 35) using light traps and acoustic recorders in Melbourne, Australia. At the landscape scale, we found that the presence of water and high levels of surrounding greenness were important predictors for some insect orders. At the water body scale, low levels of sediment pollutants, increased riparian tree cover and water body size supported higher insect order richness and a greater abundance of Coleopterans and Trichopterans, respectively. Most bat species had a positive response to a high abundance of Lepidopterans, confirming the importance of this order in the diet of insectivorous bats. Fostering communities of nocturnal insects in urban environments can provide opportunities for enhancing the prey base of urban nocturnal insectivores.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Atmospheric Deposition during the Period of Algal Bloom Formation in Urban Water Bodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zheng ◽  
Haihua Cao ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jingcheng Xu ◽  
Yijing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
The Impact

Urban water bodies are limited by poor mobility, small surface areas, and little water supply; thus, they are sensitive to atmospheric nutrient inputs, especially during the optimal period of algae growth. This study investigated the impact of atmospheric deposition on the Quyang urban water body in Shanghai. Observations that coupled atmospheric organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorous and the actual urban water body (nutrient availability and Chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chl-a)) were conducted during spring and summer. Atmospheric total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia (N-NH4+) and total phosphorus (TP) deposition ranged from 35–81, 3–40, 0.79–20.40 and 0.78–0.25 mg m−2 d−1, respectively. The soluble N/P molar ratios of the bulk deposition (ranging from 56–636) were well above the Redfield ratio (N/P = 16). Nutrient inputs from atmospheric deposition have been suggested to be a strong factor for increasing the likelihood of P limitation in the water bodies. The actual loads to small, shallow urban water bodies were assessed and found to be ~50, 130, 130 (the N-fixation contributes to the atmospheric deposition inputs especially during the spring), and 80% of TOC, TN, N-NH4+, and TP, respectively, representing nutrients transferred into the water phase. The maximum primary production (evaluated as Chl-a) stock resulting in a 2-m-deep water column from the above inputs ranged from 2.54–7.98 mg Chl-a m−3. As a continuous source of nutrients, atmospheric deposition should not be underestimated as a driving force for urban water body eutrophication, and it potentially influences primary production, especially during the optimal algae growth period.

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