scholarly journals From the Mountains of Visions to the Valleys of Reality: New Legal Frameworks for Broadcasting in Eastern and Central Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kleinwachter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
New Public ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Political Groups

Abstract: Broadcasting legislation in Eastern and Central Europe after 1989, in the transition period from a totalitarian into a democratic society, falls into four different stages. The first stage was characterized by an enthusiastic awakening to the new media freedoms. The second stage was dominated by a disillusionment. The third stage was overshadowed by a growing power struggle among different political groups to get control over broadcasting, and, in particular, over national television. And, depending upon the level of democracy reached in these countries, a fourth stage may see the building of new public and private radio and television institutions, based on democratic constitutions and media laws, serving the public independent from governmental control, competing in a free broadcasting market for high viewing rates, and integrating, step by step, into transnational European broadcasting frameworks and structures. The speed of transition is varying and will continue to vary from country to country. Résumé: En ce qui regarda la radiodiffusion en Europe centrale et orientale après 1989, dans une période de transition entre société totalitaire et société démocratique, la législation suivit quatre étapes consécutives. Un éveil enthousiaste aux nouvelles libertés dans les médias caractérisa la première étape. La désillusion domina la deuxième. La troisième étape fut marquée par une lutte de pouvoir croissante entre des groupes politiques différents pour contrôler la radiodiffusion, particulièrement la télévision nationale. Et, dépendant du niveau de démocratie atteint dans ces pays, une quatrième étape put mener à de nouvelles institutions de radio et de télévision, soit publiques, soit privées, adoptant des principes et des lois démocratiques, servant le public indépendamment de contrôles gouvernementaux, se faisant concurrence pour atteindre de vastes auditoires dans des marchés libres, et s'intégrant peu à peu aux systèmes de radiodiffusion transnationaux en Europe. La vitesse de transition a jusqu'ici été variable, et continuera à l'être de pays en pays.

scholarly journals URBAN PLANNING IN LIBYA – EVOLUTION, LEVELS, PROBLEMS

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abousa Hadoud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Development And Environment

Urban planning in Libya in general effectively contributed to preparation of comprehensive and the public plans for all Libyan cities. especially after the issuance of Law No. (5) of 1969, concerning the planning of cities and villages, three key schemes have been developed in three stages starting from the first phase for years 1968 to 1988, and the second stage years from 1988 to 2000, and the third stage years 2000 to 2025. Goal of such schemes is to make a balance between the natural increase of population and urban mass, in order to achieve urban development and environment and preserve of the environment and urban environment from degradation and the spread of degraded areas in Libyan cities. But a number of problems disrupted the planning, and have had effects on the urban development in Libya.

scholarly journals Public relations practitioners’ perception of new media influence on promotion of mutual understanding between organisation and strategic publics in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 506-528
Author(s):  
Harvey G.O. Igben ◽  
Michael E. Ilaya
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Fundamental Goal

New media is a trending innovation and its influence in the promotion of mutual understanding between organizations and strategic publics is a more contemporary issue. This study evaluates the perception of public relations practitioners on the incorporation of new media into the process of promoting good relationships between organizations and strategic publics in Nigeria. The fundamental goal is to examine if public relations practitioners find new media helpful in carrying out public relations activities in their organizations. This study is hinged on Technological determinism theory.  Findings show that public relations practitioners of both public and private organizations do perceive the adoption of new media technologies in the performance of their function for the promotion of mutual understanding as supportive to quick and interactive approaches to dissemination of information from organizations to strategic stakeholders and the public. The study recommends that more public relations practitioners of organizations especially public organizations should be encouraged to use new media in course of executing their professional assignments.

Understanding Private and Public Partnerships

2018 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Luke Strongman
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public And Private Partnerships ◽  
Second World

New public management organisations tend to import managerial processes and behaviour from the private sector, and have been doing so in the post-Keynsian era. Increasingly those economies that were nationalised for large collective rebuilding programs after the Second World War were being deregulated and new models of management based on private enterprise and monetary accountability became the norm. This chapter provides an overview and contextual commentary on the origins of the public and private, the current era of public management, describes the characteristics of public and private partnerships; the factors of partnership performance, the characteristics of success and limitations, and concludes with a contextual discussion of Public and Private Partnerships.

scholarly journals The Mobile Phone & Its Impact In Teenagers`Daily Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bujane Topalli
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Public Space ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Media

The mobile phone, as a medium has influenced the ways in which we can interact with other media. It is considered like a channel between traditional and new media. Its specific characteristics, social functions and also its uses may vary in different contexts and cultures. The mobile phone, has contributed in increasing the idea of personal media, and the emergence of new kinds of media behavior. According to Morley (2002), communication technologies transform and rearrange relations between the domestic and the public space. In particular, mobile communication functions to broaden the sphere of the home outside the physical household; to blur the boundaries between the public and private spheres. In this study we aim to discuss through the literature review the role of the phone in the everyday life, and to know more about the different ways and reasons why 12-15 year old teenagers, part of Municipality of Shkoder, use mobile phone. This qualitative research is based on semi structured interviews with children. The identified problems consist in: First: The children use more mobile phones in order to use the internet and social networks and this makes it really difficult for their parents to control them. This exposes more the children towards negative effect of internet usage. The second problem is that parents do not have enough knowledge on the usage of new technology. Third: Children have taken information about the risk of internet from the media or by friends and they haven't discussed about this subject at school with teachers.

scholarly journals Diplomasi Publik Baru dalam Penyajian Informasi dan Gambaran Budaya Jepang oleh Saluran Youtube ‘only in Japan’

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Putri Mentari Racharjo ◽  
R.M.T. Nurhasan Affandi
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Global Community ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Public ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Online Searches

The emergence of new media raises new forms of diplomacy, which one of them is the new public diplomacy. The emergence of new public diplomacy allows the public to be directly involved in the process of diplomacy. The practice of the new public diplomacy can be seen on Youtube, specifically on the ‘Only in Japan’ channel. This research is aimed to analyze the potrayal of Japanese culture on the Youtube channel "Only in Japan" with new public diplomacy theory. The problem formulated in this research is "What are the characteristics of the new public diplomacy on Youtube channel" Only in Japan? ". This research seeks to describe some of the characteristics of new public diplomacy from various international relations students that can be found on the Youtube channel 'Only in Japan'. In an effort to examine and understand this problem, researchers use qualitative methods by collecting data through interviews, literature studies, and online searches. This research shows that there are eight characteristics of the new public diplomacy on Youtube channel 'Only in Japan'. Not only does it contribute to Japan's branding to the global community, 'Only in Japan' Youtube channel also builds an interactive relationship with the global community.   Kemunculan media baru memunculkan bentuk-bentuk baru dari diplomasi, salahsatunya adalah diplomasi publik baru. Kemunculan diplomasi publik baru memungkinkan masyarakat untuk terlibat langsung dalam proses diplomasi. Salah satu praktik diplomasi publik baru dapat dilihat pada Youtube, secara khusus saluran Only in Japan. Riset ini ditujukan untuk melihat penyajian budaya Jepang dalam saluran Youtube ‘Only in Japan’ dengan teori diplomasi publik baru. Masalah yang dirumuskan dalam riset ini adalah “Karakteristik apa yang meMerupakan diplomasi publik baru dalam saluran Youtube ‘Only in Japan’?”. Riset ini berusaha untuk mendeskripsikan beberapa karakteristik diplomasi publik baru dari para penstudi hubungan internasional yang dapat terdapat dalam saluran Youtube ‘Only in Japan’. Dalam upaya mengkaji dan memahami masalah ini, periset menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, studi pustaka, dan penelusuran daring. Riset ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat delapan karakteristik diplomasi publik baru dalam saluran Youtube ‘Only in Japan’. Tidak hanya berkontribusi dalam branding Jepang terhadap masyarakat global, saluran ‘Only in Japan’ juga membangun hubungan interaktif dengan masyarakat global.

scholarly journals Digital Health Communication Common Agenda 2.0: An Updated Consensus for the Public and Private Sectors to Advance Public Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 124S-128S ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Gold ◽  
M. Elaine Auld ◽  
Lorien C. Abroms ◽  
Joseph Smyser ◽  
Elad Yom-Tov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Common Agenda

Despite widespread use of the Internet and social media platforms by the public, there has been little organized exchange of information among the academic, government, and technology sectors about how digital communication technologies can be maximized to improve public health. The second Digital Health Promotion Executive Leadership Summit convened some of the world’s leading thinkers from across these sectors to revisit how communication technology and the evolving social media platforms can be utilized to improve both individual and population health. The Summit focused on digital intelligence, the spread of misinformation, online patient communities, censorship in social media, and emerging global legal frameworks. In addition, Summit participants had an opportunity to review the original “Common Agenda” that emerged and was published after the inaugural Summit and recommend updates regarding the uses of digital technology for advancing the goals of public health. This article reports the outcomes of the Summit discussions and presents the updates that were recommended by Summit participants as the Digital Health Communication Common Agenda 2.0. Several of the assertions underlying the original Common Agenda have been modified, and several new assertions have been added to reflect the recommendations. In addition, a corresponding set of principles and related actions—including a recommendation that an interagency panel of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services be established to focus on digital health communication, with particular attention to social media—have been modified or supplemented.

Democracy Model Based on Bali Local Wisdom Values for Capacity Building of Regional Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gede Suacana ◽  
Eka Suaib
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political System ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Government

This research was conducted applying qualitative method for assessing governance in Bali Region. The stage of research began with the collection of primary and secondary data. The second stage was choosing a theory as means of analyzing the data. The third stage analyzed and interpreted the data that had been selected. The fourth stage was to do the writing and construction of research results. The results showed that values of local wisdom of Bali, which is reflected in its democratic models, showed how the government and people of Bali held a governance rule. Strengthening institutional capacity and the capacity of policy was strongly supported by the development of this democratic model. In this context, there is a symmetrical relationship between the accountability and transparency of government who is regarded as Guru Wisesa with the level of public trust in him. It is also supported by the implementation of the five values of local wisdom in giving service (seva) to the public, namely: Sathya (Truth), Dharma (virtue), Shanti (Peace), Prema (love) and Ahimsa (abstinence violence). However, the model of democracy with the values of local wisdom is not enough to produce a democratic political system without the support of the situation, conditions and political institutions. Freedom and equality (equality) as part of the democratic values are still hampered by paternalistic cultures that restrict the freedom of society.

scholarly journals The Transformation of Public TV Companies into Digital Services at the BBC and RTVE

Comunicar ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (36) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Medina-Laverón ◽  
Teresa Ojer-Goñi
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Public Broadcasting Service ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Public Tv

Some authors question the existence of public television companies in the new environment of digitalization, Internet proliferation, growing competition and audience segmentation. However, others believe they should act as a driving force in the process of convergence and even that the new media present an opportunity to redefine the public broadcasting service (PBS) remit. The current challenge for the public media companies is to deliver their content through the maximum number of devices, not only via television sets but also broadband and mobile devices. Over the years, the BBC has adapted to new market situations and has implemented solutions that have been adopted by other public and private broadcasters around the world. The objective of this article is to show how the BBC has taken up the leadership of transforming public TV companies into online services in order to maintain market share; and how it has influenced Spain’s public TV broadcaster, RTVE. The methodology is based on internal and external documents of both corporations, and the findings are complemented by interviews with online service managers at RTVE. We conclude that these public companies have adapted their activities to the new technologies and have developed interactive services to reinforce their public service mission.Algunas voces cuestionan la permanencia de las televisiones públicas en el nuevo entorno digital, caracterizado por una mayor presencia de Internet, más competidores y la fragmentación de la audiencia. Sin embargo, hay otros que creen que deberían actuar como una fuerza motriz en el proceso de convergencia e incluso que los nuevos medios representan una posibilidad de redefinir la misión de las televisiones públicas. El reto actual de las corporaciones públicas es proporcionar los contenidos a través del mayor número de soportes posibles, no solo a través de la televisión, sino también a través de Internet y dispositivos móviles. Un rasgo de la BBC es haberse adaptado siempre a los cambios del mercado y muchas de sus soluciones han sido transferidas a otras empresas de comunicación tanto públicas como privadas de todo el mundo. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo la BBC es uno de los modelos en los que las empresas televisivas se han fijado para transformar sus servicios digitales a fin de mantener su existencia en el mercado, y conocer cuál ha sido su influencia en la televisión pública española RTVE. La metodología empleada radica en el análisis de los documentos internos y externos de las compañías y entrevistas realizadas a los responsables de los servicios digitales de RTVE. Las conclusiones apuntan a destacar que estas compañías han adaptado sus actividades a las nuevas tecnologías y han desarrollado servicios interactivos como refuerzo de su misión de servicio público.

Living Underground: Bomb Shelters and Daily Lives in Wartime Chongqing (1937–1945)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-399
Author(s):  
Tan Gang
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level

Because of Japan’s large-scale aerial bombing of Chongqing and the surrounding mountainous natural environment during the Anti-Japanese War, shelters became important places where the residents of wartime Chongqing evaded attacks by Japanese planes. In addition, the differences between the public and private bomb shelter facilities reflected the high and low, noble and humble people in the shelters, indicating the social class differences in wartime Chongqing. Shelters, especially public shelters, also provided places for socializing, recreation, and they had political and economic functions. Thus, bomb shelters became new public living spaces. Living in bomb shelters also became an important component of the daily lives of the residents in wartime Chongqing. Discussing their daily lives in the shelter allows us to not only understand and know the diversity and complexity of the daily lives of Chongqing’s wartime citizens but also reveals the significant impact of the all-encompassing invasion waged by Japan at the micro level.

scholarly journals Critical success factors of public-private partnership from 2000 to 2019: A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
Lydia Natalia ◽  
Nanny Dewi Tanzil ◽  
Prima Yusi Sari
Keyword(s):  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Risk Allocation ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is one of the schemes that have inspired many countries in infrastructure development. One of the most discussed PPP topics by researchers is the concept of Critical Success Factors (CSF). Therefore, this study examines CSF publications for PPP projects from selected journal sites from 2000-2019. The results showed that research on CSF in PPP began to increase in 2012. The most identified CSFs were appropriate risk allocation and sharing, competitive and transparent procurement processes, favorable and efficient legal frameworks, commitment and responsibility of the public and private sectors, and a robust and reliable private consortium. Furthermore, it was also found that most countries that were the objects of research on PPP CSF were China, followed by Hong Kong and Australia. The results also show that the dominant research focuses on multi-sector types of infrastructure where CSF can be applied to all infrastructure sectors. The findings obtained in this study can provide an overview of CSFs for projects with PPP schemes in the future. Besides, the identified CSFs can be applied to any PPP infrastructure sector. They can assist stakeholders in increasing the likelihood of PPP project success and can be adopted for further research

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