Comparison of School Readiness Between Rural and Urban Chinese Preschool Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1429-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongtao Gan ◽  
Lijun Meng ◽  
Junjun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Preschool Education ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Readiness To Learn

Children's future academic success may depend on their readiness to learn and participate in preschool education. We examined school readiness differences in a sample of rural and urban preschool children (N = 82) from Zunyi, China, using the School Readiness Test Battery. The results indicated that school readiness differed between rural and urban children; rural children scored lower on emotional and social skills, basic knowledge, and drawing and language competence subtests than did urban students, but higher on sport skills, and understanding of both time and space. Thus, improving the early education of rural children will likely help to decrease the school readiness differences between rural and urban children.

scholarly journals Differences in School-readiness among Pre-school Children in Rural and Urban areas of Kisumu County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Catherine Vuhya Mbagaya
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Grade One

This study compared primary school preparedness of urban and rural preschool children in Kisumu county, Kenya. Children were assessed on their level of learning and development in the following domains: pre-academic skills (pre-literacy and pre-mathematics, executive function, and socioemotional cognition. The sample consisted of 390 preschool children who had completed their curriculum and were transitioning to Grade One. Children were assessed using an adapted and validated form of the Measurement of Development and Early Learning (MODEL) global item set. We hypothesized that urban children would score higher on all domains of learning and development than rural children. Results showed that indeed urban children were more prepared for primary school than were rural children in all the domains of learning examined in this study. In order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 4 on equitable quality education that ensures life-long learning for all, county and national government should invest in early childhood development and education (ECDE) in both rural and urban so that all boys and girls can be ready for primary education and improve future outcomes for all children.

The role of familial characteristics on the nutritional status of preschool children: A comparative study on rural and urban children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Shaili Vyas ◽  
Sushmita Sonkar ◽  
AshokKumar Srivastava ◽  
Parul Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Rural And Urban

Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii and Cat Ownership in Nova Scotia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1169-1172
Author(s):  
Linda H. Pereira ◽  
Miriam Staudt ◽  
Charles E. Tanner ◽  
Juan A. Embil
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Diagnostic Center

In this survey, 998 children and adolescents between 7 months and 17 years of age who attended a hospital diagnostic center in the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia, for routine evaluation were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibody. The 5.2% prevalence rate of antibody for children living in the outlying rural areas was significantly higher than the 1.1% rate among the urban children (P = .0006). Seroprevalence increased with age for both rural and urban children. Cat ownership was associated with antibodies to Toxoplasma among rural children but not urban children. Rural children who lived in a house with more than one cat were two times more likely to be infected than children who had one cat and three times more likely to be infected than children with no cats. The geometric mean titer was also significantly higher among the rural children with more than one cat, 1:152, than rural children with one or no cats, 1:63 (P = .02). In light of these findings for children and adolescents, the association of Toxoplasma infection with cat ownership needs to be thoroughly evaluated among pregnant women in rural areas.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Active Trachoma and Its Associated Factors among Rural and Urban Children in Dera Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metadel Alemayehu ◽  
Digsu N. Koye ◽  
Amare Tariku ◽  
Kedir Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Trachoma ◽  
Rural And Urban

Background. Trachoma is the most common infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Once an epidemic in most parts of the world, it has largely now disappeared from developed countries. However, it continues to be endemic in many developing countries like Ethiopia. Even if several studies were conducted in different parts of Ethiopia, most of them did not show the independent predictors for rural and urban children separately. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of active trachoma in urban and rural children.Methods. Community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Dera woreda. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 671 children of one up to nine years of age. Data were collected by face to face interview and observation using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Binary Logistic Regression Model was fitted to consider adding independent predictors of outcome.Results. Out of 671 children, 20 (9.3%) of urban and 85 (18.6%) of rural children were positive for active trachoma. Having discharge on eye (AOR = 6.9, 95% CI: 1.79–27.89), presence of liquid waste around the main house (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI: 1.94–16.18), and living in households without latrine (AOR = 4.39, 95% CI: 1.39–13.89) were significantly associated with active trachoma of urban children. Rural children who had discharge on their eye (AOR = 5.86, 95% CI: 2.78–12.33), those who had unclean face (AOR = 4.68, 95% CI: 2.24–9.81), and those living in households with feces around their main houses (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.04–3.62) were significantly associated with active trachoma.Conclusion. The result showed that the prevalence of active trachoma in urban areas of the district was below WHO threshold of 10% to determine trachoma as public health problem. However, in rural areas of the district it is far from elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. Thus, in order to improve awareness of the community there is a need of health education programs regarding facial cleanliness, utilization of latrine, and proper solid waste and liquid waste disposal using multidisciplinary approach.

Social Competence in Rural and Urban Children with Mental Retardation: Preliminary Findings

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Pillay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Social Competence ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Social Maturity ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Rural And Urban

The investigation compared social maturity levels in rural and urban children with mental retardation (between 40 and 70 IQ points). The magnitude of discrepancy between the subjects' IQ and their social quotients (SQ) was examined using an SQ:IQ ratio. Rural subjects had a significantly higher SQ:IQ ratio than urban ones, and age was also positively correlated with this ratio. No significant gender difference was evident. The rural children's higher social maturity relative to their IQ must be considered in the context of their life experiences, which are in various ways different to that of urban children. From an early age, rural children are involved in household and community responsibilities, such as fetching water, firewood, herding cattle, and other practices that are not as common among urban children. The findings lend support to the idea that even in disadvantaged communities, given appropriate opportunities, children with mental retardation do have the capacity to enhance their social competence, possibly more so than those in less challenging environments.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SCHOOLCHILDREN OF 7-10 YEARS IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
I. P. Saldan ◽  
Artem P. Pashkov ◽  
O. V. Zhukova
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
School Level ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
The Right

The study assessed the physical development of rural and urban children aged of 7-10 years in the Altai Territory for somatometric and physiometric indices (height, body weight, chest circumference, vital capacity of lungs, dynamometry, arterial pressure). Somatometric indices of the physical development in rural children of primary school level have been established to be statistically significantly higher than similar indices of urban children in boys and girls. The evaluation of physiometric indices in groups of rural and urban children revealed another trend. Indices of the right-hand muscle strength, the vital capacity of lungs, arterial pressure (systolic and diastolic) by 10 years in urban children begins to exceed these indices of rural peers. The revealed differences in the physical development of rural and urban children show a different combination and a share of the influence of environmental factors on the schoolchildren’s organism.

scholarly journals Development of preschool social emotional inventory for preschoolers: a preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Goh Wah Im ◽  
Yeo Kee Jiar ◽  
Rohaya Bt. Talib
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
School Readiness ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Children’S Mental Health ◽  
Children's Mental Health ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Emotional Competencies ◽  
Valid Instrument

<span>Social-emotional competencies have been established as important predictors in children’s mental health, school readiness and academic success. Age and developmentally appropriate screening for preschool children is important for early detection of developmental delays and early intervention. The purpose of this study is to measure preschool children’s social emotional competencies (SEC) based on the Malaysian context using the Preschool Social Emotional Competency Inventory (P-SECI) developed to provide parents, teachers and childcare professionals with a standardized, norm-referenced, reliable and valid instrument.  A pool of 50 items were created for P-SECI, representing eight clusters of social emotional competencies in children: self-awareness, social awareness, self-management, relationship management, attachment, communication, responsible decision making and pro-social skills. This pilot study involved two public Annex preschools in Johor Bahru, purposely selected with 49 preschool children as respondents. Results showed that P-SECI has a high reliability index (Alpha Cronbach-Teachers .98 and Parents .95). Initial findings also showed that Teachers and Parents differ in their evaluation of their children’s SEC according to age and gender. But for the age criteria, the mean difference is slightly wider in comparison to gender. Therefore, P-SECI is relevant in predicting children’s mental health, school readiness and academic achievement. Results from the study also showed that the inventory holds promise as a reliable and valid instrument to evaluate SEC in young children according to the <br /> Malaysian context.</span>

scholarly journals Association of maternal ethnicity and urbanicity on severe pediatric disease: a nationwide cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Ting Chang ◽  
Huei-Shyong Wang ◽  
Jia-Rou Liu ◽  
Chi-Nan Tseng ◽  
I-Jun Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Urban Children ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Healthy Migrant Effect

Abstract Background A healthy migrant effect on birth outcomes has been reported, however, whether this protective effect persists throughout childhood is unknown. The effect of urbanicity on child health among an immigrant population is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence rate and cumulative incidence of severe diseases among urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, urban children of foreign-born mothers, and rural children of foreign-born mothers. Methods A nationwide cohort study was conducted for children born in Taiwan during 2004–2011 and follow-up till age 4 to 11 years old by linkage the Taiwan Birth Registry 2004–2011, Taiwan Death Registry 2004–2015, and National Health Insurance Research Database 2004–2015. Cox proportional hazards model (multivariable) was used to examine differences among the four study groups. Results There were 682,982 urban children of Taiwan-born mothers, 662,818 rural children of Taiwan-born mothers, 61,570 urban children of foreign-born mothers, 87,473 rural children of foreign-born mothers. Children of foreign-born mothers had a lower incidence of vasculitis, mainly Kawasaki disease. The incidences of congenital disorders did not differ between children of foreign-born mothers and children of Taiwan-born mothers. The incidence of psychotic disorders was higher in urban children. However, children in rural areas had a higher incidence of major trauma/burn and a higher mortality rate. Conclusions A healthy migrant effect was only seen for Kawasaki disease. The mental health of urban children born to immigrant mothers warrants concern.

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