scholarly journals Effects of Diabetes on pulmonary function tests in COPD Patient

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Bantupalli Suranjan ◽  
Atluri Deekshit ◽  
Bala Yaswanth Kumar S ◽  
Mano Ranjitha Pulivarthi
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Lung Dysfunction ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Group 2

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is a condition caused by abnormalities in the inflammatory responses of the lungs to irritable particles or gases. This is an irreversible condition that progresses in later years.Diabetes patients have an increased risk of developing abnormal lung functioning and also in conditions of COPD it even worsens the condition, up to 1.6-16% of the COPD population were affected due to diabetes mellitus.Many studies also suggest that the lungs are a target organ in diabetes and glycemic exposure may be a causation factor for reduced lung function. Systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, oxidative stress, altered gas exchange, and changes in lung tissues were the major impacts on the respiratory system which were induced by hypoglycemia. In this study, we aimed to assess the lung functioning in COPD patients with diabetes by performing the pulmonary functions test like spirometry by obtaining the values of FVC, FEV1, FEV/FVC, and PEF thereby analyzing the level of lung dysfunction that has been done. Patients were includes of both genders and were divided into two groups depending on their disease group 1 includes COPD and group 2 includes COPD with DM considering twenty members in each group. Our study results show that diabetes worsens the lung functioning in COPD than it already is, it may also cause respiratory collapse if untreated.

scholarly journals Predictive Factors for the Effect of Treatment by Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients with Respiratory Failure as a Result of Acute Exacerbation of the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sava Pejkovska ◽  
Biserka Jovkovska Kaeva ◽  
Zlatica Goseva ◽  
Zoran Arsovski ◽  
Jelena Jovanovska Janeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Failure Group ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) applies ventilator support through the patient’s upper airway using a mask.AIM: The aim of the study is to define factors that will point out an increased risk of NIV failure in patients with exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients over the age of 40, treated with NIV, were prospectively recruited. After data processing, the patients were divided into two groups: 1) successful NIV treatment group; 2) failed NIV treatment group.RESULTS: On admission arterial pH and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) levels were lower (pH: p < 0.05, GCS: p < 0.05), and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE) score and PaCO2 were higher (p < 0.05) in the NIV failure group. Arterial pH was lower (p < 0.05) and PaCO2 and respiratory rate were higher (p < 0.05) after 1h, and arterial pH was lower (p < 0.05) and PaCO2 (p < 0.05), respiratory and heart rate were higher (p < 0.05) after 4h in the NIV failure group.CONCLUSION: Measurement and monitoring of certain parameters may be of value in terms of predicting the effectiveness of NIV treatment.

scholarly journals The effect of comorbidity severity on pulmonary rehabilitation outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 147997231880947
Author(s):  
Ilknur Naz ◽  
Hulya Sahin ◽  
Yelda Varol ◽  
Berna Kömürcüoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Group 2

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only associated with respiratory system involvement but also with systemic consequences leading to chronic comorbidities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of comorbidity severity on pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) outcomes in COPD patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the effectiveness of PR in COPD patients who completed an 8-week PR program. There were at least one comorbid in 120 of 211 patients and we divided them into the groups according to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores (1 points, group 1 ( n = 54); 2 points, group 2 ( n = 41); 3 points, group 3 ( n = 25)). We compared 6-minute walk distance (MWD), dyspnea perception, pulmonary function tests, blood gases analysis, quality of life, anxiety, and depression scores which were recorded before and after PR between the groups. Before PR 6-MWD distance was significantly lower in group 2 ( p = 0.033). Improvements in 6-MWD, blood gas values, dyspnea perception, quality of life, and anxiety were determined in all groups after PR ( p < 0.05). When the gains after PR were compared, there were no significant differences between groups ( p > 0.05). COPD patients benefit from PR independent from their comorbidity severity. Comorbidity severity has no effect on PR gains. Therefore, patients with comorbidities should not be excluded from PR programs and encouraged to participate. Clinical Trial Number: NCT03319108.

scholarly journals Age-associated changes in aging lungs: A study with auto-segmentation and radiomics based on CT images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Cui ◽  
Zhenyu Shu ◽  
Yuan Shao ◽  
Peipei Pang ◽  
XiangYang Gong
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: The senile lung undergoes physiologic changes that are well known but have not been investigated with computed tomographic (CT) texture analysis. The thin-section pulmonary computed tomographic (CT) microstructure features change in asymptomatic elderly individuals were not explored.Methods: We retrospectively selected 259 subjects under-going chest computed tomography (CT) between April 2018 and June 2019, as group A(consist of group1 and group2), without a history of smoking within the past 5 years, respiratory symptoms or any known chronic pulmonary disease. There were 118 patients in group 1(age ≥ 60 years-elderly) and 141 patients in group 2 (age≤50 years-young). Furthermore, 273 patients with pulmonary function tests(PFTs) were included as group B, which divided into two cohorts, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (n=83) and non-COPD (healthy smoker [HS], n=90; healthy non-smoker [HNS], n=100) cohort. The radiomic features were extracted and selected from group A, trialed in group B, using the LASSO algorithm.Results: A total of 233 features were significant in group A. Among these features, 17 features exhibited distinct differences between COPD and non-COPD patients, 18 features exhibit distinct differences between HSs and HNSs. Meanwhile, five features were shared in group B. A negative correlation was determined between carbon monoxide diffusing capacity(DLCO) and the two features: ShortRunLowGreyLevelEmphasis_AllDirection_offset9_SD (ρ = -0.70) and LowGreyLevelRunEmphasis_AllDirection_offset2_SD (ρ = -0.63). Similarly, a positive correlation was found between FEV1/FVC and HighGreyLevelRunEmphasis_AllDirection_offset8_SD (ρ = 0.74).Conclusion: Radiomic features, which associated with the ages and significant in COPD patients and smokers, maybe reveal the microstructure changes of the aging lungs.

scholarly journals LINC01414/LINC00824 genetic polymorphisms in association with the susceptibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoman Zhou ◽  
Yunjun Zhang ◽  
Yutian Zhang ◽  
Quanni Li ◽  
Mei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complicated multi-factor, multi-gene disease. Here, we aimed to assess the association of genetic polymorphisms in LINC01414/ LINC00824 and interactions with COPD susceptibility. Methods Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LINC01414/LINC00824 was genotyped by Agena MassARRAY platform among 315 COPD patients and 314 controls. Logistic analysis adjusted by age and gender were applied to estimate the genetic contribution of selected SNPs to COPD susceptibility. Results LINC01414 rs699467 (OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.56–0.94, p = 0.015) and LINC00824 rs7815944 (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.31–0.99, p = 0.046) might be protective factors for COPD occurrence, while LINC01414 rs298207 (OR = 2.88, 95% CI 1.31–6.31, p = 0.008) risk-allele was related to the increased risk of COPD in the whole population. Rs7815944 was associated with the reduced risk of COPD in the subjects aged > 70 years (OR = 0.29, p = 0.005). Rs6994670 (OR = 0.57, p = 0.007) contribute to a reduced COPD risk, while rs298207 (OR = 7.94, p = 0.009) was related to a higher susceptibility to COPD at age ≤ 70 years. Rs298207 (OR = 2.54, p = 0.043) and rs7815944 (OR = 0.43, p = 0.028) variants was associated COPD risk among males. Rs7815944 (OR = 0.16, p = 0.031) was related to the reduced susceptibility of COPD in former smokers. Moreover, the association between rs298207 genotype and COPD patients with dyspnea was found (OR = 0.50, p = 0.016), and rs7815944 was related to COPD patients with wheezing (OR = 0.22, p = 0.008). Conclusion Our finding provided further insights into LINC01414/LINC00824 polymorphisms at risk of COPD occurrence and accumulated evidence for the genetic susceptibility of COPD.

scholarly journals A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON BRONCHIAL ASTHMA AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE OVERLAP: POTENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1480-1483
Author(s):  
Tetyana O. Pertseva ◽  
Lyudmyla I. Konopkina ◽  
Alina O. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Obstruction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Blood Eosinophils

The aim: The aim of the research was to analyze the results of observation and examination of COPD patients in order to identify a group of individuals with potential asthma overlap. Materials and methods: We have conducted a two-stage dynamic investigation of 43 COPD patients during 3–8 years. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 counted 30 individuals who presented with at least one episode of reversible bronchial obstruction (RBO) during the observation; group 2 – 13 individuals who presented with nonreversible bronchial obstruction (nonRBO). At the first stage, we conducted a clinical observations analysis and studied lung function examination records; at the second stage, we calculated the markers of allergic inflammation. Results: It was revealed that around 70% of COPD patients have occasional episodes of RBO. It was established that the level of blood eosinophils in these patients on the whole is rather low even in people with intermittent RBO, and the total IgE level appeared to be significantly higher in patients with intermittent RBO comparing to the level of this marker in patients who have nonRBO. Conclusions: COPD patients with intermittent RBO and high level of total IgE level form a group with potential asthma overlap.

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and rheumatic diseases: A systematic review on a neglected comorbidity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2235042X1882020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irini Gergianaki ◽  
Ioanna Tsiligianni
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Primary Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Quality

Background: Although, both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and rheumatic diseases (RDs) are common, and each has significant impact on patients’ overall health/quality of life, their co-occurrence has received little attention, while 15% of COPD remains undiagnosed in RDs. Objective: To update the information regarding the comorbid state of RD/COPD (prevalence, incidence), to examine whether patients with RD have increased risk of developing COPD and vice versa, and what implications this comorbidity has on patients’ outcomes (mortality, hospitalizations, exacerbations). Methods: We performed a systematic literature review regarding the comorbidity of an RD (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjogren syndrome disease (pSS), and systemic sclerosis (SSc)) with COPD. From 2803 reports retrieved, 33 articles were further screened. Finally, 27 articles were included. Results: Robust evidence supports that COPD develops up to 68% more frequently in patients with RA, as compared to the general population. Similarly, COPD is increased in every other RD that was studied. Further, self-referred arthritis is more common in COPD patients versus non-COPD controls and a predictor of worst self-rated health status. Patients with inflammatory arthritis/COPD have increased mortality (threefold in RA-COPD, irrespectively of which is first diagnosed), hospitalizations, and emergency visits. Conclusion: COPD is more common in patients with RA, AS, PsA, SLE, pSS, and SSc; yet, the association, vice versa, warrants further investigation. Nevertheless, COPD/RDs coexistence has significant prognostic value for worst outcomes; therefore, awareness is required to track early identification, especially in primary care.

scholarly journals Increased respiratory symptoms in COPD patients living in the vicinity of livestock farms

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1605-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floor Borlée ◽  
C. Joris Yzermans ◽  
Christel E. van Dijk ◽  
Dick Heederik ◽  
Lidwien A.M. Smit
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Livestock Farm ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Livestock Farms

Several studies have investigated the effect of livestock farm emissions on the respiratory health of local residents, but results are inconsistent. This study aims to explore associations between the presence of livestock farms and respiratory health in an area of high-density livestock farming in the Netherlands. We focused especially on associations between farm exposures and respiratory symptoms within subgroups of potentially susceptible patients with a pre-existing lung disease.In total, 14 875 adults (response rate 53.4%) completed a questionnaire concerning respiratory health, smoking habits and personal characteristics. Different indicators of livestock farm exposures relative to the home address were computed using a geographic information system.Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma was lower among residents living within 100 m of a farm (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.24–0.91 and OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.45–0.93, respectively). However, >11 farms in 1000 m compared to fewer than four farms in 1000 m (fourth quartileversusfirst quartile) was associated with wheezing among COPD patients (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.01–2.89). Using general practitioners' electronic medical records, we demonstrated that selection bias did not affect the observed associations.Our data suggest a protective effect of livestock farm emissions on the respiratory health of residents. Nonetheless, COPD patients living near livestock farms reported more respiratory symptoms, suggesting an increased risk of exacerbations.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoke and CFTR: implications in the pathogenesis of COPD

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (8) ◽  
pp. L530-L541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andras Rab ◽  
Steven M. Rowe ◽  
S. Vamsee Raju ◽  
Zsuzsa Bebok ◽  
Sadis Matalon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder consisting of chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema. COPD patients suffer from chronic infections and display exaggerated inflammatory responses and a progressive decline in respiratory function. The respiratory symptoms of COPD are similar to those seen in cystic fibrosis (CF), although the molecular basis of the two disorders differs. CF is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( CFTR) gene encoding a chloride and bicarbonate channel (CFTR), leading to CFTR dysfunction. The majority of COPD cases result from chronic oxidative insults such as cigarette smoke. Interestingly, environmental stresses including cigarette smoke, hypoxia, and chronic inflammation have also been implicated in reduced CFTR function, and this suggests a common mechanism that may contribute to both the CF and COPD. Therefore, improving CFTR function may offer an excellent opportunity for the development of a common treatment for CF and COPD. In this article, we review what is known about the CF respiratory phenotype and discuss how diminished CFTR expression-associated ion transport defects may contribute to some of the pathological changes seen in COPD.

scholarly journals ACE gene I/D polymorphism and arterial hypertension in patients with COPD

Pneumologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Mariya Marushchak ◽  
Khrystyna Maksiv ◽  
Inna Krynytska
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Ace Gene ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are common in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and their presence is associated with an increased risk for hospitalization, longer length of stay and all-cause and CVD-related mortality. We assessed the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism in the occurrence of arterial hypertension (AH) in patients with COPD. Methods The study group consisted of 96 patients. Group 1 had 25 individuals with COPD, Group 2 had 23 individuals with AH and Group 3 had 28 individuals with COPD and AH. The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. I/D genotypes of ACE were determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Results The frequency distribution of polymorphic genotypes of the gene encoding ACE and assessment of compliance with the Hardy-Weinberg population equilibrium were carried out in groups of patients with COPD, AH and COPD + AH combination. The frequencies of the genotype responsible for I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene in the control and experimental groups were not found to deviate significantly from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The results of the study have not demonstrated any significant impact of alleles of ACE genes or ACE genes on occurrence of diseases such as COPD, AH and combinations thereof. However, analysis of odds ratio has demonstrated that the presence of the D allele of the ACE gene may increase the risk for occurrence of the COPD + AH (OR = 1.26). Conclusion The data obtained in the study allow suggesting that the presence of D allele of the ACE gene may increase the risk for AH in patients with COPD.

scholarly journals Upregulation of Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor B4 on Interstitial Macrophages in COPD; Their Possible Protective Role Against Emphysema Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumi Mitsune ◽  
Mitsuhiro Yamada ◽  
Naoya Fujino ◽  
Tadahisa Numakura ◽  
Tomohiro Ichikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Deficient Mice

Abstract Background: Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B4 (LILRB4) is one of the inhibitory receptors in various types of immune cells including macrophages. Previous reports suggested that LILRB4 could be involved in a negative feedback system to prevent excessive inflammatory responses. However, its role has been unclear in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in which macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to examine the changes of LILRB4 on macrophages both in the lung specimens of COPD patients and the lungs of a mouse emphysema model. We then tried to compare the differences in both inflammation and emphysematous changes of the model between wild-type and LILRB4-deficient mice in order to elucidate the role of LILRB4 in the pathogenesis of COPD.Methods: We prepared single-cell suspensions of resected lung specimens of never-smokers (n = 21), non-COPD smokers (n = 16), and COPD patients (n = 14). The identification of LILRB4-expressing cells and the level of LILRB4 expression were evaluated by flow cytometry. We analyzed the relationships between the LILRB4 expression and clinical characteristics including respiratory function. In the experiments using an elastase-induced mouse model of emphysema, we also analyzed the LILRB4 expression on lung macrophages. We compared inflammatory cell accumulation and emphysematous changes induced by elastase instillation between wild-type and LILRB4-deficient mice.Results: The levels of surface expression of LILRB4 are relatively high on monocyte linage cells including macrophages in the human lungs. The percentage of LILRB4+ cells in lung interstitial macrophages was increased in COPD patients compared to non-COPD smokers (p = 0.018) and correlated with the severity of emphysematous lesions detected by CT scan (rs = 0.559, p < 0.001), whereas the amount of smoking showed no correlation with LILRB4 expression. Increased LILRB4 on interstitial macrophages was also observed in elastase-treated mice (p = 0.008). LILRB4-deficient mice showed severer emphysematous lesions with increased MMP-12 expression in the model.Conclusions: LILRB4 on interstitial macrophages was upregulated both in human COPD lungs and in a mouse model of emphysema. This upregulated LILRB4 may have a protective effect against emphysema formation, possibly through decreasing MMP-12 expression in the lungs.

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