scholarly journals A Comprehensive Description on Ethnopharmacology and Therapeutics of Murdarsang: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-S) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Sultana Anjum ◽  
Sana Kauser Ateeque Ahmed ◽  
Farha Naz ◽  
Saba Khanum
Keyword(s):  
Lead Oxide ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Dissolution Corrosion

Murdarsang is a mineral that contains pbo, or lead oxide is an important medicine in the Unani system of medicine (USM) due to its multiple therapeutic properties. It can be prepared manually with different methods and used in different forms. Etymologically, it is known as 'Litharge' which is derived from Greek 'Litharguros' (lithos meaning stone and arguros for silver) which forms as a 'waste' during the last stage of silver smelting. Throughout human history, lead and lead minerals have been used for medicinal purposes. Galena was used as an eye salve in pre-dynastic Egypt, as well as by the ancient Indian civilisations of Mohendro-Daro and Harappa between 3200 and 2800 BC. Dioskourides in his De Materia Medica says about lithargyros that one is made from sand called molybditis which is roasted until it is totally burned, another from silver, a third from lead. According to Unani system of medicine Murdarsang possess different properties such as Astringent, Agglutinant, mildly Detergent, Desiccant, Anti-inflammatory Refrigerant, Corrosive and Rarefying properties. It is used as a base for making ointments. It composes the drugs and reduces the intensity of their dissolution, corrosion and astringency. It also have a corrosive, Resolvent and Insecticidal action. Many pharmacological activities mentioned in Unani medicine are validated, and many activities need further exploration due to the immense therapeutic scope in this drug. The current review designed to give an overview on the historical, chemical constituents, pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Murdarsang. Keywords: Murdarsang, Litharge, Lead oxide, Unani system of medicine.

scholarly journals The Protective Effects ofNigella sativaand Its Constituents on Induced Neurotoxicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khazdair
Keyword(s):  
Lung Inflammation ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Nigella sativa(N. sativa) is an annual plant and widely used as medicinal plant throughout the world. The seeds of the plant have been used traditionally in various disorders and as a spice to ranges of Persian foods.N. sativahas therapeutic effects on tracheal responsiveness (TR) and lung inflammation on induced toxicity by Sulfur mustard.N. sativahas been widely used in treatment of various nervous system disorders such as Alzheimer disease, epilepsy, and neurotoxicity. Most of the therapeutic properties of this plant are due to the presence of some phenolic compounds especially thymoquinone (TQ), which is major bioactive component of the essential oil. The present review is an effort to provide a comprehensive study of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant on induced neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals The combination of two natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum: A review of the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 174751982110391
Author(s):  
Qingcheng Yang ◽  
Fangli Shen ◽  
Fengqin Zhang ◽  
Xue Bai ◽  
Yanru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Medicines

Traditional Chinese medicine has been clinically used in China for many years, with experimental studies and clinical trials having demonstrated that it is safe and valid. Among many traditional natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been proven to be effective in the treatment of relieving pain. Actually, as well as analgesic, they have common attributes, such as anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular benefits, and anticancer activities, with volatile oils being their major components. Furthermore, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, with examples being Chuanxiong Chatiao San and Chuanxiongxixintang. More interestingly, their combination has better therapeutic effects on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of Chuanxiong and Asarum forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical components, such as the contents of the main active ingredients, ferulic acid and ligustilide, increased significantly after this progress. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination appearing to be more powerful, such as synergistic analgesic. This review focuses on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Chuanxiong, Asarum, and Chuanxiong Asarum compositions.

scholarly journals Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Overview of the Himalayan Ferns

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Semwal ◽  
Sakshi Painuli ◽  
Kartik M. Painuli ◽  
Gizem Antika ◽  
Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Cns Stimulant

The genus Diplazium (family: Athyriaceae) comprises approximately 350 species of pteridophytes. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an important member of this genus and commonly known as a wild vegetable in the Himalayan and sub-Himalayan communities. According to the literature analysis, D. esculentum was traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, smallpox, asthma, diarrhea, rheumatism, dysentery, headache, fever, wounds, pain, measles, hypertension, constipation, oligospermia, bone fracture, and glandular swellings. Various extracts of D. esculentum were evaluated to elucidate their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. A wide array of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, CNS stimulant, and antianaphylactic activities have been recognized in different parts of D. esculentum. The review covers a systematic examination of pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of D. esculentum, but scientifically, it is not fully assessed regarding complete therapeutic effects, toxicity, and safety in the human body. The published literature on D. esculentum and its therapeutic properties were collected from different search engines including Wiley online, PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACS publications by using specific terms such as “Diplazium esculentum, bioactive compounds, biological activities and health benefits” from 1984 to 2021 (March). Therefore, further studies are required to identify the detailed action mechanism of D. esculentum in vitro/in vivo, and also, more studies should focus on conservation, cultivation, and sustainable utilization of the species.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Therapeutic, and Ethnopharmacological Overview for a Traditionally Important Herb:Boerhavia diffusaLinn.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Mishra ◽  
Vidhu Aeri ◽  
Praveen Kumar Gaur ◽  
Sanjay M. Jachak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Activities ◽  
Boerhavia Diffusa

Boerhavia diffusa(BD) is a plant ofrasayanacategory as per ayurvedic claims. It is reported to possess antiaging, disease prevention, and life strengthening activities which hold enormous influence in disease burden and affordability/availability of healthcare in the world.Objective.This paper has been compiled to comment on the studies reported for BD to highlight its chemical and therapeutic potential along with its ethnopharmacological considerations.Methods.In the present paper, a detailed account of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities has been presented. All the findings were correlated with modern pharmacological activities to appraise the value of BD.Results.Chemical analysis of BD gives a wide variety of chemical constituents, namely, rotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, purine nucleoside, lignans, and steroids. Various ethnopharmacological reports emphasize its role in disorders of reproductive system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, urinary system, hepatic system/jaundice, cardiovascular system, and cancer.Conclusions.The studies on the therapeutic activities of BD range from studies on crude extracts to isolated compounds; however some of the studies require sophistication and validated results. BD is a plant of enormous importance in the purview of its chemical and therapeutic properties.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Mirabilis jalapa- A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 034-045
Author(s):  
Ali Esmail Al-Snafi ◽  
Tayseer Ali Talab ◽  
Wajdi M. Jabbar ◽  
Ali M. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Mirabilis Jalapa

Mirabilis jalapa was used traditionally in the treatment of kidney infections, as diuretic, tonic, cathartic, purgative and emetic. The phytochemical screening of the extracts of the leaves and stems of the Mirabilis jalaparevealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, terpenes, glycosides, saponins, protein, cardiac glycosides, steroids and emodin. The previous pharmacological studies revealed that Mirabilis jalapa possessed wide range of pharmacological and therapeutic effects included antimicrobial, antiparasitic, dermatological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antihistaminic, immune-modulatory, antispasmodic and many other pharmacological effects. The chemical constituents, nutritional, pharmacological and therapeutic effects ofMirabilis jalapawere discussed in the current review.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on a Unani Dynamic Drug: Amla (Emblica officinalis)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Arshi Anjum ◽  
Huda Nafees
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Indian Gooseberry ◽  
Arabic Word ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Herbal Plant

Traditional system of medicine have been in vogue since ages. Amla is one of the herbal plant used in Unani medicine having very versatile actions.The word “Amla” is derived from an Arabic word ‘ambalji’ and in Persian it is called ‘amlah’. In english is commonly known by the name of Indian gooseberry. It is used as medicinally since centuries. Each and every part of the Amla tree is used medicinally but more commonly its fruit is used. It is mostly found in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. All the information on the plant available in Urdu, Persian, Arabic language in classical Unani literature available in different libraries of India from recent to past were searched, for phyto-chemical and pharmacological activities and computerized databases such as Medline, Pubmed, Ovid SP, Google Scholar and Science-direct were searched. In unani classical texts, the temperament of Amlais mentioned as Barid 1°Yabis 2° and its actions are Qabiz, Muqawwie Meda, Muqawwie Shaar. The chemical constituents like amino acids alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine and proline are present in major quantity. Several pharmacological studies have been carried out on it like anti-ulcer, immune modulatory, anti-inflammatory, antitussive and gastroprotective etc. It is used both as single as well as in compound formulations as an main ingredient like Jawarish Amla, Jawarishshahi, Anushdaru and Itrifalat. Through this review an attempt has made to reveal the Unani aspect of Amla and describe Unani pharmacological activities in the light of recent experiemental studies.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON PHARMACOLOGICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF KHATMI (ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS LINN.): AN IMPORTANT MUCILAGINOUS PLANT AND ITS UTILIZATION IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Mazhar Husain ◽  
M Zaigham ◽  
Hamiduddin . ◽  
Abdul Wadud ◽  
Mohd Akhtar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Traditional medicines / drugs are helpful for management of life style disorders and chronic and acute diseases. Khatmi (Althea officinalis Linn.) is a one of the commonly used drugs that has potential for management of many diseases. The meaning of Khatmi (Marshmallow) is Kaseer-al-manafe (Multi actions) in Unani literature. Roots, flowers and seeds of Khatmi are used as a medicament. According to Unani texts the main actions of Khatmi are demulcent, expectorant, defragment, concoctive, astringent, detergent and repellent. It is also used as part of many traditional recipes. Analgesic, emollient, antitussive and diuretic activity are the most ethnobotanical and traditional medicine considerations; also used in Unani medicine for the treatment of the different inflammatory conditions e.g., metritis (Warme reham), enteritis (Warme amaa), mastitis (Warme pistan), arthritis (Waja ul mafasil) etc. Alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, Flavonoids, Polysaccharides, Phytosterols, Fatty acids, Mucilages, Hydroxybenzoic acid etc. are its main Chemical constituents. The whole plant parts yields mucilage in decoction and infusions, which is very useful in case of several ailments of mucous membranes. The scientifically proven / reported pharmacological activities are antitussive, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, UV exposure protective, anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, antioxidant, antifungal, hepatoprotective, ulcer protective etc. These all findings reveal immense utility of Khatmi and scope for developing as a potent therapeutic tool particularly in contemporary lifestyle and also in immune susceptible diseases which is an emerging concern.

Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, Toxicity and Clinical Application of Momordica cochinchinensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yue Lan ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
Yu-Li Shen ◽  
Xiao-Qin Li ◽  
Su-Juan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Momordica Cochinchinensis

Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng (M. cochinchinensis) is a deciduous vine that grows in Southeast Asia. It is known as gac in Vietnam and as Red Melon in English. Gac is reputed to be extremely benificial for health and has been widely used as food and folk medicine in Southeast Asia. In China, the seed of M. cochinchinensis (Chinese name: Mu biezi) is used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of various diseases. More than 60 chemical constituents have been isolated from M. cochinchinensis. Modern pharmacological studies and clinical practice demonstrate that some chemical constituents of M. cochinchinensis possess wide pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, etc. This paper reviews the phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity, and clinical application of M. cochinchinensis, aiming to bring new insights into further research and application of this ancient herb.

Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roohi Mohi-ud-din ◽  
Reyaz Hassan Mir ◽  
Prince Ahad Mir ◽  
Saeema Farooq ◽  
Syed Naiem Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses

Background: Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide, has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations. Objective: The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis. Conclusion: A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.

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