scholarly journals Climate maps as instruments for urban planning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Ruskin Fernandes Marinho de Freitas ◽  
Jaucele de Fátima Ferreira Alves de Azerêdo ◽  
Laís Teixeira de Carvalho ◽  
Renato Freitas da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Climatic Classification ◽  
Climate Maps ◽  
Climate Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Microclimates

There has been a significant increase in studies on climatic mapping linked to urban planning, with the spatialized distribution of urban microclimates, in order to guide municipal actions, aiming at environmental comfort. In this research, various climatic studies have been reviewed so as to develop maps for climate analysis and to draw up recommendations on the use and occupation of land. Climatic classification was adapted for topoclimates, through the overlapping of layers and by attributing heat accumulation values to the base layers. In the city of Recife, fourteen microclimates were identified, categorized into coastal, plain and hillside macrozones. The neighborhoods of Boa Vista and Soledade presented eight microclimates, synthetized into three classes of heat accumulation, which were predominantly high, chiefly in areas of densification, and verticalization. The recommendations aim to assist in urban management, so as to act more precisely in the critical areas, and thereby, as a result of reviewing the urban parameters, provide guidelines for more effective projects on both urban and architectural scales.

scholarly journals Planejamento, estratégia local e complexidade: uma reinterpretação do legado do Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy (Santo André)

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Jeroen Klink
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
The Political ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Neoliberal Globalization ◽  
The Real ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
The City ◽  
Critical Literature

R e s u m o O artigo problematiza a literatura crítica sobre o Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy (Santo André) no sentido de enraizá-la na trajetória específica da cidade de Santo André e de contribuir com a reflexão sobre o significado das “experiências reais” de planejamento estratégico urbano no cenário atual da globalização neoliberal. Argumentamos que a ausência de uma leitura de três dimensões entrelaçadas dificultou uma compreensão adequadado legado deste projeto, isto é: (I) a construção política e contestada da escala local, além de seu significado para a disputa de hegemonia sobre a gestão urbana; (II) o planejamento estratégico,a neoliberalização e a emergência de uma representação hegemônica do espaço urbano a partirdo Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy e (III) planos, projetos estratégicos e a emergência de novos espaços de representação.Palavras-chave Empresariamento urbano; planejamento estratégico; Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy. A b s t r a c t In this paper the critical literature on the Project Eixo Tamanduatehyis highlighted in a problematic perspective, in the sense of embedding it within the specific trajectory of the city of Santo André, and to contribute with a reflection on the significanceof the “real experiences” of strategic urban planning in the present scenario of neoliberal globalization. Our argument is that the absence of an analysis on three interlinked dimensions has made an adequate understanding of the legacy of this project more difficult, that is: (i)the political and contested nature of scale, besides its significance for the hegemonic disputesover urban management; (ii) strategic planning, neoliberalization and the emergence of ahegemonic representation of urban space on the basis of the Project Eixo Tamanduatehy; and (iii) plans, strategic projects and the emergence of new spaces of representation.Keywords Projeto Eixo Tamanduatehy; strategic planning; urban entrepreneurialism;.

scholarly journals Paradigm or paradox? The ‘cumbersome impasse’ of the participatory turn in Brazilian urban planning

Urban Studies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Friendly ◽  
Kristine Stiphany
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Collective Development ◽  
The City

The Brazilian urban reform movement expanded citizen participation in decision-making processes through a policy environment motivated by a right to the city (RTC), a collective development strategy for political transformation. Yet recent events evidence that social exclusion and spatial segregation remain dominant features of the Brazilian city. These contradictions have led planning scholars and practitioners to grapple with misalignment between the reform movement’s paradigmatic goals and its paradoxical failures. We build upon this genre of thinking to assess critical areas of paradigm and paradox in Brazilian planning – insurgent urbanism, informality and knowledge – each of which is rooted in the lesser-understood concept of autogestão for improving the equity of land division through urban planning.1 Although not all inclusive of the issues faced by Brazilian cities, these three categories were selected for best representing how Brazil’s participatory turn established a range of paradigmatic and paradoxical conditions that can help us to understand cities in Brazil and beyond and might better leverage autogestão in the future.

scholarly journals Práticas recentes na gestão do espaço urbano em Itabuna/Ba

GeoTextos ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmar Alves Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Rights To The City

O Planejamento deve ser tratado como estratégia fundamental das práticas de Gestão Urbana e deve ser visto como condutor de um processo relacionado à complexa dinâmica da organização espacial da cidade. Para isso, novos mecanismos de participação popular devem ser postos em prática, envolvendo, necessariamente, a escala do bairro. Para que a cidadania seja exercida, urge conscientizar-se das injustiças de que se é vítima, conhecer seus direitos, discutir estratégias de reação aos desmandos e abusos, buscar, coletivamente, participar como sujeito ativo do fazer histórico do lugar em que se vive. A participação de diferentes atores sociais nos expedientes do planejamento urbano pode assegurar, efetivamente, a conquista e a manutenção de direitos à cidade. Abstract The Planning must be treated as a fundamental strategy of the Urban Management practice and must be seen as a way of a process related to dynamic complex of the spacial organization in the city. For this, new ways of popular participation must be tried, involving, mainly, the scale of the district. To see the citizenship beeing wield, it is necessary to be aware of injustices whose we are victims, to know your rights, to discuss the strategies of reaction against the imposes , to seek, collectively, participate as an ative chap who does the history of the place which you live. The participation as different social actors in the field of the urban planning may keep, efectivaly, the conquest and the maintenance of the rights to the city.

Book Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
City Image ◽  
European Capital Of Culture ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
The Olympic Games

Evinç Doğan (2016). Image of Istanbul, Impact of ECoC 2010 on The City Image. London: Transnational Press London. [222 pp, RRP: £18.75, ISBN: 978-1-910781-22-7]The idea of discovering or creating a form of uniqueness to differentiate a place from others is clearly attractive. In this regard, and in line with Ashworth (2009), three urban planning instruments are widely used throughout the world as a means of boosting a city’s image: (i) personality association - where places associate themselves with a named individual from history, literature, the arts, politics, entertainment, sport or even mythology; (ii) the visual qualities of buildings and urban design, which include flagship building, signature urban design and even signature districts and (iii) event hallmarking - where places organize events, usually cultural (e.g., European Capital of Culture, henceforth referred to as ECoC) or sporting (e.g., the Olympic Games), in order to obtain worldwide recognition. 

Problems of Analysis of Design and Research Methods of Interaction with the Urban Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
П. В. Капустин ◽  
А. И. Гаврилов
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Historical Dynamics ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City ◽  
Research And Design

Состояние проблемы. Проблематика городской среды заявила о себе в 1960-е годы как протест против модернистских методов урбанизма и других видов проектирования. Средовое движение не случайно тогда именовали «антипрофессиональным» - оно было направлено против устоявшихся и недейственных методов работы с городом - от исследования до управления. За прошедшие десятилетия в рамках самого средового движения и его идейных наследников наработано немало методов и приемов работы, однако они до сих не подвергались анализу как пребывающая в исторической динамике целостная совокупность инструментария, альтернативного традиционному градостроительству. Результаты. Рассмотрены особенности и проблемы анализа методологического «арсенала» средового движения и урбанистики. Методы работы с городской средой впервые структурированы по типам знания. Показана близость методов исследовательского и проектного подходов в отношении городской среды. Выводы. В ближайшее время можно ожидать появления новых синтетических знаний и частных методологий, связанных как с обострением средовой проблематики, с расширением круга средовых акторов, так и с процессом профессионализации урбанистики. Statement of the problem. The urban environment paradigm emerged in the 1960s as a protest against the modernist methods of urbanism and other types of design. It was no coincidence that the environmental movement was back then called "anti-professional" as it was directed against the established and ineffective methods of working with the city, i. e., from research to management. Over the past decades, within the framework of the environmental movement and its ideological heirs, a lot of methods and have been developed. However, they have not yet been analyzed as an integral set of tools in the historical dynamics which is an alternative to traditional urban planning. Results. The features and problems of the analysis of the methodological “arsenal” of environmental movement and urban studies are considered. The methods of working with the urban environment are first structured according to the types of knowledge. The proximity of research and design approaches in the case when the urban environment is dealt with is shown. Conclusions. In the nearest future, we can expect new synthetic knowledge and particular methodologies related to both the exacerbation of environmental problems to emerge as well as the expansion of the circle of environmental actors and the process of professionalization of urbanstics.

scholarly journals Urban Policies and Large Projects in Central City Areas: The Example of Madrid (Spain)

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Dolores Brandis García
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central City ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urban Policies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The City

Since the late 20th century major, European cities have exhibited large projects driven by neoliberal urban planning policies whose aim is to enhance their position on the global market. By locating these projects in central city areas, they also heighten and reinforce their privileged situation within the city as a whole, thus contributing to deepening the centre–periphery rift. The starting point for this study is the significance and scope of large projects in metropolitan cities’ urban planning agendas since the final decade of the 20th century. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the correlation between the various opposing conservative and progressive urban policies, and the projects put forward, for the city of Madrid. A study of documentary sources and the strategies deployed by public and private agents are interpreted in the light of a process during which the city has had a succession of alternating governments defending opposing urban development models. This analysis allows us to conclude that the predominant large-scale projects proposed under conservative policies have contributed to deepening the centre–periphery rift appreciated in the city.

scholarly journals The Role of Biophilic Agents in Building a Green Resilient City; the Case of Birmingham, UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5033
Author(s):  
Linda Novosadová ◽  
Wim van der Knaap
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Community Projects ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The City

The present research offers an exploration into the biophilic approach and the role of its agents in urban planning in questions of building a green, resilient urban environment. Biophilia, the innate need of humans to connect with nature, coined by Edgar O. Wilson in 1984, is a concept that has been used in urban governance through institutions, agents’ behaviours, activities and systems to make the environment nature-inclusive. Therefore, it leads to green, resilient environments and to making cities more sustainable. Due to an increasing population, space within and around cities keeps on being urbanised, replacing natural land cover with concrete surfaces. These changes to land use influence and stress the environment, its components, and consequently impact the overall resilience of the space. To understand the interactions and address the adverse impacts these changes might have, it is necessary to identify and define the environment’s components: the institutions, systems, and agents. This paper exemplifies the biophilic approach through a case study in the city of Birmingham, United Kingdom and its biophilic agents. Using the categorisation of agents, the data obtained through in-situ interviews with local professionals provided details on the agent fabric and their dynamics with the other two environments’ components within the climate resilience framework. The qualitative analysis demonstrates the ways biophilic agents act upon and interact within the environment in the realm of urban planning and influence building a climate-resilient city. Their activities range from small-scale community projects for improving their neighbourhood to public administration programs focusing on regenerating and regreening the city. From individuals advocating for and educating on biophilic approach, to private organisations challenging the business-as-usual regulations, it appeared that in Birmingham the biophilic approach has found its representatives in every agent category. Overall, the activities they perform in the environment define their role in building resilience. Nonetheless, the role of biophilic agents appears to be one of the major challengers to the urban design’s status quo and the business-as-usual of urban governance. Researching the environment, focused on agents and their behaviour and activities based on nature as inspiration in addressing climate change on a city level, is an opposite approach to searching and addressing the negative impacts of human activity on the environment. This focus can provide visibility of the local human activities that enhance resilience, while these are becoming a valuable input to city governance and planning, with the potential of scaling it up to other cities and on to regional, national, and global levels.

scholarly journals The study of urban climate and traffic: Considerations from the Araraquara case, SP

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02070
Author(s):  
Clélia Mendonça de Moraes ◽  
Edson Melanda ◽  
Nilson Roberto de Barros Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Urban Geometry ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Microclimates

The article discusses the interface between the influence of the urban climate and the traffic accident, there are as reference the results of the research carried out for the Araraquara case, SP, Brazil. Initially presented a brief analysis of urban mobility, geoprocessing (GIS) and the climatic importance in relation to urban sustainability. The article analyzes the urban climate of Araraquara, especially with regard to solar radiation on city streets and green areas. It was based on the premise that there is a correlation between the urban microclimates and the variables related to the traffic accident. Thus, a georeferenced mapping of the urban geometry was carried out by associating the climatic variables such as solar radiation, temperature and humidity of the air, to three parameters related to the traffic accident were chosen from the a) traffic accident with victim, b) without victim and c) motorcycle. At the end, the article proposes how the results found can reduce traffic accident and contribute to urban planning

Obstacles on the Path to Urban Greatness: Competing Plans for the Creation of Greater Lviv (“Wielki Lwów”)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671
Author(s):  
Nadja Weck
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
The Future ◽  
Imperial Capital ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The City

Like in many other provinces, during the Habsburg period, the main point of orientation for Galicia was Vienna. This also applies to architecture and urban development. Galicia’s technical elite applied the theoretical and practical experience it gathered in Vienna to the towns and cities of this northeastern Crown land. Ignacy Drexler, born in 1878 in the Austro-Hungarian Lemberg, was a representative of a new generation of engineers and architects who did not necessarily have to spend time in the imperial capital to earn their spurs. Increasingly, besides the more or less obligatory stay in Vienna, other European countries became points of reference. Drexler did not live to see the realization of important aspects of his comprehensive plan for the city, but his ideas and the data he compiled were indispensable for the future development of his hometown. They shape urban planning in Lviv to this day.

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