scholarly journals Soil Fertility, Oil Palm Growth and Productivity on Three Pyritic Depths

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Edy Sigit Sutarta ◽  
Dhimas Wiratmoko ◽  
Erwin Nyak Akoeb
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
High Acidity ◽  
Nutrients Uptake ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Macro Nutrients

Acid sulfidic land is one of the marginal land that has been used for oil palm development.  Low soil acidity (pH) and high content of Al and Fe are limiting factors for oil palm development in this area.  Oil palm yield in this area was very limited and could not reach the standard of oil palm productivity in mineral soils. The objectives of this study were mapping the pyritic depth distribution, and observing the soil fertility on three pyritic depth (40 – 60 cm, 60 - 90 cm, and >90 cm). The results of this study showed that Paya Rambe plantation had varied pyritic depths, between 40-110 cm. The shallow pyritic depth was found along the river to the sea estuary.  Shallow pyritic depth soil has lower soil fertility than the deeper one.  Soil with shallow pyritic layer has high acidity, Fe, S, and Al contents, also contain low macro nutrients (N, P, K, and Mg) availability.  Furthermore, shallow pyritic depth reduced the oil palm growth, nutrients uptake and oil palm productivity.

scholarly journals Soil Acidity Soil Acidity Mapping of Tidal Swamp Lands planted with rice in Ampukung Village, Kelua District, Tabalong Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Noor Khamidah ◽  
Riza Adrianoor Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Tidal Swamps

Tidal swamp land is one type of wetland in South Kalimantan, where the water level is influenced by the season/rainfall. Based on the puddle level and duration, tidal swamp land has three typologies, namely shallow tidal swamp, middle tidal swamp, and deep tidal swamp. The wetlands in Ampukung village are classified in tidal swamps.  Most of the tidal swamps have been utilized for agricultural activities, especially rice. Till now, rice farming in the tidal swamps of Ampukung village has not experienced any significant problems. In 2016, the rice harvest in Ampukung village exceeded the target of South Kalimantan. This success is considered to be increased by planting twice a year. However, some issues need to be addressed regarding the characteristics of the land in Ampukung village. Soil fertility, especially soil acidity, is one of the limiting factors in the utilization of tidal swamp land. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the acidity of the soil in the tidal swamp of Ampukung village. The acidity data is basic information to determine the condition of soil fertility to achieve the target of planting rice twice a year. This information will be presented in the form of a map to assist users in interpreting the research data. This study found that the soil pH in the tidal swamp lands of Ampukung Village, which was planted with rice, was highly acidic and homogeneously distributed.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi, Kesesuaian Lahan dan Teknologi Kelapa Sawit Rakyat di Rawa Pasang Surut Kalimantan Tengah

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anang Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Acid Sulfate Soils ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Drainage Class ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Sulfate Soils

Oil palm extensification in tide land. It’s a marginal land which sensitive to degradation. Otherwise, peat is low bearing capacity, subsidence, drying irreversible and close fire and then emission of green house gas. So other soil in the tide land is acid sulfate soils have a pyrite, while be can oxidation can produce of increased soil acidity and ferro and aluminum. Location of research include ine Ex Rice Mega Project ie. Kapuas Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency, and other is East Kotawaringin Regency. Limiting factor in soil mineral are effective dept of soil and drainage class (S3-d2.s2 dan s2-d2); and then in peatland are soil dept, decomposition factor and drainage class (S3-t2.d2, S3-s2d2 dan S3-d2). Agronomic action used farmer and plantation industry very variance, so characteristic and climate quality, land, agronomic, post harvest wil can level of agronomic compound of oil palm in tide land wich better for produce, efficiency, and green environment. Keywords: Oil palm, tidal swamp, Central Kalimantan

Soil Fertility under Continuous Cultivation in Northern Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Heathcote
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Potassium Deficiency ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Organic Manures ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Savanna Zone

SUMMARYSoil acidity, incipient potassium deficiency, and a deficiency of one or more trace elements were limiting factors in three trials of long-term soil fertility changes under continuous cultivation in the Sudan Savanna zone of Nigeria. The effectiveness of organic manures is explained largely or wholly in terms of these factors, since no evidence has yet been found to suggest that the addition of organic matter as such is of value.

Greenhouse gas fluxes from an oil palm plantation on mineral soil in Indonesia undergoing riparian restoration 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella White ◽  
Ribka Sionita Tarigan ◽  
Anak Agung Ketut Aryawan ◽  
Edgar Turner ◽  
Sarah Luke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Riparian Restoration ◽  
Enrichment Planting ◽  
Mineral Soils ◽  
Ghg Fluxes

<p>Oil palm (OP) growers are under pressure to reduce their environmental impact. Ecosystem function and biodiversity are at the forefront of the issue, but what effect do changes in management practices have on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from plantations? </p><p>The Riparian Ecosystem Restoration in Tropical Agriculture (RERTA) Project is a collaboration between the University of Cambridge and the SMART Research Institute in Riau, Indonesia. This project explores the ecological changes resulting from the restoration of riparian margins between plantations and watercourses. Four management strategies were applied on both sides of a river to create 50m riparian buffers, 400m in length: (1) A control treatment of no restoration, the removal of mature OP and replanting of young OP to the river margin; (2) Little to no agricultural management of mature OP; (3) Clearance of mature OP and enrichment planting with native forest trees; (4) Little or no agricultural management of mature OP and enrichment planting with native forest trees. Here we present a specific objective to investigate the effect of riparian restoration – and related changes in soil characteristics, structure and vegetation cover – on fluxes of N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> from mineral soils.</p><p>The experimental site began as a mature OP plantation, with monthly background measurements taken between January and April 2019. Palms were felled in April 2019 and monthly sampling was resumed when replanting and restoration began, in October 2019. We measured GHGs using static chambers; 6 in each riparian treatment and 16 in the actual OP plantation, 40 chambers in total. Samples were analysed using GC-FID/µECD.</p><p>Background measurements before felling showed high variability, but indicated no difference between the four experimental plots and the rest of the plantation. Fluxes measured following replanting were also highly variable, with no significant differences observed between treatments. N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes were relatively low before felling as the mature palms were no longer fertilised. Higher emissions were seen in the disturbed immature OP and forest tree treatments following replanting. Though the sites appeared to recover quickly and emission fluxes decreased after a few months, presumably as the soil settled and new vegetation began to grow. CH<sub>4</sub> uptake was seen in the immature OP treatment immediately after replanting. In subsequent months no clear trends of CH<sub>4</sub> uptake or emission were observed, with the greatest variability generally seen in the forest tree treatment. CH<sub>4</sub> emissions increased in October 2020 with the beginning of the rainy season, most notably in mature OP and mature OP with forest tree treatments. Following restoration CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were higher in treatments with established plant communities – mature OP and mature OP with forest trees.</p><p>These results suggest that riparian restoration had no significant effect on GHG fluxes from mineral soils, and would not alter the overall GHG budget of a plantation. If there is no additional GHG burden and riparian restoration results in enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services as well as improving water quality, it will be a viable management option to improve the environmental impact of an OP plantation.</p>

scholarly journals Ameliorasi Berbasis Unsur Hara Silika di Lahan Rawa

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Adha Siregar ◽  
Wahida Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Fe Uptake ◽  
Enormous Amount ◽  
Toxicity Level ◽  
Fe Toxicity

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Unsur hara Silika (Si) memiliki peranan penting pada pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Tanaman padi menyerap Si dalam jumlah yang besar yaitu sekitar 10 kali N, 20 kali P, 6 kali K dan 30 kali Ca. Budidaya padi di lahan rawa memiliki beberapa faktor pembatas yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi diantaranya keracunan unsur toksik seperti Fe dan Al. Kadar unsur toksik terutama Fe di lahan rawa menyebabkan tanah menjadi masam, sehingga banyak tanaman yang tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi tersebut. Kondisi ini dapat diatasi diantaranya dengan aplikasi Si, yang berperan menurunkan serapan Fe dan Al yang berada dalam kondisi toksik. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Si berpengaruh dalam menurunkan tingkat toksisitas Al dan Fe di tanah. Aplikasi Si sebagai amelioran mengurangi kandungan Fe pada permukaan akar padi serta menurunkan serapan Fe pada tanaman padi sawah melalui peningkatan kekuatan oksidasi akar. Lebih lanjut, aplikasi Si pada budidaya tanaman padi dapat meningkatkan hasil gabah sebesar 50,8%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abtract.</strong> Silicon (Si) has an important role on rice crops growth and productivity. Rice crops absorbs enormous amount of Si as much as ten times of N, twenty times of P, six times of K and thirty times of Ca. Rice cultivation in swampland has several limiting factors such as Fe and Al toxicity. Fe toxicity could increase soil acidity in swampland. However, most plants could not adapt to this condition. Si application as soil ameliorant could be an option to overcome this problem. Si could reduce the toxicity level of Fe and Mn in soil. Previous research proved that Si could decrease Fe and Al toxicity. Si application as ameliorant could reduce Fe concentration in root zone which lead to decreasing Fe uptake through increasing oxidation capability of the root. Moreover, Si application could increase rice yield up to 50.8%.<em></em><sup>.</sup></p>

scholarly journals Productivity of Indigofera zollingeriana under different canopy and soil acidity level in oil palm estate

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Iwan Herdiawan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

<p class="abstrak2">Oil palm estate area in Indonesia is generally located in a sub-optimal land that has great opportunity for the development of forage supply. This study aims were to determine productivity of <em>Indigofera</em> zollingeriana under various canopy level. This research used factorial randomized block design with 3 canopy levels (under 2, 5, and 7 year oil palm canopy) and 2 levels of soil acidity (neutral and acid soil) treatments, where each treatment was repeated 4 times. Parameters observed were production and nutrient content of <em>Indigofera</em> zollingeriana. Research results showed that there was no interaction between the canopy levels and soil acidity on the production of fresh leaves, stems/branches, biomass, and leaves/stem ratio of I. zollingeriana. Production of fresh leaves, stems, biomass, and leaves/branches ratio of <em>I. </em>zollingeriana significantly (P &lt;0.01) decreased along with increase of canopy level. Soil acidity significantly (P &lt;0.05) decreased production of fresh leaves, stems, biomass, and leaves/branches ratio. Level of canopy treatment significantly (P &lt;0.05) increased content of crude protein, crude fiber and energy, otherwise value of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and organic matter digestibilyity (IVOMD) were decrease. Soil acidity significantly (P &lt;0.05) decreased calcium content, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of <em>I. </em>zollingeriana.</p>

scholarly journals The Effects of Biofertilizers on Growth, Soil Fertility, and Nutrients Uptake of Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis) under Greenhouse Conditions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1681
Author(s):  
Aaronn Avit Ajeng ◽  
Rosazlin Abdullah ◽  
Marlinda Abdul Malek ◽  
Kit Wayne Chew ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Greenhouse Study

The full dependency on chemical fertilizers in oil palm plantation poses an enormous threat to the ecosystem through the degradation of soil and water quality through leaching to the groundwater and contaminating the river. A greenhouse study was conducted to test the effect of combinations of biofertilizers with chemical fertilizer focusing on the soil fertility, nutrient uptake, and the growth performance of oil palms seedlings. Soils used were histosol, spodosol, oxisol, and ultisol. The three treatments were T1: 100% chemical fertilizer (NPK 12:12:17), T2: 70% chemical fertilizer + 30% biofertilizer A (CF + BFA), and T3: 70% + 30% biofertilizer B (CF + BFB). T2 and T3, respectively increased the growth of oil palm seedlings and soil nutrient status but seedlings in oxisol and ultisol under T3 had the highest in almost all parameters due to the abundance of more efficient PGPR. The height of seedlings in ultisol under T3 was 22% and 17% more than T2 and T1 respectively, with enhanced girth size, chlorophyll content, with improved nutrient uptake by the seedlings. Histosol across all treatments has a high macronutrient content suggesting that the rate of chemical fertilizer application should be revised when planting using the particular soil. With the reduction of chemical fertilizer by 25%, the combined treatment with biofertilizers could enhance the growth of the oil palm seedlings and soil nutrient properties regardless of the soil orders.

scholarly journals Soil fertility changes following conversion of grassland to oil palm

Soil Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 698 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Nelson ◽  
M. Banabas ◽  
S. Nake ◽  
I. Goodrick ◽  
M. J. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Exchangeable Magnesium ◽  
Mg Content

Impacts of palm oil industry expansion on biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions might be mitigated if future plantings replace grassland rather than forest. However, the trajectory of soil fertility following planting of oil palm on grasslands is unknown. We assessed the changes in fertility of sandy volcanic ash soils (0–0.15 m depth) in the first 25 years following conversion of grassland to oil palm in smallholder blocks in Papua New Guinea, using a paired-site approach (nine sites). There were significant decreases in soil pH (from pH 6.1 to 5.7) and exchangeable magnesium (Mg) content following conversion to oil palm but no significant change in soil carbon (C) contents. Analyses to 1.5 m depth at three sites indicated little change in soil properties below 0.5 m. There was considerable variability between sites, despite them being in a similar landscape and having similar profile morphology. Soil Colwell phosphorus (P) and exchangeable potassium (K) contents decreased under oil palm at sites with initially high contents of C, nitrogen, Colwell P and exchangeable cations. We also assessed differences in soil fertility between soil under oil palm (established after clearing forest) and adjacent forest at two sites. At those sites, there was significantly lower soil bulk density, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable calcium, Mg and K under oil palm, but the differences may have been due to less clayey texture at the oil palm sites than the forest sites. Cultivation of oil palm maintained soil structure and fertility in the desirable range, indicating that it is a sustainable endeavour in this environment.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Assessment of Semiarid Soils from Nigeria Cropped to Sorghum

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Nasiru M. Danmowa ◽  
Peter Nkedi- Kizza ◽  
Kelly T. Morgan ◽  
Kamal Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available P ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Semiarid Soils ◽  
Sorghum Production ◽  
Macro Nutrients

The aim of this study is to characterize the fertility status of the Dingyadi soils from semiarid Northern Nigeria, by using different methods of extraction to assess the potential for soil available macro and micronutrients to the sorghum crop. The study also compared concentrations of extractable nutrients between extractants for ascertaining the possibility of using one method to quantify a variety of plant-available nutrients in soils. Surface (0-15 cm) and sub-surface (15-30 cm) soil samples were collected along a topo-sequence at Dingyadi Sokoto-Nigeria, where sorghum had been grown, to characterize the soil chemical and physical properties that can influence soil fertility for sorghum production. The topo-sequence consisted of valley floor (TLL1), middle (TUP2), and crest (TUP3) positions of the slope. At each position 60 concentrations of each plant nutrient were used for the comparisons.Soil extraction for nutrients was carried out at the Environmental Soil Physics laboratory, Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, while analysis of aliquots for the elements was carried out at the Southwest Florida Research and Education Center, Immokalee, Florida. The study was carried out over a period of eight months, in 2016-2017. Soil samples were extracted using different extraction methods (Mehlich-3, Bray-1, Ammonium acetate, and DI-Water). A soil to solution ratio of 1:1 was used across all extraction methods to facilitate comparison between methods. However, a test was carried out to examine the effect of soil to solution ratio of (1:10) on extractable macro nutrients using Mehlich3 for randomly selected soil samples across the topo-sequence. Soil samples were also analyzed for texture, pH, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). All soil soils were sandy, low in organic matter content, and CEC.With respect to sorghum production, the soils had adequate nutrients (Mg, Ca, K, and P) and soil pH. All soil samples contained no exchangeable K. Mehlich3 extracted higher available P than Bray1 in TLL1, but equal amounts in TUP2 and TUP3. Good correlations exist between extracting methods for macro nutrients (Mg, Ca, K, and P). Bray1 method used for available P is not suitable for soils that have pH greater than 7 determined in water. Mehlich3 is more suitable for the semiarid soils of Northern Nigeria that are acidic or alkaline. The Mehlich3 method should be calibrated with yield response of crops to substitute for Bray1 available phosphorus. Also, Mehlich3 method could be used for the multi-nutrient test with a good correlation with other methods like ammonium acetate for exchangeable bases.

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