scholarly journals Efficiency of using inverter power plants as part of multifunctional energy technology complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-253
Author(s):  
Ivan Ya. Redko ◽  
Andrey A. Malozemov ◽  
Georgiy A. Malozemov ◽  
Alexey V. Naumov ◽  
Dmitry V. Kozminykh
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Damage Accumulation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Engine Operation

A method has been developed for a comprehensive multi-criteria assessment of the efficiency of using inverter power plants as part of multifunctional energy-technological complexes with technical solutions aimed at reducing the negative consequences of the internal combustion engine operation with an optimal from the point of view of fuel efficiency speed. The method includes: synthesis of the optimal engine speed control algorithm, determination of the complex operating modes under operating conditions, assessment of changes in fuel consumption and harmful substances emissions with exhaust gases and resource consumption rate when the engine is switched to the operating mode with the optimal speed, complex technical and economic assessment of the inverter power plants efficiency. On the example of an inverter power plant with a capacity of 100 kW, the need to apply the method is proved. It was found that the engine operation with the optimal from the point of view of fuel efficiency speed and without additional design measures entails an increase in the damage accumulation rate by 1.7-2.1 times and therefore is economically inexpedient, despite a decrease in fuel consumption by 1% or more. It was found that a decrease in the compression ratio with a simultaneous increase in the boost pressure makes it possible to increase the engine resource up to a functional failure due to damage accumulation by 43% and to a parametric failure due to wear by 32%, while the operating costs of the inverter power plant will decrease by 3.7% relative to the base (no changes) power plants. The emission of soot particles will decrease by about 2 times, nitrogen oxides - by 2%, hydrocarbons - almost to zero.

scholarly journals Exergy and Economic Evaluation of a Hybrid Power Plant Coupling Coal with Solar Energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Serrano-Sanchez ◽  
Marina Olmeda-Delgado ◽  
Fontina Petrakopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant

Hybrid power plants that couple conventional with renewable energy are promising alternatives to electricity generation with low greenhouse gas emissions. Such plants aim to improve the operational stability of renewable power plants, while at the same time reducing the fuel consumption of conventional fossil fuel power plants. Here, we propose and evaluate the thermodynamic and economic viability of a hybrid plant under different operating conditions, applying exergy and economic analyses. The hybrid plant combines a coal plant with a solar-tower field. The plant is also compared with a conventional coal-fired plant of similar capacity. The results show that the proposed hybrid plant can emit 4.6% less pollutants due to the addition of solar energy. Fuel consumption can also be decreased by the same amount. The exergy efficiency of the hybrid power plant is found to be 35.8%, 1.6 percentage points higher than the efficiency of the conventional coal plant, and the total capital investment needed to build and operate a plant is 8050.32 $/kW. This cost is higher than the necessary capital investment of 5979.69 $/kW to build and operate a coal-fired power plant, and it is mainly due to the higher purchased equipment cost. Finally, the levelized cost of electricity of the hybrid plant is found to be 0.19 $/kWh (using both solar and coal resources) and 0.12 $/kWh when the plant is fueled only with coal.

Real-Time Thermodynamic Performance Monitoring and Optimum Thermoeconomic Operation of Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hariharan ◽  
B. Kosanovic
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Recursive Least Squares ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
One Step ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

The ability of modern power plant data acquisition systems to provide a continuous real-time data feed can be exploited to carry out interesting research studies. In the first part of this study, real-time data from a power plant is used to carry out a comprehensive heat balance calculation. The calculation involves application of the first law of thermodynamics to each powerhouse component. Stoichiometric combustion principles are applied to calculate emissions from fossil fuel consuming components. Exergy analysis is carried out for all components by the combined application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. In the second part of this study, techniques from the field of System Identification and Linear Programming are brought together in finding thermoeconomically optimum plant operating conditions one step ahead in time. This is done by first using autoregressive models to make short-term predictions of plant inputs and outputs. Then, parameter estimation using recursive least squares is used to determine the relations between the predicted inputs and outputs. The estimated parameters are used in setting up a linear programming problem which is solved using the simplex method. The end result is knowledge of thermoeconomically optimum plant inputs and outputs one step ahead in time.

scholarly journals Ecological Aspects of Implementing Prospective Propulsion Schemes of Short and Medium Haul Aircrafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Самойлов ◽  
M. Samoylov ◽  
Бурцев ◽  
S. Burtsev ◽  
Симаков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Traditional Patterns

The influence of the circuitry of the hybrid power plant short and medium haul aircraft on their fuel efficiency and environmental characteristics have been investigated. Directions of improvement of traditional patterns of power plants of aircraft on the example of PD-14 engine were analyzed. It has been shown that the use of turbojet engines and traditional schemes operating on aviation kerosene, will not allow to fulfill the demands made by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to perspective plane 2025–2035. The analysis of the three schemes hybrid propulsion systems has been performed. It has been shown that using the presented hybrid propulsion systems of alternative fuels can reduce CO2 emissions by 19% to 20% compared with conventional turbojet engines, which run on kerosene TS-1. It has been shown that this fuel efficiency is increased by 2–3%, and the total mass of the power plant increases of 6 to 16%.

Improvement of the Exergoeconomic “Fuel-Impact” Analysis for Acceptance Tests in Power Plants

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Zaleta-Aguilar ◽  
Armando Gallegos-Muñoz ◽  
Antonio Valero ◽  
Javier Royo
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
The Real ◽  
Classical Procedure ◽  
Acceptance Tests

Abstract This work builds on the previous work on “Exergoeconomics Fuel-Impact” developed by Torres (1991), Valero et. al. (1994), and compares it with respect to the Performance Test Code (PTC’s) actually applied in power plants (ASME/ANSI PTC-6, 1970). With the objective of proposing procedures for PTC’s in power plant’s based on an exergoeconomics point of view. It was necessary to validate the Fuel-Impact Theories, and improve the conceptual expression, in order to make it more applicable to the real conditions in the plant. By mean of a program using simulation and field data, it was possible to validate and compare the procedures. This work has analyzed an example of a 110 MW Power Plant, in which all the exergetic costs have been determined for the steam cycle, and a fuel-impact analysis has been developed for the steam turbines at the design and off-design conditions. The result of the fuel-impact analysis is compared with respect to a classical procedure related in ASME-PTC-6.

Turbo Gas Power Plants Performance Evaluation for Putting Into Commercial Operation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Rosado Tamariz ◽  
Norberto Pe´rez Rodri´guez ◽  
Rafael Garci´a Illescas
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Requirements Specifications ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Operational Tests

In order to evaluate the performance of new turbo gas power plants for putting in commercial operation, it was necessary to supervise, test and, if so the case, to approve the works of commissioning, operational and acceptance of all equipments and systems that constitute the power plant. All this was done with the aim of guaranteeing the satisfactory operation of these elements to accomplish the function for which they were developed. These activities were conducted at the request of the customer to confirm and observe that the evidence of the tests was carried out according to the specifications and international regulations. The putting into commercial operation activities were done in collaboration with the supplier and manufacturer of equipment, the client and the institution responsible for certification and approval of the plant. All this in a logical and chronological order for the sequence of commissioning tests, operation and acceptance. Commissioning tests were carried out on-site at normal operating conditions, according to the design and operation needs of each power plant of a group of 14. Once the commissioning tests were completely executed and in a satisfactory manner, operational tests of the plants were developed. This was done by considering that they must operate reliable, stable, safe and automatically, satisfying at least, one hundred hours of continuous operation at full load. After evaluating the operational capacity of the machine, it was necessary to determinate the quality of the plant by carrying out a performance test. Finally, it was verified if every unit fulfills the technical requirements established in terms of heat capacity of the machine, noise levels and emissions. As a result of this process, it is guaranteed to the customer that the turbo gas power plants, their systems and equipments, satisfy the requirements, specifications and conditions in agreement with the supplier and manufacturers referring to the putting into commercial operation of the plant.

Power Augmentation Technologies for Gas Turbines: Alternatives for an Existing Simple Cycle Power Plant in Peru

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Celis ◽  
Sergio Peralta ◽  
Walter Galarza
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Simple Cycle ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Type Power

Abstract The influence of different power augmentation techniques used in gas turbines on the performance of simple cycle type power plants is assessed in this work. A computational model and tool realistically describing the performance of a typical simple cycle type power plant at design and off-design point conditions is initially developed. This tool is complemented with different models of power augmentation technologies. Finally, the whole model including both power plant and power augmentation techniques is used to analyze a case study involving a particular power plant in Peru. The results from the simulations of the specific power plant indicate that power output can be increased through all the evaluated power augmentation technologies. These results show indeed that technologies based on absorption refrigeration systems produce the largest gains in terms of power output (7.1%) and thermal efficiency (0.7%). Such results confirm the suitability of these systems for simple cycle type power plant configurations operating under hot and humid operating conditions as those accounted for here. From an economic perspective, considering the net present value as the key parameter defining the feasibility of a project in this category, power augmentation techniques based on absorption cooling systems result also the most suitable ones for the studied power plant. Power augmentation techniques environmental implications are also quantified in terms of CO2 emissions.

Paper 11: Feed Pumps for Modern Steam Boiler Applications, Design, Development, and Operation

1969 ◽  
Vol 184 (14) ◽  
pp. 108-148
Author(s):  
P. S. Neporozhnii ◽  
A. K. Kirsh
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Feed Pump ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Power Plant Equipment ◽  
Plant Equipment

This paper describes the operating conditions which form the basis for determining the various types of feed pump units needed to equip the main power plant equipment in the U.S.S.R. The principles upon which the feed pump groups are selected, according to the type of equipment installed in different power plants, are considered. The system diagrams and design features of the feed pumps are presented, together with descriptions of how they are driven.

Performance Analysis of a 565 MW Steam Power Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chacartegui ◽  
D. Sa´nchez ◽  
J. A. Becerra ◽  
A. Mun˜oz ◽  
T. Sa´nchez
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Power Plant ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Steam Power Plants

In this work, a tool to predict the performance of fossil fuel steam power plants under variable operating conditions or under maintenance operations has been developed. This tool is based on the Spencer-Cotton-Cannon method for large steam turbine generator units. The tool has been validated by comparing the predicted results at different loads with real operating data of a 565 MW steam power plant, located in Southern Spain. The results obtained from the model show a good agreement with most of the power plant parameters. The simulation tool has been then used to predict the performance of a steam power plant in different operating conditions such as variable terminal temperature difference or drain cooler approach of the feed-water heaters, or under maintenance conditions like a feed-water heater out of service.

scholarly journals Observations on and potential trends for mechanically supercharging a downsized passenger car engine:a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Hu ◽  
James WG Turner ◽  
Sam Akehurst ◽  
Chris Brace ◽  
Colin Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Charging System ◽  
Current State ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Swept Volume

Engine downsizing is a proven approach for achieving a superior fuel efficiency. It is conventionally achieved by reducing the swept volume of the engine and by employing some means of increasing the specific output to achieve the desired installed engine power, usually in the form of an exhaust-driven turbocharger. However, because of the perceptible time needed for the turbocharger system to generate the required boost pressure, a characteristic of turbocharged engines is their degraded driveability in comparison with those of their naturally aspirated counterparts. Mechanical supercharging refers to the technology that compresses the intake air using the energy taken directly from the engine crankshaft. It is anticipated that engine downsizing which is realised either solely by a supercharger or by a combination of a supercharger and a turbocharger will enhance a vehicle’s driveability without significantly compromising the fuel consumption at an engine level compared with the downsizing by turbocharging. The capability of the supercharger system to eliminate the high exhaust back pressure, to reduce the pulsation interference and to mitigate the surge issue of a turbocharged engine in a compound-charging system offsets some of the fuel consumption penalty incurred in driving the supercharger. This, combined with an optimised down-speeding strategy, can further improve the fuel efficiency performance of a downsized engine while still enhancing its driveability and performance at a vehicle level. This paper first reviews the fundamentals and the types of supercharger that are currently used, or have been used, in passenger car engines. Next, the relationships between the downsizing, the driveability and the down-speeding are introduced to identify the improved synergies between the engine and the boosting machine. Then, mass production and prototype downsized supercharged passenger car engines are briefly described, followed by a detailed review of the current state-of-the-art supercharging technologies that are in production as opposed to the approaches that are currently only being investigated at a research level. Finally, the trends for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine are discussed, with the aim of identifying potential development directions for the future. Enhancement of the low-end torque, improvement in the transient driveability and reduction in low-load parasitic losses are the three main development directions for a supercharger system, among which the adoption of a continuously variable transmission to decouple the supercharger speed from the engine speed, improvement of the compressor isentropic and volumetric efficiency and innovation of the supercharger mechanism seem to be the potential trend for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine.

scholarly journals Simplified imitation model of fuel processor in composition of air-independent power plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
А.В. Балакин ◽  
А.Н. Дядик ◽  
А.С. Кармазин ◽  
М.В. Ларионов ◽  
С.Н. Сурин
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Processor ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Hydrogen Supply ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
The Individual

В статье представлена упрощенная имитационная модель, описывающая работу топливного процессора в составе воздухонезависимой энергетической установки. Рассмотрено блочное моделирование отдельных составляющих ВНЭУ, в частности, высокотемпературного реактора, блока очистки газа от серы и сажи, первого и второго блоков конверсии, сепаратора и регулирующего клапана. Имитационные модели отдельных элементов ВНЭУ позволяют рассчитывать динамические характеристики энергоустановки и создавать алгоритмы управления клапанами подачи водорода в переходных режимах. Теоретические зависимости для определения массовых расходов реагентов, температур и давлений приведены для идеальных газов с целью представления в среде LabVIEW с учетом полученных экспериментальных данных для проведения расчета маневров по регулированию давления на заданных режимах работы ВНЭУ при различных условиях ее работы. The article presents a simplified simulation model that describes the operation of the fuel processor as part of an air-independent power plant. Block modeling of the individual components of an air-independent power plant, in particular, a high-temperature reactor, a unit for cleaning gas from sulfur and soot, the first and second conversion units, a separator, and a control valve, is considered. Simulation models of individual elements of an air-independent power plant allow you to calculate the dynamic characteristics of a power plant and create algorithms for controlling hydrogen supply valves in transient conditions. Theoretical dependencies for determining the mass flow rates of reagents, temperatures and pressures are given for ideal gases for the purpose of presentation in the LabVIEW environment, taking into account the obtained experimental data for the calculation of maneuvers for regulating pressure at specified operating modes of an air-independent power plant under various operating conditions. The results of the work are described extremely accurately and informatively. The main theoretical and experimental results, actual data, discovered relationships and regularities are presented.

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