scholarly journals THE PROJECT «ICE SILK ROAD» WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE INITIATIVE «ONE BELT AND ONE ROAD» AS THE REALIZATION OF THE INTERESTS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE ARCTIC REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
Kristina M Mikhaylichenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article discusses the place and importance of the Arctic region and the Northern Sea Route on the geopolitical map of the world. The author defines the interests of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China in the Arctic, characterizes the project “Ice Silk Road” within the framework of the initiative “One Belt and One Road”, analyzes the existing Russian-Chinese cooperation and identifies the most promising areas of cooperation. The author comes to the conclusion about the global potential of the Arctic cooperation between the two countries.

scholarly journals The Northern Sea Route: The Need and Prospects for Transit of Raw Materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Aleksey Mikhailovich Khorev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Arctic Region

The prospects and problems of using the Northern sea route for transportation of raw materials are examined. The author makes an attempt to study the current state of the Northern sea route as the most important transport corridor of the Arctic region, and analyzes the existing problems that reduce the economic efficiency of cargo transit along the NSR. The ways to improve the efficiency of transportation of raw materials along the Northern sea route are reviewed. The author assesses the importance of the Arctic region for the Russian Federation as a whole, as well as he points out the need for its development in the near future.

scholarly journals THE POLAR SILK ROAD AS A SPHERE OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CHINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
A.L. Kolzina ◽  
A.A. Mindubaeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Eurasian Continent ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article analyzes the place and significance of the Arctic region and the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in Russian-Chinese relations. The forms of their interaction in the Arctic are determined by the example of the "Polar (Ice) silk road" (PSR). China identifies the Russian Federation as the key to the hidden riches of the Arctic subsurface, and the Russian Federation sees its Eastern neighbor as an investor with huge potential. The PSR is part of China's 2013 "One Belt, One Road" (OBOR) initiative. The NSR is considered in China as a competitive alternative to the New Silk Road on the territory of the Eurasian continent. The development of the Arctic transport corridor is based on the revival and modernization of the NSR for the Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and National Security up to 2020. The authors mention possible integration forms of the Russian and Chinese Arctic projects: including the NSR of the Russian Federation in the strategic plan OBOR; merging individual projects of the countries within the framework of both initiatives; establishing an agreement between representatives of the business segment on the development of the Arctic region; adapting projects to each other, without merging the NSR and PSR, by exchanging mutual concessions. The main conclusion: the Arctic partnership between Russia and China has a strategic potential.

scholarly journals Chinese geopolitical goals in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
I. S. Doroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
The World ◽  
The Silk Road ◽  
The Arctic Region

The People’s Republic of China is increasing its influence around the world every day. It’s hard not to notice the aggressive economic expansion being carried out by China in the Asian region. Chinese presence is felt in Africa, South America and even in Europe. By engaging in a trade war with the United States, China thereby challenged the most influential economy in the world, which is confirmed by its ambitions as a world leader. To meet these ambitions, a powerful transport and logistics support is necessary, which gave rise to the “Belts and Ways” initiative. The initiative “One Belt - One Road” combines two projects: “The Economic Belt of the Silk Road” and “The Sea Silk Road of the XXI Century”. This means that, in addition to the traditional land routes of the Silk Road, Beijing is exploring the sea routes along the African continent and in the Pacific Ocean. Since the initiative does not have a clear strategy, the northern routes that have recently become relevant are also considered by the Chinese authorities.The search for an alternative to the Suez Canal has repeatedly prompted researchers to use the Northern Sea Route as a trading artery linking Europe and Asia, but climatic conditions and technical capabilities did not allow this idea to be realized. The current situation in the Arctic region allows us to talk about new development prospects.China is actively interested in the Arctic: since 2013, it has an observer status in the Arctic Council, has been increasing its presence in the region by organizing scientific expeditions, building icebreakers, introducing its own brand “Northern Silk Road”, and also investing in projects like “Yamal LNG». China outlined its presence in the Arctic region in a white paper published in January 2018. One of the main goals that Beijing sets for itself is multilateral cooperation in the development of the Northern Sea Route.The author of the article analyzes the origins of such interest, as well as possible threats to Russia. The study also examines the position of European partners in the participation of the development of the SMP, bilateral relations with the Chinese side and the ratio of the strategy of the European Union, China and Russia in the High North. The author gives a geopolitical rationale for Chinese initiatives that are aimed at creating the conditions for intensive navigation in the northern areas.

NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE ARCTIC REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Anisimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article examines the main challenges to the national security of the Russian Federation in the Arctic region. In particular, the author analyzes the reasons for the behavioral patterns of Russia and the NATO countries in relation to the Arctic through the prism of a realistic paradigm in the theory of international relations. It is the comprehensive approach to the consideration of the Arctic situation that determines the novelty and relevance of the study. In connection with the discovery and development of large mineral deposits, the role of the Arctic region in modern world political processes has increased. Also, since the late 20th – early 21st century, the Arctic has been in the focus of increased attention of international actors due to its geopolitical importance. All this makes it a priority for Russia. The intensification of the economic activity of the Russian Federation in the Arctic, as well as the implementation of such projects as the Northern Sea Route, has become the cause of the growing tensions in the region. The United States and other NATO countries, whose geopolitical interests are affected, are not only strengthening their anti-Russian rhetoric, but also increasing their military presence. In turn, this is perceived by the Russian side as a strategic threat and leads to mirror measures, including the deployment of a military infrastructure and an increase in the number of military exercises. However, despite growing tensions in the Arctic, Russia has consistently demonstrated its readiness for open dialogue and cooperation with its Western partners.

THE ECONOMIC INTERESTS OF THE ARCTIC STATES AND SOME FEATURES OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Dmitrii L. Kondratovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article discusses aspects that determine the economic interests of the Arctic countries and affect the provision of economic growth and economic security of the Russian Federation. The author examines the current trends of economic activity in the Arctic, analyzes state strategies and other documents that determine the policy of states in the Arctic region. The purpose of this work was to study international economic aspects affecting the economic security of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were formulated: to study the Arctic strategies of the Arctic states; to structure the most important economic aspects affecting the economic security of the Russian Federation; to determine the basis for the development of cooperation and interaction between the Arctic states. The article concludes that despite the emerging problems and distrust between the Arctic states, there is an interest in building relationships based on respect for mutual interests and equal dialogue.

scholarly journals Technology for developing a prototype of an information system for monitoring remote sensing data for the arctic region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bizyukin ◽  
◽  
G. V. Abrahamyan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic Region

The work is aimed at developing a model of an information system for the analysis and monitoring of remote sensing data by the example of processing hyper- and multispectral satellite images, which are widely used to analyze the state of static and dynamic objects in the Arctic region of the Russian Federation. For automatic analysis and decryption of Arctic data in the development of the model, methods of high-performance computing, radiometric calibration, filtering and clustering of images, as well as intelligent data processing methods using deep learning convolutional neural networks were used. Object-oriented design and united modeling language notation were used to develop the model. A data-level model, a conceptual model of the structure of system modules, including a resource storage center, a resource and results management center, and a presentation-level interface have been developed. To develop a diagram of the use cases of the information system, the structure of actors, use cases and their interrelations were identified. The logical model of the information system was created based on a class diagram consisting of the Resource and Results Manager Center, Intellectual Information System, Functional Neural Modules packages. The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that the results obtained will allow the development of a prototype of an information system that can be used for effective monitoring of “useful data" of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation, as well as to automate the processes of analysis, updating, storage and processing of data from objects in various areas of the Arctic infrastructure.

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