Employment precarization as a factor of wages differentiation and social wellbeing

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
A. V. Kuchenkova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Part Time ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Employment conditions (form of labor relations, social security, (un)stability of wages, informal payments, etc.) are a key factor of the social-economic differentiation in the contemporary Russian society, which determines the need to clarify the relationship between the workers position in the labor market and ones earnings. There are many empirical assessments of wage losses for various types of non-standard employment (informal, temporary, part-time, casual, etc.); however, each type is just one manifestation of precarization (as non-guaranteed and unstable employment), which does not present this phenomenon in general. The author considers the relationship between precarization and wages. Based on the data of the all-Russian survey of the working population (2018), the author argues that not all but some features of precarization (lack of indefinite term employment agreement, sick leave and vacation pay) are associated with a lower salary; only a high level of precarization (three or more its features together) significantly reduces wages. Despite the fact that this relationship is partly mediated by the level of education of the employee, precarization still has an independent negative impact on wages. Groups of workers with a high and low level of precarization are heterogeneous in wages which can compensate for the disadvantages of the unstable and non-guaranteed employment situation. Thus, workers can be divided into four groups according to their employment precarization and salaries, which determine their social well-being. The unstable group with wages below average shows the lowest level of subjective well-being and social optimism both in life in general and in assessing the labor sphere. The unstable group with wages above the average declares a lower level of social well-being than the stable group with wages below the average, i.e., higher wages do not compensate for the negative consequences of precarious employment which worsens social well-being even provided wages above the average.

scholarly journals Partner Commitment in Close Relationships Mitigates Social Class Differences in Subjective Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinth Jia Xin Tan ◽  
Michael W. Kraus ◽  
Emily Impett ◽  
Dacher Keltner
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Relationship

Close relationships can be a source of positive subjective well-being for lower-class individuals, but stresses of lower-class environments tend to negatively impact those relationships. The present research demonstrates that a partner’s commitment in close relationships buffers against the negative impact of lower-class environments on relationships, mitigating social class differences in subjective well-being. In two samples of close relationship dyads, we found that when partners reported low commitment to the relationship, relatively lower-class individuals experienced poorer well-being than their upper-class counterparts, assessed as life satisfaction among romantic couples (Study 1) and negative affect linked to depression among ethnically diverse close friendships (Study 2). Conversely, when partners reported high commitment to the relationship, deficits in the well-being of lower-class relative to upper-class individuals were attenuated. Implications of these findings for upending the class divide in subjective well-being are discussed.

Changes in the labor market status during the COVID-19 pandemic and subjective well-being of Russians

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
N. E. Soboleva ◽  
B. O. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Market Status ◽  
High Level

This paper investigates the association between changes in the labor market status and subjective well-being of Russians during the COVID-19 pandemic. The materials of the first stage of the international project “Values in crisis” form the empirical dataset. Regression analysis shows that individuals who lost their jobs or closed their business during the initial period of the pandemic are somewhat less satisfied with their lives than those who did not. Being reduced to part-time work and working from home are not directly related to subjective well-being. At the same time, the strength of the association between subjective well-being and possible changes of the labor market status depends on such factors as the presence of children, as well as the value of self-enhancement (according to Schwartz) and conscientiousness (one of the Big Five personality traits). The job or business loss is associated with a decrease in subjective well-being among respondents without children; this association is not observed among those with children. In addition, the negative relationship between life satisfaction and job or business loss is stronger among individuals with high level of self-enhancement and weaker among those with high level of conscientiousness. Among respondents who had to switch to part-time or remote work, having children reduces the level of subjective well-being; among those without such experience, it is positively associated with subjective well-being.

Optimism and dispositional hope to promote college students’ subjective well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Emel Genç ◽  
Gökmen Arslan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Coronavirus stress with the restrictions and unexpected life changes has affected individuals and their satisfaction with life. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of optimism and hope on the relationship between coronavirus stress and subjective wellbeing among young adults in Turkey. A sample of 331 (M= 20.86 and 64% females) college students participated in this study. The results demonstrated that coronavirus stress was negatively associated with the college students’ sense of hope and optimism. Moreover, coronavirus stress had an indirect effect on subjective well-being through optimism and hope. Optimism and hope mitigated the adverse impacts of stress on well-being during the pandemic. These results indicated that young adults with a high level of stress due to coronavirus have lower optimism and hope, which in turn have less subjective well-being. The study findings hence highlight that being hopeful and optimistic are the potential resources to explain how coronavirus stress is related to subjective well-being.

How Subjective Well-Being Affects Emotional Processing: the Role of Event-related Potentials

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1285-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Ming Yu ◽  
Biao Li
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Priming Condition ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Using the emotion-priming paradigm, we examined the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between subjective well-being (SWB) and the processing of emotional stimuli by recording event-related potentials relevant to emotion probe words. The positive words were classified faster and more accurately by both low- and high-level SWB (very happy and not very happy) groups. Late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes elicited by emotional words were compared with words elicited in the neutral priming condition, and we found LPPs significantly reduced under the fear-inducing priming condition. This priming effect was more prominent in the group of participants who were not very happy, showing that, compared to the very happy group, these participants were more sensitive and subject to the influence of external stimuli (particularly negative emotional stimuli). The findings provide electrophysiological evidence for the relationship between SWB and emotion processing.

scholarly journals The Negative Effect of Job Insecurity in the Virtuous Cycle Between Trust in the Organization, Subjective Well-Being, and Task Performance in the Current Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Živilė Stankevičiūtė ◽  
M. Isabel Sanchez-Hernandez ◽  
Eglė Staniškienė
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Task

Over the past decade, job insecurity referring to the employees’ perceived threat to the continuity and stability of employment as it is currently experienced has become a hot topic. A general assumption, supported by the findings, is that job insecurity causes far-reaching negative consequences for the employee health and well-being, attitudes toward organization and the job, and behaviors at work. However, the focus on behavioral outcomes, especially on employee performance at work, is still scant. Moreover, the literature remains fragmented concerning the impact of job insecurity on employee trust in the organization and how the trust influences employee subjective well-being (SWB), which in turn affects employee performance. Consequently, the link between job insecurity and SWB needs more investigation. Trying to narrow the gap, the paper aims at revealing the linkage between job insecurity, trust in the organization, SWB, and task performance. Quantitative data were collected in Lithuania. As predicted, the results revealed that job insecurity had a negative impact on trust in the organization and employee SWB. In case of linkage between job insecurity and task performance, the hypothesis was rejected. In general, these findings affirmed that job insecurity was a hindrance stressor, which needed to be considered when managing human resources in the current volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity context.

scholarly journals Research on the Relationship between Self Concept and Subjective Well- being of Normal University Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Lian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Normal University ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

In order to get a deep understanding of the relationship between self concept and subjective well being of normal university students, improve the level of normal university students’ subjective well being, strengthen the normal university students’ education and training, this paper adopted the Tennessee self concept scale and Index of well being sc ale to test a random sample of 234 students in China West normal university. The results showed that normal university students have a clear self concept and are at a high level of subjective well being. In addition to self criticism, normal university stu dents’ various dimensions of self concept and subjective well being were significantly positively correlated. The psychological self, self identity and moral self factor included in Normal university students’ self concept have significant regression effec t with subjective well being.

Changes in the labor market status during the COVID-19 pandemic and subjective well-being of Russians

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-153
Author(s):  
N. E. Soboleva ◽  
B. O. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Market Status ◽  
High Level

This paper investigates the association between changes in the labor market status and subjective well-being of Russians during the COVID-19 pandemic. The materials of the first stage of the international project “Values in crisis” form the empirical dataset. Regression analysis shows that individuals who lost their jobs or closed their business during the initial period of the pandemic are somewhat less satisfied with their lives than those who did not. Being reduced to part-time work and working from home are not directly related to subjective well-being. At the same time, the strength of the association between subjective well-being and possible changes of the labor market status depends on such factors as the presence of children, as well as the value of self-enhancement (according to Schwartz) and conscientiousness (one of the Big Five personality traits). The job or business loss is associated with a decrease in subjective well-being among respondents without children; this association is not observed among those with children. In addition, the negative relationship between life satisfaction and job or business loss is stronger among individuals with high level of self-enhancement and weaker among those with high level of conscientiousness. Among respondents who had to switch to part-time or remote work, having children reduces the level of subjective well-being; among those without such experience, it is positively associated with subjective well-being.

The Relationship between Meaning in life, Smartphone addiction and Well-being: An Investigation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rageshawari Munderia ◽  
Rajbala Singh
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
The Relationship

The integration of smartphone in daily life has provided plethora of opportunity for constant social communication, information and entertainment. Unfortunately, this has also resulted in increased addiction for smartphone. There is dearth of research addressing the association between smartphone addiction with important psycho-social dimensions. Thus, in this context the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between meaning in life, smartphone addiction and both types of well-being (subjective well-being & psychological well-being). Secondly, the study explored the mediational role of smartphone addiction between meaning in life and well-being. The data was collected from five hundred nine (n=509) adult participants. Findings of the study revealed that (i) dimensions of meaning in life were significantly associated with smartphone addiction (ii) efficacy was negatively associated with smartphone addiction whereas personal & social involvement, and traditional value were positively associated with smartphone addiction (iii) smartphone addiction was negatively associated with psychological well-being but not with subjective well-being (iv) smartphone addiction mediated the relationship between meaning in life (value & self-worth) and psychological well-being. Results of the present study may imply that enhancing efficacy might help in mitigate negative consequences associated with smartphone addiction. The findings of the study also provide indications for future research to explore the relationship between smartphone addiction and psycho-social variables in an in-depth manner.

scholarly journals The relationship between life-domain interactions and the well-being of internationally mobile employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Ballesteros-Leiva ◽  
Gwénaëlle Poilpot-Rocaboy ◽  
Sylvie St-Onge
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Domain ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Interactions ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relations between the life-domain interactions (i.e. interactions between the personal and professional lives) of internationally mobile employees (IMEs) and their well-being and to examine whether these links are different for assigned expatriates (AEs) and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data were collected from 284 IMEs including 182 SIEs, and 102 AEs. Two measures of IMEs’ well-being were used: subjective, namely satisfaction with life, and psychological well-being (PWB), which refers to self-acceptance, personal growth, and reaching for life goals. Life-domain interactions were measured from a conflict and an enrichment perspective, each in two directions: Work Life → Personal Life (WL → PL) and Personal Life → Work Life (PL → WL). Findings Regression analyses confirm that IMEs’ life-domain conflicts (WL → PL and PL → WL) have an adverse impact on their subjective and PWB, IMEs’ life-domain enrichments account for their subjective well-being over and above what is explained by their life-domain conflicts, the relationship between WL → PL conflicts and subjective well-being is more negative among SIEs than among AEs. Practical implications This study underscores the need for both employers and IMEs to take action not only to reduce conflicts but also to promote enrichments between their personal and their professional lives. It is of particular importance to reduce the WL → PL conflict of SIEs, often left to fend for themselves, because it has a significant negative impact on their subjective well-being. Originality/value This study innovates in using conservation of resources theory and recent theoretical work linking this theory with the interplay between personal and professional lives to understanding SIEs’ and AEs’ well-being.

scholarly journals Can Labor Make Women Happier?The Relationship Between Labor Time, Cross-generational Care and Women’s Subjective Well-being——A Research Based on CFPS (2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Guangyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Labor Time ◽  
Family Culture ◽  
The Relationship

Marxism women-theory advocates women to achieve gender equality and liberation through employment. But due to the influence of culture，if the promotion of female employment, women may face the dual pressure of housework and work, that is, the promotion of female employment may deviate from the ruling effect of people’s happiness. This study aims to explore the relationship between labor time, cross-generational care and women’s subjective well-being by using the data of CFPS (2016). Findings are as follow. Firstly, the time spent on housework differs between men and women, and the burden of housework still falls on women. Secondly, women’s employment reduces women’s subjective well-being to a certain extent, but this effect turns into a positive one under the moderating effect of cross-generational care. China’s family culture weakens the negative impact of the increase in working hours of women to a certain extent.

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