scholarly journals Mechanica finalis and Raymond Ruyer’s Philosophy of Neofinalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-184
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Daniel Dennett ◽  
Final Cause ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Meta Level ◽  
Mental Entity ◽  
Gilbert Simondon

The article discusses Raymond Ruyer’s philosophy of neofinalism, which offers an original reading of the theory of final cause consistent with the data of the natural sciences. In contrast to the classical version of causa finalis, neofinalism accentuates not the object in its finished form, but rather the goal-oriented process of searching for the forms of its realization. Final cause opens out as unsubjected consciousness that is realized as qualitative evaluation which influences the object’s behavior. Ruyer calls this primary consciousness an “absolute survey” or external contour of consciousness. Its secondary version is an internal contour or the consciousness of intentional objects. The finalist process is realized through a mechanical consequence, and the result of finalism is a being, while the result of the mechanics is an aggregate. Mechanics and finality converge at the meta-level in the operations of trans-spatial and trans-subjective forms that assemble the structural solutions for local processes. Consciousness ceases to be “conscious about something” and on the contrary, becomes “something” itself, a thing that in precritical philosophy would have called a “mental entity.” Ruyer’s works exerted great influence on Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy and fit into the ongoing tradition of exegesis of the multiple and complex nature of reality alongside the oeuvre of Gabriel Tarde, Alfred North Whitehead, Henri Bergson and Gilbert Simondon. Ruyer proposed and developed such terms in Deleuze’s vocabulary as molar and molecular, assemblage, virtuality, transversality, trans-individuality and trans-spatiality. The article provides an outline of Ruyer’s writings and gives an account of his main work Neofinalism together with commentaries and comparisons with the views of Plato, Bergson, Simondon, Deleuze, Felix Guattari, Daniel Dennett and Antonio Damasio.

Flows of Inhomogeneous Matter: Improvising an augmented violin

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
Seth Dominicus Thorn
Keyword(s):  
Digital Signal ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Action And Perception ◽  
Latent Potential ◽  
Synergistic Relationships ◽  
Gilbert Simondon ◽  
Mode Of Production

This article reflects on how personal digital musical instruments evolve and presents an augmented violin developed and performed by the author in improvised performance as an example. Informed by the materialism of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, an image of ‘flows of inhomogeneous matter’ provokes reflection on a mode of production common to artisanal craftmanship and digital lutherie alike, namely the pre-reflective skilfulness negotiating the singularities of inhomogeneous matter with the demands of the production – a process which itself may be thought of as im-pro-visation (‘un-fore-seen’). According to Gilbert Simondon, all technical objects develop in this way: functional interdependency emerges when abstractly ideated elements begin to enter into unanticipated synergistic relationships, suggesting a material logic dependent on unforeseen potentialities. The historical development of the acoustic violin exemplifies such an evolution, with, like all technical objects, additional latent potential. Digital artists can work like artisanal craftsmen in tinkering with technical elements, teasing out their synergies through abductive, trial-and-error experimentation. In the context of developing digital musical instruments, model-free design of real-time digital signal processing symmetrising action and perception yields highly refined results. Like musical improvisation – constrained by time – improvised development of these instruments turns the material obstacles into their very means of realisation.

L’improvisation comme processus d’individuation

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Bethune
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Gilbert Simondon

L’attitude philosophique se caractérise par la promotion de l’herméneutique. En effet, avec l’irruption de la philosophie, le sens se conçoit comme une réalité autonome ; au nom de cette autonomie, la pensée occidentale va privilégier l’interprétation au détriment de l’action. Or, si l’improvisation fait problème, c’est qu’elle remet en cause, par sa pratique, la pertinence de cette disjonction, objet pourtant d’un large consensus. Dès lors c’est la genèse du sujet (ou processus d’individuation) qui doit être reconsidérée. Dans la mesure où les « théories de l’art » ont emboîté le pas à la philosophie, ce sont les concepts clés de l’esthétique (œuvre, auteur, création, contemplation etc.) que la pratique de l’improvisation et –singulièrement de l’improvisation jazzistique – vient remettre en cause. Il ne s’agit donc pas de repositionner l’improvisation dans la perspective traditionnelle de l’esthétique, mais plutôt de montrer l’inadéquation des catégories de l’esthétique à comprendre l’improvisation. Dans ce travail critique la philosophie de l’individuation proposée par Gilbert Simondon et sa réinterprétation telle qu’elle nous est proposée par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari constituent des outils privilégiés.

Three Dimensional Animation Design and Production Based on Computer Graphics

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 1767-1770
Author(s):  
Ya Dong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Scene Design ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Post Production ◽  
Role Design ◽  
Design And Production

This paper presents the design and production of 3D animation based on computer graphics. The main work includes the animated scene design, role design and the post production using computer software. Design software tools are Autodesk Maya and Adobe EffectsCS4. Scene design and role design are very important parts of the animation form. The good scene and role design can improve the animation level and effect; make the animation and rendering a fuller picture. In addition, rich post production can promote the additional value of animation works, has a great influence on the final result of the whole works of taste and art.

scholarly journals Projects of Organizing and Reforming Orthodox Missions in Tobolsk North in 19th — Early 20th Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 454-472
Author(s):  
V. V. Tsys ◽  
O. P. Tsys
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
Subjective Factor ◽  
Systematic Training

The projects for the creation and reform of the Orthodox anti-pagan missions of the Tobolsk North in the 19th — early 20th centuries are discussed in the article. It is noted that the secular and spiritual authorities considered the Christianization of the indigenous population of the region as a mechanism for integration into the space of Russian civilization in the socio-cultural, administrative and economic spheres. It is concluded that many proposals for improving the work of missions were of a complex nature and involved a series of different, in general, very effective measures, such as centralizing the management of missionary affairs, in-creasing the status of the head of the mission, organizing systematic training of Ob Ugric and Samoyed children in schools, expanding the scope of mission by organizing new camps, increasing funding, attracting the most prepared representatives of the black and white clergy to the preaching of the “word of God”, as well as the bourgeois, Cossacks, and Zyryans living in the north. However, it was not possible to bridge the distance between the understanding of the mechanisms for solving the tasks facing the missions and their practical implementation. The lack of systematicity in work, the great influence of the subjective factor associated with the position of individual diocesan bishops, the unresolved personnel issue, hindered the establishment of the activities of Orthodox missions.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE SUBJECTIVE FACTOR ON THE STABILITY OF UKRAINIAN BANKING SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
pp. 178-195
Author(s):  
Nataliia Pogorelenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Subjective Factor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Multifactor Regression ◽  
Financial Result

Introduction. Proceeding from the axiomatic nature of the assertion that the system is stable only if both central bank and second-level banks are stable, the article focuses on the nature and connection between the general financial stability indicator (financial result) and particular banking groups: systemic (at the moment consists only of the state banks), banks with foreign capital and other banks. This choice has an objective precondition, taking into consideration the difficulty in implementation of the author's approach because of the need to use a correct sample for calculations on one hand, and frequent methodological changes in statistical sources, on the other hand. The obvious fact is that each of these banking groups has not only certain features of its own activities in the banking services market but also indirectly or even directly influences the functioning of the entire banking sector in Ukraine. Purpose. The article aims to assess the qualitative impact of individual quantitative factors on the key indicator of the efficiency of banking institutions which is net profit (or loss), at the level of individual groups, as well as on the system as a whole. Method (methodology). We build multifactor regression models to determine the dependency between net profit (loss) and various quantitative parameters that describe a particular banking group as well as banking system as a whole. Results. The results of the research have clearly shown which of the factors can influence the financial outcome for outlined banking groups. We have also discovered additional quantitative factors of influence on the banking sector profit. These factors were not included into any of the models on the group level. This result vividly confirms the initial thesis about the complex nature of connection between quantitative factors of distinct banking groups and endpoint financial result of the banking system. It demands a deeper qualitative evaluation of efficiency of its functioning both on micro- and macroeconomic level.

scholarly journals Consumo, estética, técnica e religião em Cloaca, de Wim Delvoye

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (47) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Icaro Ferraz Vidal Junior
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Gilbert Simondon

Cloaca (2000-2010), de Wim Delvoye, consiste em um conjunto de máquinas desenvolvidas para produzir “merda real industrializada” em museus e galerias de arte. Após descrição sumária da série, desdobramos nossa análise em três eixos: o primeiro baseado na  articulação psicanalítica entre merda e dinheiro; o segundo na diferenciação formulada geneticamente por Gilbert Simondon (1989) entre estética, técnica e religião; e o terceiro no conceito de máquina, formulado por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari (1972). Por fim, comparamos Cloaca e Anal Kisses (2011), projeto do mesmo artista, e buscamos identificar alguns vetores culturais que incidiram na recepção desigual dos dois projetos.

scholarly journals Shattering the black box: Technicities of architectural manipulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
Stavros Kousoulas
Keyword(s):  
Gilles Deleuze ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Gilbert Simondon ◽  
The Way

This article attempts to reverse a fallacy often met in architectural theories and practices: that of a supposed input which through processes of what one can broadly call translations generates a built output. The input–output fallacy produces an architectural black box that treats both architectural thinking and doing as a mere process of projecting, representing and annotating ‘properly’ what will later be executed. On the contrary, a manipulative account of architecture as an active process of ecological engineering will pave the way for not only reversing the fallacy but also towards a particular understanding of architectural practices: architectural technicities and their reticular, affective potentials. Drawing on the theories of Gilbert Simondon, André Leroi-Gourhan, Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, I will examine how architecture can be genealogically approached as a reticular technicity which evolves by a reciprocal concretisation of its technical objects and a generalisation of its active practitioners: no longer the application of transcendental design rules, of symbolic deductions or statistical inductions but rather abductive heuristics of affective techniques; no input nor output but practices of sensorial amplification via material manipulation and vice versa.

Phase separation in sol gel-derived ceramic films of silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, and titania-zirconia system

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 646-647
Author(s):  
J. Tong ◽  
L. Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Separation Method ◽  
Toughening Mechanism ◽  
Ceramic Films ◽  
Zirconia Toughened Alumina

There is increasing interest in composites containing zirconia because of their high strength, fracture toughness, and its great influence on the chemical durability in glass. For the zirconia-silica system, monolithic glasses, fibers and coatings have been obtained. There is currently a great interest in designing zirconia-toughened alumina including exploration of the processing methods and the toughening mechanism.The possibility of forming nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method has been investigated in three systems: zirconia-alumina, zirconia-silica and zirconia-titania using HREM. The morphological observations initially suggest that the formation of nanocrystal composites by a phase separation method is possible in the zirconia-alumina and zirconia-silica systems, but impossible in the zirconia-titania system. The separation-produced grain size in silica-zirconia system is around 5 nm and is more uniform than that in the alumina-zirconia system in which the sizes of the small polyhedron grains are around 10 nm. In the titania-zirconia system, there is no obvious separation as was observed in die alumina-zirconia and silica-zirconia system.

Three-Dimensional reconstruction of isolated centrosomes by automated electron tomography

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 310-311
Author(s):  
M.B. Braunfeld ◽  
M. Moritz ◽  
B.M. Alberts ◽  
J.W. Sedat ◽  
D.A. Agard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Microtubule Organizing Center ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Organizing Center ◽  
Resolution Model

In animal cells, the centrosome functions as the primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC). As such the centrosome plays a vital role in determining a cell's shape, migration, and perhaps most importantly, its division. Despite the obvious importance of this organelle little is known about centrosomal regulation, duplication, or how it nucleates microtubules. Furthermore, no high resolution model for centrosomal structure exists.We have used automated electron tomography, and reconstruction techniques in an attempt to better understand the complex nature of the centrosome. Additionally we hope to identify nucleation sites for microtubule growth.Centrosomes were isolated from early Drosophila embryos. Briefly, after large organelles and debris from homogenized embryos were pelleted, the resulting supernatant was separated on a sucrose velocity gradient. Fractions were collected and assayed for centrosome-mediated microtubule -nucleating activity by incubating with fluorescently-labeled tubulin subunits. The resulting microtubule asters were then spun onto coverslips and viewed by fluorescence microscopy.

Review of Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.).

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1113-1113
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation
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