Manure addition influences the effect of tillage on soil aggregation and aggregate associated carbon in a Vertisol of central India

Aim: To study the combined effect of tillage and manure addition on bulk soil and aggregate associated carbon and nitrogen in Vertisol. Methodology: The study was conducted in a long-term tillage experiment having two tillage treatments (reduced tillage and no-tillage) together with100% NPK fertilizer without (T1) and with addition of farm yard manure (T2) @ 2.0 ton C ha-1 to soybean in a soybean-wheat cropping system in a Vertisol of Central India, with three replicates in a split plot design. The parameters studied were aggregate size distribution, mean weight diameter, water stable aggregates, bulk soil and aggregate associated organic carbon, available nitrogen and rate of carbon mineralization. Results: The results indicated significantly higher SOC in reduced tillage (0.87%) than no-tillage (0.71%) under100% NPK fertilization in the bulk soil for 0-15 cm depth. However, 100% NPK + FYM showed a significant increase in the bulk soil organic carbon in the no-tillage treatment only. Available nitrogen content in the bulk soil and aggregate fractions were significantly lower under no-tillage than the corresponding reduced tillage treatments. Manure addition led to significantly higher available N content and proportion of WSA in both the tillage practices. The carbon mineralization was significantly higher by 1.4 to 1.6 times under reduced tillage than no-tillage. Interpretation: Long-term tillage study in Vertisol of Central India indicated reduced tillage to be a better option than no-tillage in maintaining organic carbon and nitrogen availability in soil.

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Long-term effect of no-tillage on soil organic carbon and nitrogen in an irrigated rice-based cropping system

Paddy and Water Environment ◽

10.1007/s10333-015-0506-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 367-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Min Huang ◽

Xuefeng Zhou ◽

Fangbo Cao ◽

Yingbin Zou

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Cropping System ◽

Term Effect ◽

No Tillage ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Long Term Effect

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Long-Term Nitrogen Addition Decreases Soil Carbon Mineralization in an N-Rich Primary Tropical Forest

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12060734 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 734

Author(s):

Xiankai Lu ◽

Qinggong Mao ◽

Zhuohang Wang ◽

Taiki Mori ◽

Jiangming Mo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Tropical Forest ◽

Soil Carbon ◽

Tropical Forests ◽

Carbon Mineralization ◽

N Deposition ◽

Soil Carbon Mineralization ◽

N Additions

Anthropogenic elevated nitrogen (N) deposition has an accelerated terrestrial N cycle, shaping soil carbon dynamics and storage through altering soil organic carbon mineralization processes. However, it remains unclear how long-term high N deposition affects soil carbon mineralization in tropical forests. To address this question, we established a long-term N deposition experiment in an N-rich lowland tropical forest of Southern China with N additions such as NH4NO3 of 0 (Control), 50 (Low-N), 100 (Medium-N) and 150 (High-N) kg N ha−1 yr−1, and laboratory incubation experiment, used to explore the response of soil carbon mineralization to the N additions therein. The results showed that 15 years of N additions significantly decreased soil carbon mineralization rates. During the incubation period from the 14th day to 56th day, the average decreases in soil CO2 emission rates were 18%, 33% and 47% in the low-N, medium-N and high-N treatments, respectively, compared with the Control. These negative effects were primarily aroused by the reduced soil microbial biomass and modified microbial functions (e.g., a decrease in bacteria relative abundance), which could be attributed to N-addition-induced soil acidification and potential phosphorus limitation in this forest. We further found that N additions greatly increased soil-dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and there were significantly negative relationships between microbial biomass and soil DOC, indicating that microbial consumption on soil-soluble carbon pool may decrease. These results suggests that long-term N deposition can increase soil carbon stability and benefit carbon sequestration through decreased carbon mineralization in N-rich tropical forests. This study can help us understand how microbes control soil carbon cycling and carbon sink in the tropics under both elevated N deposition and carbon dioxide in the future.

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Effects of Management and Hillside Position on Soil Organic Carbon Stratification in Mediterranean Centenary Olive Grove

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040650 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 650

Author(s):

Jesús Aguilera-Huertas ◽

Beatriz Lozano-García ◽

Manuel González-Rosado ◽

Luis Parras-Alcántara

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Quality ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Management ◽

Olive Grove ◽

No Tillage ◽

Short Term ◽

Degradation Degree

The short- and medium—long-term effects of management and hillside position on soil organic carbon (SOC) changes were studied in a centenary Mediterranean rainfed olive grove. One way to measure these changes is to analyze the soil quality, as it assesses soil degradation degree and attempts to identify management practices for sustainable soil use. In this context, the SOC stratification index (SR-COS) is one of the best indicators of soil quality to assess the degradation degree from SOC content without analyzing other soil properties. The SR-SOC was calculated in soil profiles (horizon-by-horizon) to identify the best soil management practices for sustainable use. The following time periods and soil management combinations were tested: (i) in the medium‒long-term (17 years) from conventional tillage (CT) to no-tillage (NT), (ii) in the short-term (2 years) from CT to no-tillage with cover crops (NT-CC), and (iii) the effect in the short-term (from CT to NT-CC) of different topographic positions along a hillside. The results indicate that the SR-SOC increased with depth for all management practices. The SR-SOC ranged from 1.21 to 1.73 in CT0, from 1.48 to 3.01 in CT1, from 1.15 to 2.48 in CT2, from 1.22 to 2.39 in NT-CC and from 0.98 to 4.16 in NT; therefore, the soil quality from the SR-SOC index was not directly linked to the increase or loss of SOC along the soil profile. This demonstrates the time-variability of SR-SOC and that NT improves soil quality in the long-term.

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Tillage in Relation to Distribution of Nutrients and Organic Carbon in the Soil

Agriculture (Pol nohospodárstvo) ◽

10.2478/v10207-011-0003-2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 21-30

Author(s):

Božena Šoltysová ◽

Martin Danilovič

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Spring Barley ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

No Tillage ◽

The Difference

Tillage in Relation to Distribution of Nutrients and Organic Carbon in the SoilChanges of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and soil organic carbon were observed on gleyic Fluvisols (locality Milhostov) at the following crops: grain maize (2005), spring barley (2006), winter wheat (2007), soya (2008), grain maize (2009). The experiment was realized at three soil tillage technologies: conventional tillage, reduced tillage and no-tillage. Soil samples were collected from three depths (0-0.15 m; 0.15-0.30 m; 0.30-0.45 m). The ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen was also calculated.Soil tillage affects significantly the content of total nitrogen in soil. The difference between the convetional tillage and soil protective tillages was significant. The balance showed that the content of total nitrogen decreased at reduced tillage by 5.2 rel.%, at no-tillage by 5.1 rel.% and at conventional tillage by 0.7 rel.%.Similarly, the content of organic matter in the soil was significantly affected by soil tillage. The content of soil organic carbon found at the end of the research period was lower by 4.1 rel.% at reduced tillage, by 4.8 rel.% at no-tillage and by 4.9 rel.% at conventional tillage compared with initial stage. The difference between the convetional tillage and soil protective tillages was significant.Less significant relationship was found between the soil tillage and the content of available phosphorus. The balance showed that the content of available phosphorus was increased at reduced tillage (by 4.1 rel.%) and was decreased at no-tillage (by 9.5 rel.%) and at conventional tillage (by 3.3 rel.%).Tillage did not significantly affect the content of available potassium in the soil.

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Soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and fractions in a long-term integrated crop–livestock system under no-tillage in southern Brazil

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ◽

10.1016/j.agee.2013.12.003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 190 ◽

pp. 52-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Joice Mari Assmann ◽

Ibanor Anghinoni ◽

Amanda Posselt Martins ◽

Sérgio Ely Valadão Gigante de Andra Costa ◽

Diego Cecagno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Carbon ◽

No Tillage ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Soil Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Stocks ◽

Livestock System

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Soil chemical and biological properties affected by 21-year application of composted manure with chemical fertilizers in a Chinese Mollisol

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2010-046 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 419-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

X. H. Li ◽

X. Z. Han ◽

H. B. Li ◽

C. Song ◽

J. Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Chemical Fertilizers ◽

Total N ◽

Available N

Li, X. H., Han, X. Z., Li, H. B., Song, C., Yan, J. and Liang, Y. 2012. Soil chemical and biological properties affected by 21-year application of composted manure with chemical fertilizers in a Chinese Mollisol. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 419–428. The effects of 21-yr of application of chemical fertilizers, composted pig manure (CPM) alone, and chemical fertilizers combined with compost on soil chemical and biological properties were investigated. Soil samples (0–20cm) were collected from a long-term fertilization experiment under corn (Zea mays L.) production in 2006, prior to seeding, at the corn tasseling stage and following harvest. Fertilizer treatments were: no fertilizer (CK), nitrogen fertilizer alone (N), N + phosphorus (NP), N + P + potassium (NPK), CPM, N + CPM, N + P + CPM (NP + CPM), and N + P + K + CPM (NPK + CPM). Long-term application of N alone resulted in a reduction of soil pH by 0.38 units and reduced the available P concentration compared with CK. An increase in soil pH was seen with CPM alone and NPK + CPM. Both fertilizers sources, singly and combined, increased the total N and available N concentrations. Total P and total K concentrations were greatest with the NPK + CPM treatment. All fertilizer treatments increased the soil organic carbon (SOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) concentrations significantly (P < 0.05) at the tasseling stage. The NPK + CPM treatment showed the greatest increase in SOC (12%), LFOC (78%) and MBC (44%) concentrations, compared with CK. Soil enzyme activities (invertase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatases) tended to be greater at tasseling than other sampling dates, with highest enzyme activities in the NPK + CPM treatments. These findings suggest that a long-term application of CPM combined with NPK is an efficient strategy to maintain or increase soil quality in Mollisols for sustainable agriculture.

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