scholarly journals Temporaliteten i en generation – Illustreret gennem alkoholdata

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-29
Author(s):  
Stefan B. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Final Group

Temporaliteten i en generation – Illustreret gennem alkoholdata Artiklen introducerer sekvensanalysen som supplement til de økonometriske modeller til at give sociologiske forklaringer af sociale hændelsesforløb. Ved at tage udgangspunkt i et begreb om ”temporalitet” viser artiklen, hvorledes tid opfattes forskelligt alt efter individets historie og position i samfundet. Som empirisk eksempel benyttes et datasæt fra YODA projektet om unges forbrug af alkohol. På baggrund af sekvensanalysen demonstrerer artiklen, hvorledes en generation af unge har forskellige tidsopfattelser af ugens syv dage i forbindelse med alkoholforbrug. Resultatet viser fem forskellige tidslige drikkemønstre, som er betinget af forskellig sociokulturel baggrund. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Stefan B. Andrade: ”Temporality” within a Generation of Adolescents Illustrated by Alcohol Data The article introduces sequence analysis to provide sociological explanations of social events as a supplement to econometric models. The theoretical basis is the concept of ”temporality” in which time is perceived differently by individuals depending on the individual’s history and position in society. Optimal matching algorithms of sequence analysis are applied to a data set from a project on alcohol consumption among youth (YODA). The analysis demonstrates that young people in one generation have different perceptions of the seven days of the week in relation to alcohol consumption. The results reveal five different temporal drinking patterns, which are subject to different socio-cultural backgrounds. The mainstream model (over half of the respondents) consists of youth who don’t drink until Saturday, but can drink over six alcoholic beverages. The second group (and second largest group, over one fourth of the population) drinks more than the first type and drinks on Thursday, Friday and Saturday. The third group (and smallest, about 3%) doesn’t drink at all. The fourth group (about 10 %) drinks less than type 2 but drinks more days of the week. The final group (8 %) drinks all week, but especially on the weekends. Key words: Time, temporality, sequence analysis, quantitative methodology, adolescents, alcohol.

The Earliest Toasts

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Guerra-Doce
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Religious Factors ◽  
Archaeological Perspective

The taste for alcohol is not exclusive to humans, as some other animal species are attracted to ripe fruits and nectar due to the natural occurrence of ethanol. However, what makes Homo sapiens different is their capacity to produce alcoholic beverages. From the Neolithic, if not earlier, the production of alcoholic drinks is documented, and this production ensured the supply of alcohol. Consequently, alcohol consumption was no longer sporadic and occasional. This process ran in parallel to the development of specific alcohol-related equipment, and organized drinking patterns gradually became more and more formalized. Its use has depended not only on its effects, mainly its capacity to enhance sociability, but also on historical, economic, and religious factors. The aim of this chapter is to search for the origins of this dynamic in prehistoric Europe from an archaeological perspective in order to explore the foundations of the cultural construction of alcohol.

scholarly journals Do emotions related to alcohol consumption differ by alcohol type? An international cross-sectional survey of emotions associated with alcohol consumption and influence on drink choice in different settings

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Ashton ◽  
Mark A Bellis ◽  
Alisha R Davies ◽  
Karen Hughes ◽  
Adam Winstock
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Alcohol Dependency ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive And Negative Emotions

ObjectivesTo examine the emotions associated with drinking different types of alcohol, explore whether these emotions differ by sociodemographics and alcohol dependency and whether the emotions associated with different drink types influence people’s choice of drinks in different settings.DesignInternational cross-sectional opportunistic survey (Global Drug Survey) using an online anonymous questionnaire in 11 languages promoted through newspapers, magazines and social media from November 2015 to January 2016.Study populationIndividuals aged 18–34 years who reported consumption of beer, spirits, red and white wine in the previous 12 months and were resident in countries with more than 200 respondents (n=21 countries; 29 836 respondents).Main outcome measuresPositive and negative emotions associated with consumption of different alcoholic beverages (energised, relaxed, sexy, confident, tired, aggressive, ill, restless and tearful) over the past 12 months in different settings.ResultsAlcoholic beverages vary in the types of emotions individuals report they elicit, with spirits more frequently eliciting emotional changes of all types. Overall 29.8% of respondents reported feeling aggressive when drinking spirits, compared with only 7.1% when drinking red wine (p<0.001). Women more frequently reported feeling all emotions when drinking alcohol, apart from feelings of aggression. Respondents’ level of alcohol dependency was strongly associated with feeling all emotions, with the likelihood of aggression being significantly higher in possible dependent versus low risk drinkers (adjusted OR 6.4; 95% CI 5.79 to 7.09; p<0.001). The odds of feeling the majority of positive and negative emotions also remained highest among dependent drinkers irrespective of setting.ConclusionUnderstanding emotions associated with alcohol consumption is imperative to addressing alcohol misuse, providing insight into what emotions influence drink choice between different groups in the population. The differences identified between sociodemographic groups and influences on drink choice within different settings will aid future public health practice to further comprehend individuals’ drinking patterns and influence behaviour change.

scholarly journals Dietary and lifestyle habits of drinkers with preference for alcoholic beverage: does it really matter for public health? A review of the evidence

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rena I. Kosti ◽  
Chiara Di Lorenzo ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
George Sandeman ◽  
Nadia Frittella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Lifestyle Habits ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Although the detrimental effects of heavy drinking in terms of health are well-documented in the literature, there are inconsistent findings regarding the safety of light-to-moderate alcohol consumption. In particular, little is still known about the consumption of specific alcoholic beverages in combination with dietary habits and lifestyle, which in turn could influence health status. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise and critically evaluate the evidence of a relationship between preference for alcoholic beverages and consumer dietary and lifestyle habits. A literature search retrieved 3,887 articles. By removing duplicates and articles which were not relevant, the final number of articles was 26. The adherence to a healthier diet and lifestyle was generally observed in light-to-moderate alcohol consumers, especially when wine was the preferred beverage. Considering the potentially strong impact of drinking patterns on health and the risk of developing chronic diseases, the data summarised in this review highlight that alcoholic beverage preferences, drinking patterns, dietary patterns and lifestyle should be studied together. Any future epidemiological studies should analyse the relationship between alcohol consumption and the abovementioned correlations with respect to impact on health.

Moderate alcohol consumption and the immune system: A review

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (S1) ◽  
pp. S111-S115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Romeo ◽  
Julia Wärnberg ◽  
Esther Nova ◽  
Ligia E. Díaz ◽  
Sonia Gómez-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Wide Range

Increasing evidence suggests that light to moderate amounts of polyphenol-rich alcoholic beverages like wine or beer could have health benefits. Scientists have long debated the effects of alcohol on immune function, showing on the one hand, that high doses of alcohol consumption can directly suppress a wide range of immune responses, and that alcohol abuse is associated with an increased incidence of a number of infectious diseases. On the other hand, moderate alcohol consumption seems to have a beneficial impact on the immune system compared to alcohol abuse or abstinence. Therefore, the link between alcohol consumption, immune response, as well as infectious and inflammatory processes remains not completely understood. With this in mind, it is important to realise that other factors, unrelated or indirectly related to immune function, like drinking patterns, beverage type, amount of alcohol, or gender differences, will affect the influence that alcohol consumption may have on the immune system. This review summarises published data describing the effects that light to moderate amounts of polyphenol-rich beverages like wine or beer seem to have on immunity in healthy adults.

scholarly journals Patterns of alcohol consumption in 10 European countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) project

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6b) ◽  
pp. 1287-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sieri ◽  
A Agudo ◽  
E Kesse ◽  
K Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
B San-José ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Total Alcohol ◽  
Prospective Investigation

Abstractbjective:The aim of this study was to compare the quantities of alcohol and types of alcoholic beverages consumed, and the timing of consumption, in centres participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). These centres, in 10 European countries, are characterised by widely differing drinking habits and frequencies of alcohol-related diseases.Methods:We collected a single standardised 24-hour dietary recall per subject from a random sample of the EPIC cohort (36 900 persons initially and 35 955 after exclusion of subjects under 35 and over 74 years of age). This provided detailed information on the distribution of alcohol consumption during the day in relation to main meals, and was used to determine weekly consumption patterns. The crude and adjusted (by age, day of week and season) means of total ethanol consumption and consumption according to type of beverage were stratified by centre and sex.Results:Sex was a strong determinant of drinking patterns in all 10 countries. The highest total alcohol consumption was observed in the Spanish centres (San Sebastian, 41.4 g day−1) for men and in Danish centres (Copenhagen, 20.9 g day−1) for women. The lowest total alcohol intake was in the Swedish centres (Umeå, 10.2 g day−1) in men and in Greek women (3.4 g day−1). Among men, the main contributor to total alcohol intake was wine in Mediterranean countries and beer in the Dutch, German, Swedish and Danish centres. In most centres, the main source of alcohol for women was wine except for Murcia (Spain), where it was beer. Alcohol consumption, particularly by women, increased markedly during the weekend in nearly all centres. The German, Dutch, UK (general population) and Danish centres were characterised by the highest percentages of alcohol consumption outside mealtimes.Conclusions:The large variation in drinking patterns among the EPIC centres provides an opportunity to better understand the relationship between alcohol and alcohol-related diseases.

Urban Diabetic Women’s Perception of Healthy Eating Lifestyles from West Java

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayumi Mizutani ◽  
Junko Tashiro ◽  
Nia Damiati ◽  
Uswatun Khasanah
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
West Java ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Social Events

This study aimed to explore perceptions about a healthy-eating lifestyle and reasons to practice a healthy-eating lifestyle of women with type 2 diabetes in a city of West Java by using a case study design. Six female patients, with type 2 diabetes, ages 47–63 from a hospital were interviewed guided by the health promotion model. Their healthy-eating lifestyle included currently practicing or not practicing a healthy-eating lifestyle. Reasons to practice were: beliefs for health and for physical energy to work for family, definition of multidimensional health and self-efficacy increased by: support from God, support from family, support from health professionals and improved or deteriorated health status by prior experience. Reasons not to practice were: difficulty in arranging diet, rejecting eating, controlling appetite, and accessing health care services. Related difficulties were interpersonal relations with family and social situation such as social events, expensive medical fee, and distance to the hospital. These findings suggest that women with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia need to be supported with the reasons to practice a healthy-eating lifestyle.Key words:Diet, health promotion, Indonesia, type 2 diabetes, women AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi persepsi tentang gaya hidup mengonsumsi makanan sehat dan alasan untuk mempraktikkan gaya hidup memakan makanan sehat pada wanita penderita diabetes tipe 2 di satu kota di Jawa Barat dengan menggunakan desain penelitian studi kasus. Enam pasien wanita penderita diabetes tipe 2 berumur antara 47–63 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah rumah sakit. Pasien diwawancara secara terbimbing menggunakan model promosi kesehatan. Gaya hidup partisipan dalam mengonsumsi makanan sehat dinilai dalam penelitian ini, termasuk yang sedang dipraktikkan atau tidak sedang dipraktikkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan alasan partisipan untuk mengonsumsi makanan sehat adalah: keyakinan untuk sehat dan kekuatan fisik untuk bekerja bagi keluarga, definisi kesehatan multidimensi dan efikasi diri meningkat oleh dukungan Tuhan, dukungan dari keluarga, dukungan dari petugas kesehatan, dan meningkatnya atau menurunnya status kesehatan oleh pengalaman sebelumnya. Alasan untuk tidak mengonsumsi makanan sehat adalah kesulitan dalam: mengatur diet, menolak makan, mengontrol nafsu makan, dan kesulitan mengakses pelayanan kesehatan. Kesulitan-kesulitan yang terkait dengan masalah ini adalah hubungan interpersonal dengan keluarga dan situasi sosial seperti acara-acara sosial, biaya medis yang mahal, dan jarak ke rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menyarankan peningkatan dukungan bagi wanita penderita diabetes tipe 2 di Indonesia agar mempraktikkan gaya hidup memakan makanan yang sehat.Kata kunci:Diabetes tipe 2, Indonesia, makanan, promosi kesehatan, wanita

Unstandardizing Testing: Low-Scoring American Minority Students in the Crosshairs of Conservative Policymakers

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Chedhli Nighaoui
Keyword(s):  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Race Theory ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Opt Out

That standardized tests do not accurately assess the true competencies of minority test takers is a widely shared claim among conservative educationists. The opt-out-of-testing community has lately grown unprecedentedly vocal in several states, questioning even more seriously the accountability of the testing system altogether. This paper adopts a Critical Race Theory perspective to investigate the conceptual underpinnings of conservative criticism as well as the interpretations made popular using quantitative methodology. The key premise of this paper is that a colorblind approach to testing understates the importance of a range of unquantifiable variables, mainly the linguitic and cultural backgrounds of the test takers, in determining assessment outcome. It attempts to demonstrate where specifically standardized tests may not be used as a reliable feedback mechanism and suggests that a more flexible assessment paradigm be considered, one that engages learning quality followup to keep cultural bias to a strict minimum.          

Effects of thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognition and affect about death

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Young-Sil Kwon ◽  
Seung-Cheol Kim ◽  
Yu-Ra Lee ◽  
Myoung-Ho Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Cognitive Priming ◽  
Interpersonal Needs

We investigated the effects of thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognitive and affective responses regarding death, with data from 67 students who were drinkers of alcoholic beverages. Each student was randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups distinguished by the presence or absence of both thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption. Cognitive priming bias about death-related risk and fearlessness about death were assessed. Results show significant interaction effects between thwarted interpersonal needs and acute alcohol consumption on cognitive priming bias about death-related risk and fearlessness about death. The findings contribute to explaining how acute alcohol consumption can transform individuals' self-aggressive desire into behavior. Therefore, careful clinical assessment of individuals' frustration in interpersonal relationships and their alcohol consumption is required to prevent risks associated with self-aggressive behavior.

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