scholarly journals What Drives Excess Trading during the COVID-19 Pandemic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-143
Author(s):  
Phaik Nie Chin
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Trading Frequency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Manuscript type: Research paperResearch aims: This study aims to examine the underlying psychological and sociological factors that drive excess trading in the Malaysian stock market during a global health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/Methodology/Approach: A self-administered online questionnaire was collected from 271 individual investors to examine the association between big-five personality traits and trading frequency. Demographic information and investment behaviours of investors were also included in the study. The multinomial logit regression model was used to test the research hypotheses. Research findings: Findings show that personality traits such as openness to experience and agreeableness have a significant influence on trading frequency. Demographic factors and investment behaviours such as gender, household income level, years of investment experience and type of investor all have a significant positive relationship with trading frequency. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the current investor behaviour literature in Malaysia, which remains to be very limited, especially during a global health crisis. The study indicates that personality traits, demographic, socio-economic factors, and investment behaviours affect the trading frequency of Malaysian. Practitioner/Policy implication: This study offers insights for financial institutions and individual investors on the type of personality traits, demographic, socio-economic factors, and investment behaviours that drive excess trading during a global health crisis. The findings provide important contributions to avoid serious mistakes in investment analysis and trading profitable investment strategies, thus improving individual and team performance. Research limitation/Implications: Some results are not significant and may be limited due to the small sample size used in this study. Future research could recruit more retail investors to confirm the significance level of those variables. Besides, the study can be conducted after the COVID-19 pandemic to explore whether there is any significant difference in the variables during and after the global health crisis.

scholarly journals Weight-for-Age Percentiles and Experience Impact Youth Wrestling Record over the Course of a Season (P23-010-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Reymunde Wittmer ◽  
Steven Reggie ◽  
Erin O'Hora ◽  
Diane DellaValle
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Weight For Age

Abstract Objectives Youth in weight-classified combat sports may attempt to change body weight to gain performance advantage. Differences between weight-for-age percentiles (WAP) and performance in youth wrestlers remains unknown. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the differences in performance between wrestlers above and below the 50th WAP over a wrestling season. Methods Participants included 22 male wrestlers from a team in the Pennsylvania Elementary Wrestling League (8.8 ± 2.1 years of age, 2.3 ± 2.3 years of experience). Retrospective data included age, weight, years of experience, family history, and frequency of wins, losses and forfeits over a 3-month wrestling season. Average WAP were calculated using CDC growth charts and wrestlers were assigned to one of two groups <50 th WAP (n = 10) and >50 th WAP (n = 12). Wrestlers were also categorized into two groups in terms of experience (≤2 years, >2 years). Differences between the two groups in performance variables were examined using ANOVA. Results We observed a significant difference between <50th and >50th WAP groups in total forfeits (0.6 ± 1.0; 2.0 ± 1.5, respectively, P < 0.02). There was an interaction observed between WAP group and years of experience in number of total forfeits (P < 0.132) such that wrestlers with <2 years of experience and <50th WAP experienced fewer total forfeits (0.3 ± 0.8) than those >50th percentile (2.0 ± 1.4). Those with more experience in <50th WAP also had fewer forfeits compared to >50th WAP. A similar interaction was observed between WAP group and years of experience in number of total losses (P < 0.187). Wrestlers with <2 years of experience, and <50th WAP experienced more total losses (4.8 ± 1.5) than wrestlers >50th WAP (2.0 ± 1.4). Those with more experience and <50th WAP experienced fewer losses than those >50th WAP. Conclusions We observed a significant difference in forfeits between average WAP groups and an interaction between experience and WAP groups in losses and forfeits in this small sample. Further research is needed to provide insight into how WAP mayaffect performance in this population. Future research may include a larger population, and variables such as BMI-for-age, hydration status, nutrition, body composition and additional factors that affect both weight and performance. Funding Sources n/a.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) in an advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cohort: Analyses of TP53 and CTNNB1.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 286-286
Author(s):  
Robin Kate Kelley ◽  
John Dozier Gordan ◽  
Kimberley Evason ◽  
Paige M. Bracci ◽  
Nancy M. Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Advanced Hcc ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Sample Sizes ◽  
Ctnnb1 Mutation

286 Background: Mutations in TP53 and CTNNB1 are common in early stage HCC resection samples. The frequency and prognostic impact of these mutations in advanced HCC is not known. We conducted this retrospective analysis using a large NGS panel to explore for association between tumor genetics, clinicopathologic features, and prognosis in an advanced HCC cohort. Methods: Eligible cases had diagnosis of unresectable HCC or mixed HCC-cholangiocarcinoma and were enrolled on NCT01008917 or NCT01687673 clinical trials of sorafenib plus temsirolimus with informed consent for specimen banking for future research including genetic testing. Paired tumor and germline (blood) DNA samples were sequenced using a capture-based NGS cancer panel to allow for determination of somatic variants. Analysis was based on the human reference sequence UCSC build hg19. Variants were called using GATK Unified Genotyper software. Somatic, non-synonymous, and exonic calls were curated using COSMIC, cBioPortal, and Pubmed. Results: Cases with HCC (n = 21) and mixed HCC-cholangiocarcinoma (n = 2) comprised the cohort (N = 23). Male/female: 83%/17%. Race: White 56%, Asian 39%. BCLC stage: B 35%, C 65%. Etiology: HBsAg+ 26%, HCV+ 39%. Immune infiltrates ( ≥ 1 on scale 0-3) were present in 7/12 (58%) evaluable tumor samples. TP53 mutations were present in 14/23 (61%, 95% CI: 38.5, 80.0). CTNNB1 mutations were present in 7/23 (30%, 95% CI: 13.2, 52.9). There was no significant difference between HBsAg+ and HCV+. Both TP53 and CTNNB1 mutation were present in 4/23 (17%). CTNNB1 mutation was present in 2/7 (29%) cases with immune infiltrate score ≥ 1, and 1/5 (20%) with score < 1 (not significant). Other mutations and variants will be reported. Conclusions: NGS in this advanced HCC cohort suggests a higher incidence of TP53 and coexisting TP53 plus CTNNB1 mutations than has been reported in early stage HCC which requires confirmation in a larger cohort. There was no clear relationship between these mutations, HCC etiology, or tumor immune infiltrates though interpretation is limited by small sample sizes. Analyses are ongoing to explore for association between TP53 and CTNNB1 mutations and prognosis in this advanced HCC cohort.

scholarly journals Do socio-economic factors impede the engagement in online banking transactions? Evidence from Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Bashiru Jibril ◽  
Michael Adu Kwarteng ◽  
Miloslava Chovancová ◽  
Jurgen Bode
Keyword(s):  
Customer Experience ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Perceived Knowledge ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Researchers have long pondered on the online banking transaction adoption. Some of these studies focus primarily on the motivating factors that affect customers’ intention to adopt/accept these services (technologies). However, research into the constraining factors, in particular socio-economic factors, barely exist in the literature, especially in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. Against this background, the paper seeks to fill in this gap by: (1) assessing the socio-economic factors impeding the engagement of e-banking transactions among retail bank customers in Ghana, and (2) examining the moderating effect of ‘customer experience of Internet’ on the identified factors that inhibit the engagement in online banking in Ghana. The paper used a quantitative research approach to obtain data from two leading Ghanaian banks. Out of the 450 questionnaires distributed, 393 were valid for analysis. Data were analyzed with the aid of PLS-SEM (partial least squares and structural equation modeling). Findings revealed that perceived knowledge gap and the price of digital devices were directly important to the intention to disembark on e-banking transactions among Ghanaian bank customers. Whilst customer experience (frequent use of the Internet), as a moderator variable, has a significant effect on the interaction between perceived knowledge gap and the intent to disembark on e-banking transactions; and finance charges and the intent to disembark on e-banking transactions. Study implications and directions for future research are discussed in the paper. AcknowledgmentThis work was supported by the Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University under the Projects no. IGA/FaME/2019/008 and IGA/FaME/2020/002. The authors would like to extend their appreciation to Prof. Boris Popesko (Vice-dean for Research and Business Liaison) at the Faculty of Management and Economics for facilitating the financial readiness of this project.

scholarly journals Differential Investment Performance In South Africa Based On Gender And Age

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizelle Willows ◽  
Darron West
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Trading Frequency ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Ages

Behavioral finance shows us that individuals do not always behave rationally, owing to certain behavioural biases. A certain bias known as overconfidence has been found to incite increased trading frequency which in turn, reduces the overall return earned. Behavioral biases manifest differently amongst men and women of different ages. Men and more overconfident and women are more risk averse, whilst the young hold more volatile portfolios and the more experienced display fewer of these biases. A sample of 19,021 individual investors from a South African investment house was analysed over five years in order to draw conclusions on the trading behaviour, returns earned and variances in these returns earned by men and women of different ages. The results showed women over the age of 60 years earning statistically significantly higher returns than men and older investors having lower variances in return. For investors of younger ages, no statistically significant difference in the returns earned by men and women are noted, however men were found to have higher variances of returns. Whilst the trading frequency of men is statistically significantly higher than women for the total sample of investors; this result is not consistent amongst the different age-groupings analysed.

scholarly journals Doctoral Candidates’ Academic Writing Output and Strategies: Navigating the Challenges of Academic Writing During a Global Health Crisis

10.28945/4755 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 291-317
Author(s):  
Basil Cahusac de Caux
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Doctoral Candidates

Aim/Purpose: To date, few studies have investigated the impact of global health crises on the academic writing of doctoral candidates. This paper seeks to start a conversation about the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on doctoral candidates’ academic writing output and strategies. Background: This paper employs and analyses data elicited from surveys and interviews involving doctoral candidates from around the world. Data were collected during April 2020, at a time when government-mandated lockdowns and restrictions on movement were in full force in many countries around the world. Methodology: Surveys were conducted with 118 doctoral candidates from over 40 institutions based in four continents. Follow-up interviews were carried out with four doctoral candidates enrolled in an Australian institution. A qualitative descriptive design, employing thematic analysis, is used to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on doctoral candidates’ writing output and strategies. The data analysis includes statistical descriptions of the surveys. Contribution: This paper provides insights into the myriad challenges and obstacles facing doctoral candidates during the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the writing strategies adopted by doctoral candidates during a period of significant societal disruption, and illustrates how thematic analysis can be employed in research involving global health crises. Findings: Despite the adoption of novel approaches to academic writing, which appear in an insignificant minority of respondents, doctoral candidates’ overall commitment to academic writing has been negatively impacted by the pandemic. Similarly, delays to academic research activities caused by the pandemic have resulted in a significant decline in commitment (motivation) to academic writing and a substantial impact on doctoral candidates’ ability to write about their research. Recommendations for Practitioners: Supervisors and mentors should strive to provide doctoral candidates with timely feedback during the pandemic. Given the impact of the pandemic on doctoral candidates’ mental health and motivation to write, increased institutional and peer support is required to help doctoral candidates overcome academic issues during the pandemic and future health crises. This researcher recommends consulting regularly with and offering individually tailored solutions to doctoral candidates who are struggling to work on their theses during the pandemic. Similarly, institutions should empower supervisors in ways that allow them to provide greater levels of support to doctoral candidates. Recommendation for Researchers: Further research on the impacts of the pandemic on various academic cohorts, such as early career researchers (doctoral candidates, postdoctoral researchers, and assistant professors) and student cohorts (e.g., undergraduate and postgraduate), will clarify the extent to which the pandemic is impacting the academic writing of doctoral candidates. Impact on Society: The pressure placed on doctoral candidates to produce quality academic writing seems to have been heightened by the pandemic. This has a range of adverse effects for the higher education sector, particularly administrators responsible for managing doctoral candidate success and the academe, which recruits many of its faculty from holders of doctorate degrees. Future Research: Additional focus on academic writing of doctoral candidates during the pandemic is needed. Research should include randomised samples and represent a range of academic disciplines.

Beyond retirement: who stays at work after the standard age of retirement?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Anxo ◽  
Thomas Ericson ◽  
Anna Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose Drawing on a unique combination of longitudinal administrative data and a postal survey, the purpose of this paper is to identify the socio-economic factors and individual characteristics that affect senior citizens’ decision to continue working on the Swedish labour market after the standard retirement age. Design/methodology/approach By using standard econometric techniques (multinomial logit model) on a large representative sample of 20,000 senior citizens residing in Sweden, the auhtors analyse the extent to which socio-economic factors and individual characteristics including personality traits affect the decision of senior citizens to delay retirement and to continue working after the standard retirement age. Findings The results of our estimations show clearly that good health, high educational attainment/high-skilled jobs, good psychosocial work environment, employment status (to be self-employed), personality traits (extraversion, openness to experience and conscientiousness) as well as industrial sectors (agriculture, healthcare and transport) are strong predictors of the continuation of work after the standard retirement age (65 years old). Research limitations/implications High job quality and good working conditions, along with continuous improvements in public health, are seemingly essential elements for motivating senior workers to delay retirement as are preventive policy measures favouring the development of decent and sustainable working conditions across the life course. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is the first attempt in Sweden to analyse jointly a large range of factors influencing the decision to remain in the labour force after the standard/normal pension age, including psychosocial working conditions and personality traits.

A reformulation of the moderating effects of productive humor

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerri M Lehman ◽  
Kevin L Burke ◽  
Randall Martin ◽  
Jennifer Sultan ◽  
Daniel R Czech
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe ability to effectively cope with stress has been demonstrated to be an important factor in warding off potential physical disease and psychological distress. Responses to stressful events have been shown to greatly vary across individuals. Research has shown that intervening variables, such as cognitive appraisals of stressful events, can markedly affect the amount of stress (e.g., mood disturbance, anxiety, changes in neurotransmitter concentrations, suppression of immune system functioning) individuals experience. One such intervening variable, productive humor, was hypothesized to have a positive stress-moderating effect.Four different experimental conditions were used to assess the impact of a stressful situation on mood and anxiety state. Two conditions had subjects produce a humorous narrative in response to the stressful situation. One of these conditions included an instructional video on the use of productive humor. A third condition had subjects produce an intellectual narrative, while a fourth condition had subjects produce no narrative. The humorous narrative conditions were hypothesized to lead to the greatest moderation in stress (i.e., mood and anxiety).In the humorous narrative (without training) condition, subjects who were more successful at producing the narratives showed significantly more moderated changes in mood and anxiety levels pre-task to post-task. These changes were not significantly different from the intellectual or no narrative conditions. The significant difference found between high versus low humorous narrative producers may be accounted for in terms of success versus non-success at completing the experimental task.Finally, among subjects with initially high pre-task mood or anxiety levels and high tendencies to use productive humor, successful performance of some type of a verbal, cognitive task (i.e., humorous or intellectual narrative) was found to be more beneficial in moderating the effects of stress versus silence. These latter findings were based on patterns of results from post hoc analyses with small sample sizes, thus suggesting the need for future research along similar lines.

scholarly journals Socio-economic factors associated with an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption: a 12-year study in women from the E3N-EPIC study

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Affret ◽  
Gianluca Severi ◽  
Courtney Dow ◽  
Francesca Romana Mancini ◽  
Grégoire Rey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Large Household ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo identify individual and contextual socio-economic factors associated with an increase in fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption over a 12-year period and evaluate if some socio-economic factors were differentially associated with the change in consumption of some types of F&V.DesignAssociations between increased F&V consumption and socio-economic factors were studied with multivariate logistic regression.SettingE3N, a French prospective cohort study of 98 995 women.SubjectsE3N participants (n58 193) with information on diet in 1993 and 2005, and numerous individual and contextual socio-economic factors available.ResultsAssociations between some individual socio-economic factors and changes in F&V consumption were observed. For instance, women who lived in a large household (>3 childrenv. no child) had higher probability of increasing their vegetable consumption (OR=1·33; 95 % CI 1·24, 1·42). This association was driven by higher consumption of courgette and raw cucumber. Living with a partner was associated with higher odds of increasing consumption of fruits (OR=1·07; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·13) such as pear, peach and grape.ConclusionsCertain individual socio-economic factors, but none of the contextual socio-economic factors examined, were associated with an increase in F&V consumption. Factors associated with an increase in total F&V consumption were not necessarily associated with an increase in fruit or vegetable consumption separately, or with an increase in each subtype of fruit or vegetable. Magnitudes of the different associations observed also differed when F&V were considered together, separately or by subtype. Increases in F&V consumption were mostly observed in women with high socio-economic position. To develop effective nutritional interventions and policies that take the socio-economic environment of individuals into account, we recommend future research to further focus on (i) pathways through which population characteristics might influence changes in F&V consumption and (ii) existing interactions between individual and contextual socio-economic factors.

Personality traits and motivation of individual investors towards herding behaviour in Indian stock market

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-405
Author(s):  
Sharda Kumari ◽  
Bibhas Chandra ◽  
J.K. Pattanayak
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Cognitive Capability ◽  
Indian Stock Market

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between personality, motivating factors and herding behaviour of individual investors. Investors’ personality has been classified consonant to the personality traits (compliant, aggressive and detached) encapsulated in Horney’s tripartite model. Design/methodology/approach To carry out this study, the author surveyed 363 individual investors of the Indian stock market using a structured questionnaire. Structural equation modelling is used to empirically test the relationships between personality, three motivating factors (cognitive capability, emotional factors and social factors) and herding behaviour. Findings The result reveals that, expect compliant personality, none shows proclivity towards herding behaviour. Investors possessing compliant personality are more influenced by social motivating factors; however, cognitive factor motivates aggressive personality, inhibiting herding behaviour. Furthermore, investors having detached personality are not influenced by any motivating factors of herding. Research limitations/implications The limitation is the difficulty in generalizing the results to overall country populations as the Indian stock market has a huge turnover every day, and the author’s survey consisted of only small sample of individual investors. Practical implications The outcomes of this study could possibly unveil a new insight to discern the behaviour of individual investors in the Indian stock market. Originality/value The influences of personality on investment choices have been investigated before, but the influence of personality specifically on herding behaviour has not being adequately investigated in an emerging economy like India, as very scanty literature is available on the influence of personality on herding behaviour. The study addresses this gap and further explores the association of personality with different motivating factors that cause herding bias.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Energy Systems and Electric Power Grids—A Review of the Challenges Ahead

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Aviad Navon ◽  
Ram Machlev ◽  
David Carmon ◽  
Abiodun Emmanuel Onile ◽  
Juri Belikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
New Era ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
The Many

The COVID-19 pandemic represents not just a global health crisis, but may signal the beginning of a new era of economic activity, the potential consequences of which we currently do not fully understand. In this context, the mid-to-long-range impacts of the pandemic on the energy sector have been studied extensively in the last few months. Despite these efforts, the pandemic still raises many open questions concerning the long-term operation and planning of power systems. For instance, how will the pandemic affect the integration of renewable energy sources? Should current power system expansion plans change in light of the COVID-19 pandemic? What new tools should be provided to support system operators during global health crises? It is the purpose of this paper to better understand the many aspects of these open questions by reviewing the relevant recent literature and by analyzing measured data. We point out the main challenges that the pandemic introduced by presenting patterns of electricity generation and demand, frequency deviations, and load forecasting. Moreover, we suggest directions for future research that may assist in coping with the mentioned challenges. We hope that this paper will trigger fruitful discussions and encourage further research on these important emerging topics.

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