scholarly journals Lung-Digit Syndrome Related to an Adenosquamous Feline Lung Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Noleto De Paiva ◽  
Max Ferreira de Andrade ◽  
Dayane Caicó Collares Araújo ◽  
Rafaela Da Silva Goes ◽  
Thiago Souza Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
The Right ◽  
Histopathological Report

Background: The lung-digit syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by the presence of a primary pulmonar neoplasia manifesting metastasis to the digit, occurring exclusively in felines. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs, associated with radiographic and histopathological exams. There are no therapeutic protocols well-established, and surgical excision is considered controversial due to high recurrence and metastasis rates. The prognosis is considered poor, with low survival rates. The aim of this paper is to report a case of lung-digit syndrome attended in Rio de Janeiro.Case: A 12-year-old female cat, no defined race, was attend with the complaint of weight loss and injury in the right thoracic limb, already having histopathological diagnosis of squamous differentiation adenocarcinoma through biopsy. Physical examination showed no other clinical signs at first, including no signs of respiratory disease. Laboratory and imaging exams were performed, and the radiographic examination showed alterations in the pulmonary parenchyma showing a nodular area of increased radiographic density. Followed up by the manifestation of breathing noise at rest, as the first respiratory signs. The association of the clinical evaluation, medical history, and histopathological report from the limb lesion, lead to the suspicion diagnostic of lung-digit syndrome. The owners decide for the palliative treatment with chemotherapy, using carboplatin and prednisolone. Only the first session was performed, with the animal being euthanized due to clinical worsening 48 days after the initial manifestation of clinical signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by post mortem exams, and the pulmonary nodule were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation in concordance with the limb lesion diagnosis.Discussion: The lung-digit syndrome is still poorly studied in the veterinary medicine, with few reports published. Epidemiological data shows major incidence in elderly cats, with no racial or sexual predisposition, occurring in a 12-year-old cat in the present case. There are few theorys to explain the etiopathogenesis of the syndrome, however, none have been fully comproved. The clinical symptomatology varies from asymptomatic animals to those manifesting nonspecific systemic signs and respiratory signs. In this case the animal initially manifested only the presence of the digit injury and weight loss, with respiratory signs manifesting later. The digital lesion local signs usually include swelling, ulceration, purulent discharge, nail loss, and pain, occurring more frequently in the thoracic limbs, involving weight-bearing digits, as in the present report that occurred in the right thoracic limb, with involvement of the first and third digits. Radiographic findings may help in the diagnosis suspicion, having the confirmation by histopathological examination. The most frequent histological types involved in the syndrome are the adenocarcinoma, bronchoalveolar carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. The squamous-differentiated adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma, as described in the histopathological report in the present case, is the least frequent. The treatment protocol is not well-established with no proven effective treatment. Surgical excision is not recomended as a palliative method, and the chemotherapy and radiotherapy sucess rates are still unknown. The prognosis is considered extremely unfavorable and early diagnosis represents the best attempt to control the disease.

scholarly journals Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of muscle contractures secondary to acute spinal cord injury in a young cat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511692092264
Author(s):  
Robert I McGeachan ◽  
Tobias Schwarz ◽  
Danièlle A Gunn-Moore ◽  
Katia Marioni-Henry
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Right

Case summary A 4-month-old male entire domestic shorthair cat presented for sudden onset of right thoracic monoparesis following a fall; within 18 h, the clinical signs progressed to non-ambulatory right hemiplegia with absent sensation in the distal right thoracic limb and left hemiparesis. MRI revealed changes consistent with a C6–C7 acute non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion with suspected secondary C5–C7 spinal cord haemorrhage. Rehabilitation exercises were started immediately after the diagnosis of acute spinal cord trauma. Sensation in the right thoracic limb improved and, with the help of a splint applied to that limb, the cat was ambulatory on all four limbs. Unfortunately, clinical signs started to progress over the course of 10 days. The cat developed progressive discomfort on manipulation of the right elbow and carpus, and a hyperflexion of the right carpus. Radiographs revealed no skeletal abnormalities. Muscle contractures were suspected. Under general anaesthesia the triceps and flexor muscles of the carpus and digits were injected with a total of 100 U of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A). No complications were associated with the procedure and 24 h after the injection the carpal hyperflexion resolved. Relevance and novel information The use of BTX-A to treat muscle contractures in human medicine is an established and increasingly used technique. For example, in subacute stroke patients with a non-functional arm, BTX-A forearm injection appears to prevent disabling finger stiffness, likely by minimising the development of contractures. Here, we demonstrate that intramuscular BTX-A is an effective treatment for acquired muscle contractures in a cat.

scholarly journals Ectopic intraconal orbital meningioma – A rare case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Sharma ◽  
Charandeep Singh Gandhoke ◽  
Somen Misra ◽  
Ashik Ravi ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Orbital Meningioma

Background: Ectopic orbital meningiomas (OM) are a rare subset of OMs which are neither attached to the optic nerve sheath nor to the surrounding bone. Case Description: We report the case of a 65-year-old female who presented with a 1 year history of proptosis followed by visual loss and restricted right eye movements since 3 months. Radiology of the orbits was suggestive of intraorbital, intraconal, and heterogeneous contrast enhancing right eye lesion which was completely excised through supraorbital orbitotomy approach. Intraoperatively, the right optic nerve, though compressed, and displaced inferiorly, was free from the lesion. The final histopathological diagnosis was “Meningioma WHO Grade I.” At 3 months follow-up, patient’s vision in the right eye improved from perception of light positive to 6/12 and there was no evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: Rarity of ectopic OM, total surgical excision with an excellent postoperative visual outcome prompted us to report this case.

scholarly journals Synovial Sarcoma of the Spine: A Rare Intradural Extramedullary Tumour

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Ajay Sebastian Carvalho ◽  
Kishan Kumar Yadav ◽  
Vijay Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Spinal Tumor ◽  
Spinal Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Dumbbell Tumor ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intradural Extramedullary Tumour

Synovial sarcoma (SS) accounts for 5- 10% of all adult soft-tissue sarcomas and only 5% arises in the spine. It presents like any other spinal tumor, namely axial pain with symptoms due to neural compression. Imaging findings can also be similar to any other benign spinal tumor. We present a 43-year-old male who presented with symptoms of radiculopathy and neural compression and imaging revealed a dumbbell tumor at C6 to D1 with transforaminal and paraspinal extension on the right side. After surgical excision the histopathology revealed a rare synovial sarcoma of the spine. Synovial sarcoma of the spine though rare, are difficult to differentiate based on their presentation and imaging characteristics from benign spinal tumors. However, subtle findings on imaging and a pre-operative biopsy may aid in performing a more definitive surgery upfront rather than a re-do surgery after the histopathological diagnosis.  

Canine Giant Hypertrophic Gastritis Treated Successfully with Partial Gastrectomy

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denty P. Vaughn ◽  
Jason Syrcle ◽  
Jim Cooley
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Partial Gastrectomy ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Hypertrophic Gastritis ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Long Term Treatment

A 4 yr old castrated male Jack Russell terrier was presented with a 2 mo history of vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound supported the diagnosis of gastric outflow obstruction. Celiotomy and gastrotomy revealed a large, narrowly based mass originating from the mucosa of the dorsal gastric body, occupying the lumen of the stomach and protruding through the pylorus into the duodenum. A partial gastrectomy was performed to excise the mass along with a 1 cm margin of grossly normal tissue. Giant hypertrophic gastritis was diagnosed via histopathology of the excised tissue. Giant hypertrophic gastritis is a rarely diagnosed disease of canines, characterized by giant gastric folds, hypoalbuminemia, and mucosal hypertrophy. Long-term treatment success has not been previously reported. In the case described herein, surgical excision of the affected gastric tissue provided complete resolution of clinical signs. Twelve mo following surgery, no recurrence of either vomiting or weight loss had been noted and the dog was clinically normal.

scholarly journals Oral masses in African pygmy hedgehogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-867
Author(s):  
Gabriela Del Aguila ◽  
Cristian G. Torres ◽  
Francisco R. Carvallo ◽  
Carlos M. Gonzalez ◽  
Federico F. Cifuentes
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Gingival Hyperplasia ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Neural Origin ◽  
Oral Neoplasms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Privately Owned

African pygmy hedgehogs ( Atelerix albiventris) frequently develop oral neoplasms, and most of these neoplasms are malignant. We characterized oral masses detected in hedgehogs at clinical examination. During a 1-y period, we diagnosed oral cavity masses in 27 privately owned hedgehogs; 16 were female and 11 were male, with ages of 2–7 y (mean: 4.3 y). Eight masses were non-neoplastic and were diagnosed as gingival hyperplasia (GH). Nineteen masses were neoplastic, of which 17 were squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 2 were mesenchymal tumors (1 spindle cell tumor of probable neural origin, and 1 hemangiosarcoma). The GHs were noninvasive, exophytic, and did not recur after surgical excision. The SCCs were highly invasive tumors that induced facial deformation and were located in the caudal portion of the oral cavity, with 12 of them arising from the right-caudal maxilla. Thus, clinical signs, growth pattern, and anatomic location can be used to suspect a diagnosis of SCC among the other possible diagnoses, such as GH, in this location. However, histopathology is necessary for confirmation. Also, hemangiosarcoma should be considered among the differential diagnoses.

scholarly journals Malignant Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumour in a Ewe

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Švara ◽  
Mitja Gombač ◽  
Polona Juntes ◽  
Milan Pogačnik
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Cell Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cell ◽  
Progressive Weight Loss ◽  
The Right

We describe a rare case of malignant granulosa cell tumour in an adult ewe, euthanised due to progressive weight loss. Necropsy examination revealed a neoplastic enlargement of the right ovary, multifocal neoplastic masses in the lung and spleen, and severe enlargement of mediastinal and iliacal lymph nodes. Histopathology of the right ovary revealed a malignant ovarian granulosa cell tumour with metastases to the lung, spleen, and mediastinal and iliacal lymph nodes. Immunohistochemistry confirmed histopathological diagnosis. Neoplastic cells reacted positively for CK MNF 116 and vimentin and were negative for CK 7 and desmin. To our knowledge this is the first report of a malignant granulosa cell tumour in ewe.

scholarly journals Primary Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma in a Cow

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adony Querubino De Andrade Neto ◽  
Rodolfo José Cavalcanti Souto ◽  
Jobson Filipe de Paula Cajueiro ◽  
Carla Lopes De Mendonça ◽  
David Driemeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Neck Extension ◽  
Flunixin Meglumine ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
The Right

Background: Primary neoplasms of the respiratory tract are rare in cattle, and they present with nonspecific clinical signs and are usually found at post-mortem. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma of the acinar type is uncommon, and information about this neoplasm in cattle is scarce. This paper aims to describe the clinical, laboratory, and pathological findings in a cow with this neoplasm.Case: A 10-year-old, adult, mixed-breed Holstein cow weighing 300 kg was referred to the Garanhuns Cattle Clinic of the Campus of Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Brazil, with a history of decreased appetite, tiredness, weight loss, and difficulty in breathing for two months. The animal had been treated at the farm of origin with enrofloxacin, florfenicol, and flunixin meglumine. The animal’s appetite improved, but no improvement in the respiratory symptoms was observed. On examination at our center, the cow was in an orthopedic position, with neck extension and elbow abduction; and it remained in a recumbent position. The cow had neutrophilia, normochromic normocytic anemia, and hyperfibrinogemia. The body condition score (BCS) was 1 (BCS ranges from 1 to 5), and the cow had moderate enophthalmia, serous secretions in nostrils, tachycardia, and tachypnea. It also had increased breathing intensity; increased breath sounds in the cranial regions of both lungs; areas of reduced breath sounds in the medial portions of the lungs; intermittent wheezing in the cranial region of the left lung medially and in the cranial region of the right lung medially; intermittent crepitations in the cranial region of the right lung medially; reduced thoracic expansion; and expiratory dyspnea. Pulmonary ultrasonography revealed hyperechogenic multifocal structures in both lungs. In view of the severe clinical condition and unfavorable prognosis, the owner opted for euthanasia. Necropsy revealed that there was a significant amount of yellow fluid in the thoracic cavity, and the cut surfaces of the lungs were covered with fibrin and pleural adhesions. The lungs had irregular surfaces with multifocal nodules of various sizes and firm consistency. The texture of the cut nodules was solid, and the nodules had a yellowish color. Histologically, the pulmonary nodules were composed of neoplastic cells. They were pleomorphic, infiltrative epithelial cells with little cytoplasm; large and spherical nuclei with abundant euchromatin; occasional anisokaryosis; visible nucleolus; and numerous mitotic figures. Results of anti-cytokeratin immunohistochemistry were strongly positive for cytokeratin in the lungs and lymph nodes. Discussion: The diagnosis of acinar pulmonary adenocarcinoma was based on clinical, laboratory, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. Clinical signs and lung ultrasound suggested a severe respiratory disease. Pulmonary tumors are usually solid, and they show areas of central necrosis that resemble granulomas. However, the histopathological findings in the current case were compatible with a primary pulmonary neoplasm. Primary pulmonary neoplasms, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of weight loss, cachexia, and respiratory symptoms in adult cattle. The morphological pattern and the strong immunoreactivity on immunohistochemical examination were conclusive for a diagnosis of a primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma of the acinar type because these tumors specifically contain cytokeratin.

Carcinoma of the Urachus. Report of a Case

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amedeo Boscaino ◽  
Patrizia Sapere ◽  
Bruno Marra
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Adenosquamous Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Regional Recurrence ◽  
Urachal Carcinoma ◽  
Abdominal Organs

The authors report a case of urachal carcinoma of a 60 year old woman of particular interest because of the clinical history, biological behavior and histotype. The tumor presented as an umbilical mass of 25 cm which had slowly increased during 20 years without evident clinical signs or infiltration of the peritoneum and abdominal organs. Histologic findings revealed an adenosquamous carcinoma, which represents less than 5 % of urachal neoplasms. Surgical excision is the treatment. The prognosis is poor because of regional recurrence and metastases. The authors review the literature analyzing the criteria for differential diagnosis between adenocarcinoma of vesical and of urachal origin.

Anatomic Distribution and Clinical Findings of Intermuscular Lipomas in 17 Dogs (2005–2010)

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brad Case ◽  
Catriona M. MacPhail ◽  
Stephen J. Withrow
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Anatomic Distribution ◽  
Pelvic Limb

Intermuscular lipomas (IML) in dogs can be associated with ominous clinical signs, especially in the thoracic limb. However, the prognosis is excellent following surgical excision. There is a paucity of information in the veterinary literature regarding IML. Our objective was to describe the anatomical location, imaging techniques, and clinical findings in a series of dogs that were diagnosed and treated for IML. The prevalence of thoracic versus pelvic limb IML was not different. Most IML of the thoracic limb were located in the axilla. Operative time for IML of the thoracic and pelvic limb averaged 60 minutes. Complications were rare after marginal surgical excision and recurrence was not seen in any of the cases in this report. Intermuscular lipomas of the axilla are as common as IML of the caudal thigh. Surgical treatment of both axillary and caudal-thigh IML is associated with an excellent prognosis in dogs.

scholarly journals Benign cystic teratoma of the mesosigmoid: Report of a case

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 550-552
Author(s):  
Berislav Vekic ◽  
Rastko Zivic ◽  
Marko Kalezic ◽  
Predrag Matic
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Anal Verge ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cystic Teratoma ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Benign Cystic Teratoma

Introduction. Extragonadal intraperitoneal teratomas are very rare, especially those arising from mesentery and mesocolon. In the contemporary literature only 22 cases of such tumors have been published and described. Case Outline. We report a case of a 52-year-old woman with a benign cystic teratoma of the mesosigmoid. The patient presented with mild clinical signs of intestinal obstruction. Computerized tomography of the pelvis and abdomen showed a large 9.7 ? 8.9 ? 9.4 cm calcified tumor in the lower part of the left hemiabdomen. Extraluminal obstruction was verified by colonoscopy at 35 cm from the anal verge. Intraoperatively, a cystic calcified tumor of the mesosigmoid was found causing extraluminal obstruction of the left colon. The tumor was extirpated and a partial resection of the adherent great omentum was performed. The histopathological examination revealed a benign cystic teratoma. Conclusion. Considering the fact that mesenteric teratomas are extremely rare tumors, it is difficult to designate a general conclusion for an adequate treatment of patients suffering from them. Complete surgical excision is indicated in order to establish a correct histopathological diagnosis and to relieve the patients of symptoms.

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