scholarly journals Effect of the Estrus Expression on Follicular and Luteal Morphofunctional Characteristics and Fertility in Bos indicus females Synchronized for FTAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Azevedo Menezes ◽  
Lucas Andrê Silva Batista ◽  
Aldo Barbosa Sousa ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Galvão Loiola ◽  
Rodrigo Freitas Bittencourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Wall Area ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
The Impact

Background: Recent studies have been conducted with the aim of improving the fertility rates in the FTAI programs in beef females. The observation of the estrus expression constitutes an important indicator of fertility in zebu females. Therefore, this work has as an objective to evaluate the impact of the estrus expression on the follicular, luteal and fertility morphofunctional characteristics of Nelore females synchronized for FTAI.Materials, Methods & Results: Sixty five lactating female Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) were used. On a random day, denominated day 0 (D0), the 65 Nelore females received a progesterone-releasing device associated to the application of 2.0 mg of estradiol benzoate intramuscularly (IM). On D9, the progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices were removed and was administered 500 μg of cloprostenol sodium IM; 0.6 mg of estradiol cypionate IM and 300 UI of Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin IM. At this point, the animals were marked with a marking stick for the determination of the estrus expression. On D11 of the synchronization protocol, the animals were characterized in two groups: without estrus expression (WO/ ESTRUS) and with estrus expression (W/ ESTRUS). The evaluation of the follicle diameter (FOLD), of the follicle wall area (FOLA), of the follicle wall vascularization (FOLV) and the percentage of vascularization in the area of the preovulatory follicle wall (%FOLV) were conducted on D11 using B-mode ultrasonography and color Doppler and then the artificial inseminations were performed. The evaluation of the corpus luteum diameter (CLD), the total area of the corpus luteum (CLA), of the area of vascularization of the corpus luteum (CLV), of the percentage of vascularization of the in the area of the corpus luteum (% CLV) and the collection of blood for the evaluation of the serum levels of progesterone were carried out on D24. The analysis of the serum progesterone concentration were performed by the chemiluminescence method using the Access immunoassay systems Progesterone, with a sensitivity of 0.1 ng/mL. The diagnosis of gestation was carried out by transrectal ultrasonography on D45.  The animals of the WITH ESTRUS group presented superior FOLD, FOLA, FOV (P < 0.05) averages to those presented by the cows of the WITHOUT ESTRUS group. In relation to the luteal characteristics, in the WITH ESTRUS group the cows exhibited averages for CLD, CLA, CLV and P4 significantly higher than those of the WITHOUT ESTRUS group. However, the bovines of the WITH ESTRUS group presented a % CLV similar to the presented by the females of the WITHOUT ESTRUS group. As for the fertility rates, there was difference between the experimental groups WITH ESTRUS and WITHOUT ESTRUS.Discussion: The present work demonstrated the impact of the estrus expression on the follicular morphological parameters, therefore in accordance with other studies. These authors show a relation between the estrus expression and levels of estradiol, which is directly related to the sperm transport in the female reproductive tract, oocyte maturation and fertilization directly affecting the fertility of females submitted to the FTAI program. Similarly, there was an interrelation between the estrus expression and the luteal morphological parameters, corroborating with the findings of some researches, where were verified higher luteal morphological parameters associated to higher conception rates in cows that demonstrated estrus behavior in the FTAI. Therefore, the estrus detection can be used as a tool to direct matings in synchronization protocols, promoting the identification of the animals with a higher probability of conception, owing to better follicular and luteal hemodynamic conditions.

146. MACROPHAGES ARE ESSENTIAL FOR MAINTENANCE OF EARLY PREGNANCY THROUGH REGULATION OF CORPUS LUTEUM FUNCTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
A. S. Care ◽  
M. J. Jasper ◽  
W. V. Ingman ◽  
S. A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
The Impact

Macrophages are abundant within the ovary, and have been identified in the corpus luteum (CL) of most species studied, including in rodents and human. Through their secretory products, macrophages are thought to be involved in ovarian tissue remodelling, including luteinization, and in regulating steroidogenesis [1, 2]. Macrophages co-cultured with granulosa or luteal cells act to stimulate progesterone secretion [3]. To determine the impact of macrophage ablation during early pregnancy, we utilised the macrophage specific CD11b-DTR diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) transgenic mouse to cause transient systemic ablation of macrophages via the administration of DT (25 ng/g). The effects of macrophage ablation during the pre-implantation phase of pregnancy were evaluated and implantation sites were counted. Ablation of macrophages on day 1 pc (n=13 wild-type; n=9 CD11b-DTR) or day 4 pc (n=6 CD11b-DTR; n=9 wild-type) caused complete pregnancy loss in all DT-treated CD11b-DTR mice, while wild-type mice maintained viable pregnancies [mean ± SEM implantation sites = 5.0 ± 1.4 (day 1 treated), and 6.0 ± 1.9 (day 4 treated)]. Serum progesterone was analysed 24 h following macrophage ablation. A single DT injection on day 3 pc significantly reduced serum progesterone (P4) levels [n=7 wild-type P4 (ng/ml)= 29.6 ± 3.3; n=8 CD11b-DTR = 11.1 ± 2.1]. The administration of exogenous P4 (2 mg) on each of day 4-7 pc prevented fetal loss in DT-treated CD11b-DTR mice (n=6; implantation sites = 7.8 ± 1.6), while no pregnancies remained viable in DT-treated mice administered vehicle only (n=9). In conclusion, luteal insufficiency appears to be the cause of pregnancy failure following macrophage ablation. These data indicate a critical role for macrophages in corpus luteum function in early pregnancy.

scholarly journals Relationship between Changes over Time in Factors, Including the Impact of Meteorology on Photochemical Oxidant Concentration and Causative Atmospheric Pollutants in Kawasaki

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Akinori Fukunaga ◽  
Takaharu Sato ◽  
Kazuki Fujita ◽  
Daisuke Yamada ◽  
Shinya Ishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moving Average ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Photochemical Oxidant ◽  
Oxidant Concentration ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

To clarify the relationship between changes in photochemical oxidants’ (Ox) concentrations and their precursors in Kawasaki, a series of analyses were conducted using data on Ox, their precursors, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and meteorology that had been monitored throughout the city of Kawasaki for 30 years from 1990 to 2019. The trend in air temperature was upward, wind speed was downward, and solar radiation was upward, indicating an increasing trend in meteorological factors in which Ox concentrations tend to be higher. Between 1990 and 2013, the annual average Ox increased throughout Kawasaki and remained flat after that. The three-year moving average of the daily peak increased until 2015, and after that, it exhibited a slight decline. The amount of generated Ox is another important indicator. To evaluate this, a new indicator, the daytime production of photochemical oxidant (DPOx), was proposed. DPOx is defined by daytime averaged Ox concentrations less the previous day’s nighttime averaged Ox concentrations. The trend in DPOx from April to October has been decreasing since around 2006, and it was found that this indicator reflects the impact of reducing emissions of NOx and VOCs in Kawasaki.

scholarly journals Informal Volunteering and Socialization Effects: Examining Modelling and Encouragement by Parents and Partner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlou J. M. Ramaekers ◽  
Ellen Verbakel ◽  
Gerbert Kraaykamp
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Parental Encouragement ◽  
Helping Behaviours ◽  
The Family ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
Informal Volunteering ◽  
Socializing Agents ◽  
The Impact

AbstractInformal volunteering is seen as an important indicator of social relations and community life. We therefore investigate the impact of various socialization practices on informal volunteering, being small helping behaviours outside of organizations for people outside the household. From theoretical notions on socialization, we hypothesize that experiencing extensive prosocial socialization practices promotes informal volunteering. We examine socialization processes of both modelling and encouragement and consider two socializing agents: parents and partners. We test our expectations employing the sixth wave of the Family Survey Dutch Population (N = 2464) that included unique measures on socialization as well as informal volunteering and holds important control variables. Our results indicated that parental modelling, partner modelling and partner encouragement were all positively related to informal volunteering, but that parental encouragement was not significantly related to informal volunteering. Our paper, thus, underscores that socialization practices are relevant in nurturing social relations and community life.

Post-traumatic Growth: Longitudinal Study on Battered Women in Close Relationships after Both They and Their Partners Undergo Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199793
Author(s):  
Dorota Dyjakon ◽  
Beata Rajba
Keyword(s):  
Battered Women ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Violence in intimate relationships is a major problem worldwide. Many women, despite having experienced violence from a partner, decide to remain in a relationship with the perpetrator. A special premise for such a decision is that the abusive partner undertakes therapy that serves to build security in the family. An important indicator of dealing with violence is post-traumatic growth (PTG), a concept introduced by Calhoun and Tedeschi (1998) to describe positive changes as a result of traumatic experiences. The purpose of the research was to assess PTG changes in the course of relationships in which the woman had experienced violence from her partner, but both her partner and she had undertaken therapy and changed their behavior ( N = 48). The conducted research used a demographic survey and two questionnaires: The Polish version of the Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R, Weiss, Marmara prepared by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik [2009]) examining three dimensions of trauma (intrusion, hyperarousal, and avoidance) and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory ( Tedeschi & Calhoun [2004] ; Polish version prepared by Ogińska-Bulik & Juczyński [2010] ). The studies showed that over a period of one and half years, significant changes in PTG had taken place. Reportedly, changes in self-perception and changes in relating to others have decreased, while appreciation of life increased but spiritual life remained the same. The research also allowed us to distinguish several groups of corelates in changes in individual PTG categories. The studies also indicate that building a close relationship with the person who caused the harm can limit the victim’s PTG.

Research on the Impact of Temperature on the Softening Point of SBS Modified Asphalt

2013 ◽  
Vol 365-366 ◽  
pp. 978-982
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Feng ◽  
De Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Softening Point ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Heating

The softening point of modified asphalt is an extremely important indicator to evaluate the high-temperature performance; its the temperature of modified asphalt sample emerging shear deformation under the action of certain shear stress according to the specific heating rate. Its found that in the actual construction and testing, different temperature conditions has a larger impact on the softening point of the modified asphalt, which has adverse affect on road construction. This paper studied and researched the influence of temperature on modified asphalt softening point indicators from the different test temperature, including packing compact temperature, scraper temperature in removal of asphalt that above test mode, standing temperature, curing temperature and initial heating temperature before test.

Pulsatile secretion of progesterone from the human corpus luteum: poor correlation with bioactive LH pulses

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inese Z. Beitins ◽  
Maria L. Dufau
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Human Corpus Luteum

Abstract. Having previously established that biologically active luteinizing hormone (LH) is secreted in episodic pulsations that vary in relation to the menstrual cycle, we investigated the possibility that a temporal relationship could exist between the bioactive LH pulses and progesterone secretion from the late corpus luteum. In 4 young women blood was withdrawn every 15 min for 8 h. Serum progesterone concentrations fluctuated at a mean frequency of 0.9 h with a wide range of amplitudes (13.8 to 1.7 ng/ml). Serum bioactive LH pulse frequency in contrast was 0.25 pulses/h in all subjects. The pulse amplitude was 18.2 to 12.4 mIU/ml (2nd IRP-hMG). These data reveal that within the 8 h-period studied, progesterone secretory pulses occurred four times more frequently as those for bioactive LH. Therefore it is unlikely that a temporal relationship exists between individual bioactive LH and pulses of progesterone secreted by the late corpus luteum.

scholarly journals The impact of monetary incentives on general fertility rates in Western Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda T Langridge ◽  
Natasha Nassar ◽  
Jianghong Li ◽  
Peter Jacoby ◽  
Fiona J Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of Uzbekistan's Planting Industry Growth Based on Shift-Share Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Zhang Lingzhi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Industry Structure ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
The Impact

Changes in the structure of the planting industry are an important indicator of the level of agricultural development. This paper applies the shift-share analysis method to analyse the growth of Uzbekistan’s planting industry from 2011 to 2018 into three parts: the national share, the industry mix and the regional shift component. The study found that the growth of Uzbekistan’s national planting industry has driven the growth of the planting industry in each state. Although the output of grain and cotton is still the main output of the planting industry, the scale of grain and cotton is relatively shrinking, and the output of vegetables, melons, fruits and berries, and grapes is on the rise. Because of the obvious differences in the impact of the planting industry structure and competitiveness on yield growth in Uzbekistan states, each state should formulate corresponding industrial policies according to the advantages and characteristics of planting industry.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Response Elicited by Ureaplasma parvum colonization in human cervical epithelial, stromal, and immune cells

Reproduction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ourlad Alzeus Gaddi Tantengco ◽  
Talar Kechichian ◽  
Kathleen L Vincent ◽  
Richard B Pyles ◽  
Paul Mark B Medina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ureaplasma Parvum ◽  
Cervical Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Impact

Ureaplasma parvum is a commensal bacterium in the female reproductive tract but has been associated with pregnancy complications such as preterm prelabor rupture of membranes and preterm birth (PTB). However, the pathologic effects of U. parvum in the cervix, that prevents ascending infections during pregnancy, are still poorly understood. To determine the impact of U. parvum on the cervix, ectocervical (ecto) and endocervical (endo) epithelial and stromal cells were incubated with U. parvum. Macrophages were also tested as a proxy for cervical macrophages to determine the antigenicity of U. parvum. The effects of U. parvum, including influence on cell cycle and cell death, antimicrobial peptide production, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inflammatory cytokine levels, were assessed. U. parvum colonized cervical epithelial and stromal cells 4 hours post-infection. Like uninfected control, U. parvum neither inhibited cell cycle progression and nor caused cell death in cervical epithelial and stromal cells. U. parvum increased the production of the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) cathelicidin and human β-defensin 3 and exhibited weak signs of EMT evidenced by decreased cytokeratin 18 and increased vimentin expression in cervical epithelial cells. U. parvum induced a pro-inflammatory environment (cytokines) and increased MMP-9 in cervical epithelial cells but promoted pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in cervical stromal cells and macrophages. U. parvum may colonize the cervical epithelial layer, but induction of AMPs and anti-inflammatory response may protect the cervix and may prevent ascending infections that can cause PTB. These findings suggest that U. parvum is a weak inducer of inflammation in the cervix.

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