scholarly journals Penyarian Konstituen Organik Daging Buah Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.) dengan Metode Maserasi Berbantu Microwave dan Uji Aktivitas Sebagai Antioksidan

KOVALEN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Imran ◽  
Nurlian ◽  
L.A. Kadir ◽  
La Agusu ◽  
Ruslan

This study was conducted to determine the organic constituents and to test the antioxidant activity and toxicity of gaharu fruit pulp extract (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.). Gaharu fruit pulp extract was obtained through Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method and then extracted with a solvent with different polarity, namely ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The obtained yield of ethyl acetate extract of the gaharu fruit pulp was 40.827% w/v, whereas 0% w/v in n-hexane extract, therefore, no further test for n-hexane extract, so that the n-hexane extract was not tested for the next stage. The results of the organic constituents of the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp showed flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, phenols and tannins. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the DPPH method with vitamin C as a positive control. The results of the antioxidant activity test showed that IC50 of ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp and vitamin C were 143.789ppm and 13.797ppm, respectively. Extracts from microwave-assisted maceration that were partitioned with ethyl acetate solvent were categorized into moderate antioxidants because the IC50 value was between 101-150ppm, while vitamin C was categorized as a strong antioxidant because the IC50 value was between 0-100ppm. Toxicity testing was also carried out on ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp using the BSLT method. The results of the toxicity test of the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp showed activity with an LC50 value of 11.282ppm. Based on this research, the ethyl acetate extract of gaharu fruit pulp is considered to have an anticancer potential.

KOVALEN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deddy Firman ◽  
Nurhaeni Nurhaeni ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay

ABSTRACT Has done research about antioxidant activity of suweg tuber (Amorphophallus campamulatus) based on the level of polar solvent. This research begins with in phased maceration extraction using n-hexane, ethyl acetate dan ethanol. Next step was antioxidant activity test with tyocyanate to n-hexane extract and DPPH methods to ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and vitamin C. The result showed antioxidant activity in n-hexane extract i.e. 14,96 %, end 77,13 % BHT while in ethyl acetate, ethanol and vitamin C reached IC50 value are 458,102 ppm, 223,268 ppm dan 26,76 ppm. Keywords: Suweg tuber, type of solvent, maceration, antioxidant


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan ◽  
Mardiana

This study aimed to investigate phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract from lakoocha leaves. The powdered simplicia was macerated with n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol 96% successively, filtered, then concentrated using rotary evaporator to obtain n–hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract and ethanol extract. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity was performed against these extracts. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer at wavelength of 516 nm after incubated for 60 minutes in dark place. Quercetin was used as positive control. The result of phytochemical screening showed n-hexane extract contains steroid, ethyl acetate extract contain steroid, tannin, glycoside, flavonoid and saponin, whereas ethanol extract contain tannin, glycoside, flavonoid and saponin. The IC50 value of n–hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract was 1062.03±1.42 ppm, 323.18±0.02 ppm and 99.23±0.07 ppm respectively, whereas for quercetin was 2.32±0.01 ppm. This study showed that ethanol extract had antioxidant activity with strong category whereas n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate extract had inactive antioxidant activity with very weak categories.       Keyword: Antioxidant Activity, DPPH, Lakoocha leaf


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Selpida Handayani ◽  
Ahmad Najib ◽  
Nurul Purnama Wati

Sea holly leaves (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) belongs to Acanthaceae family, contain flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, an phenols. This research aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of sea holly leaf extract by free radical damping method 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazil (DPPH). The extraction method multilevel maseration using n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and ethanol extract is 1,55%, 0,65% and 4,97% respectively. On each extract, the antioxidant activity was assayed by DPPH free radical inhibition method by measuring is absorbance at the maximum wavelength of 515nm using UV-VIS spectrophometer with quercetin compound as comparator. The result of antioxidant assay showed that IC50 value, ethanol extract is 34,659 μg/mL (strong antioxidant), ethyl acetate extract is 162,512 μg/mL (weak antioxidant), n-hexane extract is361,730 μg/mL (not active as antioxidant).


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ridlo ◽  
Rini Pramesti ◽  
Koesoemadji Koesoemadji ◽  
Endang Supriyantini ◽  
Nirwani Soenardjo

Rhizopora mucronata merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang berpotensi  sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Daun tanaman ini mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti tanin, fenolat, klorofil, karotenoid dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun R. mucronata. Sampel diambil dari kawasan mangrove Tugurejo, Semarang dan diekstraksi  secara bertingkat berturut-turut dengan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan metanol. Aktivitas antioksidan diukur dengan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) dan nilainya ditentukan berdasarkan nilai Inhibitory Concentration (IC50)pada panjang gelombang 516,5 nm. Kadar senyawa fenolat total ditentukan secara spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 725 nm dengan metode Folin-Ciocalteu, kadar klorofil a dan b ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri pada panjang gelombang 663 nm dan 645 nm dan kadar karotenoid diukur pada 480 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak metanol memiliki nilai IC50terkecil (113,41  ppm), diikuti ekstrak n-heksana 151,13 ppm dan ekstrak etil asetat 184,78 ppm. Kandungan total fenolat tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak metanol yaitu 21,06 mg GAE/g sampel, ekstrak n-heksana 13,27 mg GAE/g sampel dan ekstrak etil asetat 2,08 mg GAE/g sampel. Kandungan klorofil a tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak metanol yaitu 2,304  mg/g, diikuti ekstrak n-heksana 0,705 mg/g dan ekstrak etil asetat 0,64 mg/g. Kandungan klorofil b tertinggi dicapai ekstrak metanol yaitu 0,97 mg/g, ekstrak n-heksana 0,50 mgg dan ekstrak etil asetat 0,13 mg/g. Kandungan karotenoid tertinggi dicapai pada ekstrak metanol yaitu 6,49 mg GAE/g, diikuti ekstrak etil asetat (0.54 mg GAE/g) dan ekstrak n-heksana (1,37 mg GAE/g). Ekstrak metanol memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dan termasuk dalam antioksidan kategori sedang, sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat dan  n-heksana termasuk dalam  antioksidan kategori lemah.   Rhizopora mucronata is one type of mangrove that has the potential as a source of natural antioxidants. The leaves of this plant contain secondary metabolite compounds such as tannins, phenolics, chlorophyll, carotenoids and alkaloids. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of R. mucronata leaf extract. Samples were taken from Tugurejo mangrove area, Semarang and extracted successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) method and its value was determined based on Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) value at 516,5 nm wavelength. Total phenolic compound concentration was determined spectrophotometrically at 725 nm wavelength with Folin-Ciocalteu method. The levels of chlorophyll a and b was determined by spectrofotometry method at 663 nm and 645 nm wavelength and carotenoid levels were measured at 480 nm. The results showed that methanol extract had the smallest IC50 value (113,41 ppm), followed by n-hexane extract 151,13 ppm and ethyl acetate extract 184,78 ppm. The highest total phenolic content was found in methanol extract, 21.06 mg GAE / g sample, n-hexane extract 13,27 mg GAE / g sample and ethyl acetate extract 2.08 mg GAE / g sample. The highest content of chlorophyll a contained in methanol extract is 2,304 mg / g, followed by n-hexane extract 0,705 mg / g and ethyl acetate extract 0,64 mg / g. The highest content of chlorophyll b was methanol extract of 0.97 mg / g, n-hexane extract 0,50 mgg and ethyl acetate extract 0,13 mg / g. The highest carotenoid content was achieved in the methanol extract of 6.49 mg GAE / g, followed by ethyl acetate extract (0.54 mg GAE / g) and n-hexane extract (1.37 mg GAE / g). Methanol extract has the highest antioxidant activity and is included in medium category antioxidants, while ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts are included in weak category antioxidants. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2493-2497
Author(s):  
Virsa Handayani ◽  
Andi Amaliah Dahlia ◽  
Nurul Hasanah ◽  
Aulia Nur Siti Nur Aisya Amin

Kedondong laut (Nothopanax fruticosum (L.) Miq.) is a plant from the family Araliaceae. Leaves of kedondong laut useful for diuretik, analgesics, as an antidiarrheal and  arthritis. The characteristics of sea kedondong are shrubs, yellowish green, the size of small flowers are green and the fruit is greenish purple and the height of the tree reaches up to 3 meters. Extracted by stratified extraction using solvents n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol with a percent rendender for n-Hexane solvent 1.504% ethyl acetate 2.784%, ethanol 3.698%. The results showed that each extract of kedondong laut leaves (Nothopanax fructicosum (L.) Miq has antioxidant activity with IC50 value of n-hexane extract of 33.839µg/mL, ethyl acetate extract of 12.604µg/mL and ethanol extract of 2.222 µg/mL ethanol extract of kedondong laut leaves (Nothopanax fructicosum (L.) Miq) has higher antioxidant power than n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate, the total flavonoid compound content is 0.09902 gQE/g extract or 9.902%, ethyl acetate extract is equal to 0.13253 gQE /g extract or 13.253%, and 96% ethanol extract at 0.09345 gQE / g extract or 9.345%, ethyl acetate extract has a greater flavonoid content than n-hexane extract and 96% ethanol.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Trasna Arman Jani ◽  
Aliefman Hakim ◽  
Yohanes Juliantoni

Peel-Off face mask is one of the cosmetics that is used to treat skin from free radicals. Peel-off face mask can minimize the effects of free radicals because it contains antioxidant. One of the antioxidant sources is red dragon fruit’s rind (Hylocereuspolyrhizus Haw.). The aim of this study is to obtain Peel-Off face mask of red dragon fruit’s rind extract that contains anthocyanin. Red dragon fruit’s rind was macerated by ethanol 96%, ethyl acetate and n-hexane added citric acid (4:1) solvents. TLC test used Chloroform: ethyl acetate: n-butanol (5:4:1) eluent and sprayed by AlCl3. Antioxidant activity of extract was tested using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picryhidrazyl) method. Peel-Off face mask was made using PVA, HPMC, methyl paraben, propylparaben, propylenglycol, extract, ethanol 96% and aquadest. The rendemen of ethanol 96% extract was 9,476%, ethyl acetate extract was 0,783% and n-hexane extract was 0,631%. The results of TLC test showed yellow spots on the ethyl acetate and ethanol 96% extracts which indicated that extract contained flavonoids (anthocyanin). The results of antioxidant activity test showed that IC50 value of ethanol 96% extract was 189,7422 (AAI=0,2087), ethyl acetate extract was 196,9398 (AAI=0,2011), and n-hexane extract was 385,3664 (AAI=0,1027). The result of the product evaluations showed that all the formulas complied the product requirements such as the organoleptic, homogenity, pH, dispersive power and drying time. Peel-off face mask already meet the product requirements but further research is needed to test the product stability and activity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwi Mahfud Maulana

Disease cancer caused by abnormal growth of tissue where there has been an error, fast and out of control. Judging from the fact of gender, more than 270,000 women die every year caused by cervical cancer. To inhibit the growth of cancer cells, a compound is needed that causes the cell cycle to stop so that the ability of cell proliferation decreases. Alkaloid compounds can inhibit proliferation through oxidative inhibition processes that can cause cancer. Mangrove plants have potential as anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. The content of chemical compounds found in mangroves are flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenolites, saponins and tannins. These compounds show high antioxidant activity and are shown to have a real relationship with the properties of the material's bioactivity against cancer cells. One of the mangrove species is Rhizophora apiculata. The purpose of this study was to determine the IC50 value produced by Rhizophora apiculata mangrove leaf extract on HeLa cell viability and to see the effect of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove leaf extract dosage on HeLa cell viability. The method used in this research is the experimental method. The research parameters included yield, proximate test, phytochemical test, toxicity test, total phenol test, cytotoxicity test and LC-MS test. The experimental design used was a simple and complex completely randomized design (CRD) with the Tukey test.The results of this study showed that the highest yield was in the ethanol extract of 5.91%, while the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts respectively had yields of 1.18% and 1.31%. The results of the proximate test on the water content of leaves and powder were 64.53% and 13.86%, respectively, the results of the ash content in the leaves and powder of Rhizophora apiculata were 3.94% and 8.41%, respectively. while the water content in the extract obtained the highest yield in the ethanol extract of 21.42%, while the n-hexane extract and ethyl acetate extract were 11.08% and 15.42%, respectively. For phytochemical results, it was found that n-hexane extract only contained alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids. Ethyl acetate extract contains steroid compounds. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract contains the most bioactive compounds, namely saponins, flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids. The toxicity test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method resulted in the lowest IC50 of ethanol extract at 49.45 ppm while the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts were 251.63 ppm and 920.45 ppm respectively. In the total phenol test, the n-hexane extract was 66.79 mg GAE / 100 gr, 222.97 mg GAE / 100 gr ethyl acetate extract and 929.04 mg GAE / 100 gr ethanol extract. HeLa cell cytotoxicity testing using the MTT method (3- (4,5-dimethiltiazol-2-yl) -2,5-dipheniltetra zolium bromide) assay resulted in the highest cell viability value at a dose of 125 ppm of 46.97%. As for the doses of 250 ppm, 500 ppm 1000 ppm, and 2000 ppm resulted in a percentage of viability of 42.95% 37.70% 35.82% and 32.12%, respectively. The IC50 value of Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract was 64.42 ppm. This value indicates that the Rhizophora apiculata extract is toxic to HeLa cells.


KOVALEN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oktavian Mangela ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay ◽  
Musafira Musafira

The investigation about the antioxidant activity of tembelekan (Lantana camara L) leaf extract based on level polar solvent . Has been done the aim of this study was to determine the IC50 value and to know the content of antioxidant compounds from tembelekan leaf extract based on the level of polar solvent the extraction of tembelekan leaf was done with maceration method . The result showed that ethyl acetate extract of tembelekan leaf has the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value was 71,70 ppm. Keywords: Tembelekan ( Lantana Camara L ) , IC50 , Antioxidant , DPPH


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fitriyanti Jumaetri Sami ◽  
Nunuk Hariani Soekamto ◽  
Firdaus Firdaus ◽  
Jalifah Latip

This study used S. polycystum and T. deccurens were extracted with various solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol) to determine phytochemical screening and antioxidant activities. Extraction of samples by maceration method, antioxidant activity assay using the immersion method of DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl Hidrazil) measured absorption at a wavelength of 515 nm and compared with the control of antioxidant vitamin C. The results showed that antioxidant activity of the methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane extract of S. polycystum have low antioxidant activity with the value IC50 340,06, 180,54, and 502,25 mg/mL. Methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane extracts of  T. deccurens have low antioxidant activity with value IC50 491,02, 411,80, and 502,7 mg/mL. This potential is lower than vitamin C IC50 value of 1,72 mg/mL. 


KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Nur Faidah ◽  
Nurhaeni ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay ◽  
Jusman ◽  
Abd. Rahman Razak ◽  
...  

Research on the antioxidant activity of the local onion roots of Palu (Allium cepa Var Aggregatum L.) with various polarity solvents has been carried out. This study aims to determine the potential of Palu local shallot root extract as an antioxidant and determine the IC50 value of the Palu local shallot root antioxidant activity. The method applied in this research is maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The extracts from each solvent were tested for their antioxidant activity by the DPPH method. The results of the study showed that the IC50 value in n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate extract, and ethanol extract were 579.98 ppm, 518.28 ppm 315.83 ppm and as a comparison used ascorbic acid obtained IC50 of 53.69 ppm. Based on the results obtained, the best antioxidant activity is in polar solvents (ethanol extract) compared to other solvents. Keywords: Antioxidants, roots, Palu local shallots, Allium cepa Var Aggregatum L.


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