scholarly journals Mirtazapine use may increase the risk of hypothyroxinemia in patients affected by major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
Mingcan Li ◽  
Yuan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Central Hypothyroidism ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Depression Disorder

Background Hypothyroxinemia, i.e. Low free T4 with normal TSH level, which overlaps, to a great extent, with the laboratory criteria of central hypothyroidism, could be easily neglected, if attention is paid only to patients with elevated TSH. We aimed to assess the association between mirtazapine use and hypothyroxinemia in patients affected by major depressive disorder. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between January 2016 and December 2018. Patients affected by major depression disorder and admitted to the hospital for treatment during the study period and had thyroid tests at admission and after treatment were included. Patients with abnormal thyroid function at baseline or received mood stabilizers or quetiapine during hospitalization were excluded. Mirtazapine use was the exposure measure, and hypothyroxinemia was as the primary outcome of this study. Log-binomial model was used to estimate the association between mirtazapine use and hypothyroxinemia, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results A total of 220 eligible patients were included in the final analysis. Of them, 88 used mirtazapine. The incidence of hypothyroxinemia in patients who used mirtazapine was higher (37.5%) than those patients who did not use (19.7%). The relative risk of developing hypothyroxinemia was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.31-1.78) for mirtazapine use, after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion Mirtazapine use was associated with the risk of developing hypothyroxinemia. Clinicians should be aware that hypothyroxinemia may be neglected in patients treated by mirtazapine due to attention paid only to those with elevated TSH.

Augmentation strategies in the treatment of major depressive disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S407-S407
Author(s):  
S. Bise ◽  
B. Kurtovic ◽  
D. Begic ◽  
O. Cemalovic
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Augmentation Therapy ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Augmentation Strategy ◽  
Competing Interest

Augmentation strategies for the treatment of Major depressive disorder (MDD) are needed when patients with MDD have a partial, or not responded to antidepressant monotherapy. The focus of augmentation therapy has been combining an antidepressant (AD) medication with another AD. Atypical antipsychotics (AAP) are becoming commonly used to augment antidepressants. Beyond AD and AAP, alternative augmentation strategies include mood stabilizers (MS).AimTo analyze the characteristics of therapy in patients with diagnosis of MDD and to investigate the frequency of augmentation therapy.MethodStudy included 28 patients hospitalized during one year with MDD diagnosis. Statistical analysis was performed with x2 and t-test.ResultAmong patients with MDD there were 18 (64.28%) women with an average age 57.5 and 10 (35.71%) men with an average age 53.5. Of the 28 patients with MDD, 25 (89.28%) were treated with a combination therapy, and monotherapy in the remaining 3 patients (10.71%). Of 25 patients with augmentation strategy treatment, 22 (88%) used two medications and the remaining 3 (12%) tree psychotropic medications (AAP, AD, MS). The most frequent combinations were a combination of AD and AAP (17 patients, 68%). Beyond that frequent combination were AD and MS (6 patients, 24%). Two patients used combination two AAP, and one patient with two AD and one patients used AAP and MS.ConclusionAugmentation strategy is often used in patients with MDD. There is no significant difference in the use combination therapy based on gender and age.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Second messenger/signal transduction pathways in major mood disorders: moving from membrane to mechanism of action, part I: major depressive disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Niciu ◽  
Dawn F. Ionescu ◽  
Daniel C. Mathews ◽  
Erica M. Richards ◽  
Carlos A. Zarate
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Second Messenger ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Major Depressive

The etiopathogenesis and treatment of major mood disorders have historically focused on modulation of monoaminergic (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) and amino acid [γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate] receptors at the plasma membrane. Although the activation and inhibition of these receptors acutely alter local neurotransmitter levels, their neuropsychiatric effects are not immediately observed. This time lag implicates intracellular neuroplasticity as primary in the mechanism of action of antidepressants and mood stabilizers. The modulation of intracellular second messenger/signal transduction cascades affects neurotrophic pathways that are both necessary and sufficient for monoaminergic and amino acid–based treatments. In this review, we will discuss the evidence in support of intracellular mediators in the pathophysiology and treatment of preclinical models of despair and major depressive disorder (MDD). More specifically, we will focus on the following pathways: cAMP/PKA/CREB, neurotrophin-mediated (MAPK and others), p11, Wnt/Fz/Dvl/GSK3β, and NFκB/ΔFosB. We will also discuss recent discoveries with rapidly acting antidepressants, which activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and release of inhibition on local translation via elongation factor stimulation. Throughout this discourse, we will highlight potential intracellular targets for therapeutic intervention. Finally, future clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals DNA Methylation as a Biomarker of Treatment Response Variability in Serious Mental Illnesses: A Systematic Review Focused on Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Major Depressive Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charanraj Goud Alladi ◽  
Bruno Etain ◽  
Frank Bellivier ◽  
Cynthia Marie-Claire
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Meta Analyses

So far, genetic studies of treatment response in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression have returned results with limited clinical utility. A gene × environment interplay has been proposed as a factor influencing not only pathophysiology but also the treatment response. Therefore, epigenetics has emerged as a major field of research to study the treatment of these three disorders. Among the epigenetic marks that can modify gene expression, DNA methylation is the best studied. We performed a systematic search (PubMed) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA guidelines for preclinical and clinical studies focused on genome-wide and gene-specific DNA methylation in the context of schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and major depressive disorder. Out of the 112 studies initially identified, we selected 31 studies among them, with an emphasis on responses to the gold standard treatments in each disorder. Modulations of DNA methylation levels at specific CpG sites have been documented for all classes of treatments (antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants). The heterogeneity of the models and methodologies used complicate the interpretation of results. Although few studies in each disorder have assessed the potential of DNA methylation as biomarkers of treatment response, data support this hypothesis for antipsychotics, mood stabilizers and antidepressants.

scholarly journals Authorship Correction:Tracking and Monitoring Mood Stability of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder by Machine Learning Models Using Passive Digital Data: Prospective Naturalistic Multicenter Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Bai ◽  
Le Xiao ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Xuequan Zhu ◽  
Nanxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Clinical Research Center ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Machine Learning Models

UNSTRUCTURED In “Tracking and Monitoring Mood Stability of Patients With Major Depressive Disorder by Machine Learning Models Using Passive Digital Data: Prospective Naturalistic Multicenter Study” the authors noted two errors. In the originally published manuscript, there was no equal contribution footnote. This has been corrected to note that authors Ran Bai and Le Xiao all contributed equally to the manuscript. Additionally, the affiliation for authors Le Xiao, Xuequan Zhu, Nanxi Li, Lei Feng, Gang Wang was incorrectly listed as Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University The correct affiliation for these authors is: The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University

scholarly journals Effects of Antidepressive Medication on Lung Forced Expiratory Flow Rate in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-55
Author(s):  
Khandaker Nadia Afreen ◽  
Masud Imtiaz ◽  
Mahadi Abdur Rouf ◽  
Tasneema Juaira ◽  
Tahmina Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
P Value ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Antidepressive Medication

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with depressed lung function.Objectives: To observe FEF25%-75% in newly diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder patients and after three months of antidepressive medication.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January to December, 2014 to assess the lung function status in MDD patients. For this, 30 newly diagnosed MDD patients (Group B1), age 20 to 50 years were enrolled from the Department of Psychiatry of BSMMU. FEF25%-75% of all subjects were assessed by a portable digital spirometer (PONY FX, Cosmed, Italy) before and after (Group B2) three months of giving antidepressive medication. For statistical analysis, paired sample't' test was done and p value 0.05 is considered as level of significance.Results: There was no significant change found in patients taking antidepressive medication when compared between before and after three months of medication.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that there is no role in antidepressive medication in improvement of depressed lung function in major depressive disorderKYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-1, Jul 2017, Page 53-55

scholarly journals Lysophosphatidic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine levels in serum samples of patients with major depressive disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaia Bari ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Sohel Daria ◽  
Maliha Afrin Proma ◽  
Md. Rabiul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Medical University

ABSTRACTMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous condition featured with a continuous low mood, feeling of sadness, lack of interest to perform daily activities. Many factors including genetic, physiological, biological, social, and environmental are thought to be connected with the pathophysiology of depression. Several previous studies failed to identify the favorable biomarkers for MDD. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)showed important roles in the regulation of emotion among experimental animals. The current study aimed to measure the serum levels of LPA and LPC in MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) to explore their roles and relationship with depression. This case-control study enrolled 53 MDD patients and 50 healthy controls (HCs). The patients were recruited from the department of psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University whereas the controls was from different locations of Dhaka city. Both the cases and controls were strictly matched by gender, age, and body mass index. A qualified psychiatrist diagnosed patients and evaluated controls based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition. The severity of depression in MDD patients was measured by using the Hamilton depression rating scale (Ham-D). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure serum levels LPA and LPC. We found no alterations of these parameters in serum levels of MDD patients compared to HCs. A significant positive correlation was found between serum LPA and LPC levels in MDD patients. Moreover, the present study showed no significant associations between target markers and either diagnosis of depression or Ham-D scores, or management of depression. The present study suggests that LPA and LPC levels probably would not serve as potential biomarkers of MDD. Thus, further studies with large and more homogeneous populations are recommended to explore the exact relationship between targeted serum lipids and major depression.

scholarly journals Association of Reduced Lung Function With Major Depressive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-128
Author(s):  
Khandaker Nadia Afreen ◽  
Masud Imtiaz ◽  
Mahadi Abdur Rouf ◽  
Rono Mollika ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical University

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with reduced lung function.Objectives: To observe & compare FEF25%-75% in Major Depressive Disorder patients with control group.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from January to December, 2014 to assess the lung function status in newly diagnosed MDD patients. For this, 30 newly diagnosed female MDD patients (group B), aged 20 to 50 years were enrolled from the Department of Psychiatry of BSMMU. For control (group A) age, BMI, and occupation matched 30 apparently healthy females were randomly selected by personal contact. FEF25%-75% of all subjects were assessed by a portable digital spirometer (PONY FX, Cosmed, Italy). For statistical analysis, ANOVA, Independent sample‘t’ test were done and p value ?0.05 was considered as level of significance.Results: FEF25%-75%was significantly lower (p?0.001) in all MDD patients than control.Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that the ventilatory lung function is significantly reduced in newly diagnosed MDD patients.Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2017; 5(2): 126-128

scholarly journals Role of Behavioral Activation and Inhibition Systems in Symptoms of Major Depression Disorder Regarding the Mediating Role of Cognitive Bias

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Major Depression Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Depression Disorder

Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of the behavioral activation and inhibition systems in symptoms of major depressive disorder, considering the mediating role of cognitive bias. Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational research was all the students of Ahvaz Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran during the academic year 2015-16. In total, 300 students were selected using the multistage sampling method, and finally, 279 students participated in this research. Data were collected using the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems Scale, the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis, coefficient correlation, and structural equation modeling in SPSS (version 22), Lisrel (version 8.80), and Mplus (version 6.12) software. Results: The results showed that cognitive bias mediated the influence of behavioral inhibition and activation systems on depressive disorder. Based on the findings, all of the direct and indirect effects of the model were significant. The model itself had a suitable index of fit, and cognitive bias significantly affected major depressive disorder symptoms. In the final model, the direct effect of the behavioral inhibition system was added to depression. Moreover, the indirect effect of the behavioral activation system on depression was not significant. Conclusion: The proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the result and was an essential step in recognition of the significant factors of major depressive disorder. It can be useful as a model for designing stress management programs and decreasing major depression disorder.

scholarly journals Autonomic Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhury Rifat Jahan ◽  
Shelina Begum ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi ◽  
Md Moyeen Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Medical University

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity is a major problem in patients suffering from depression as greater CV mortality is found in cardiac patients with depression. Objective: To assess cardiac autonomic nerve activity by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in patients with Major Depressive disorder. Methods: This case control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka during 2011. Sixty patients of both sexes with Major Depressive disorder (MDD) aged 20-50 years were enrolled. The patients were selected from the Department of Psychiatry in Bangabandhu Sheik Mujib Medical University (BSMMU). Thirty drug naive MDD patients and thirty medicated MDD patients were compared with 30 healthy control and also between them. The HRV parameters were recorded by 4 active channels, RMS Polyrite-D. For statistical analysis independent sample t-test test was used. Results: LF norm and LF/HF were significantly higher and Total power, HF power, HF norm were significantly lower in both drug naive and medicated MDD patients in comparison with those of healthy control. Conclusion: Autonomic nerve dysfunction involved both the drug naive and medicated MDD patients which was associated with higher sympathetic activity and reduced vagal modulation of the heart and sympathovagal imbalance. Antidepressent drug treatment did not have any effect on autonomic dysfunction. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22794 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, June; 9(1): 37-41

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