scholarly journals The meaning of an infinitely great velocity         

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Constant Velocity ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Single Dimension ◽  
Principle Of Relativity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inertial Systems

Abstract  An instantaneous velocity where a moment of the clock only corresponds to an arbitrary distance or position in space cannot be implied in Axiom 1, but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence, space or time, where a certain moment only corresponds to itself specifically, not to any other time or any given length of space. Further , a definition of velocity that consists of two dimensions representing the relationship between space and time is not valid and there is only one-dimensional space or time that is independent of each other in Axiom 1. As a result, the principle of relativity and the principle of the constant velocity of light are replaced by the principle of an inertial system and the principle of universal invariant velocity in Axiom 1. Unlike two dimensions whose magnitude is determined by the ratio, the magnitude of a single dimension is determined by the unit values of one dimension, which indicates that an infinitely great velocity is meaningless. Further, if the two inertial systems are infinite versus finite in Axiom 3, then this extension of the infinitely great velocity can be defined as inextensible.

scholarly journals The meaning of an infinitely great velocity         

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Inertial System ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Principle Of Relativity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Inertial Systems

An instantaneous velocity where clock at a moment only correponds to any arbitrary distance or position of space can not be indicated in axiom 1, but it indicates that there is only one dimensional existence,space or time, where a certain moment of clock only corresponds to a specific given length of space,not to any other distance.Further,each quantity of space and time correponds only to itself. Instead of Relavity, A velocity definition that consists of two dimensions representing relationship between space and time is not valid and there is only one dimensional space or time that is independent each other in axiom 1 .As an result,the principle of relativity and Principle of constant velocity of light are replaced by the principle of inertial system of axiom 1 and principle of universal invariant velocity of axiom 1. Unlike two dimensions whose magnutide is determined by the ratio,the magnutide of single dimension is determined by the unit values of one dimension,which indicates that an infinitely great velocity is meaningless,instead of ,there is only infinitely great space of one dimension and infinitely long time of one dimension. Further,The extensions of finite quantities of two inertial system in axiom 3 must only stay in the finite range,and do not reach infinite distance. If two such inertial systems are infinite versus finite,then it is known from axiom 3 that the change of direction means infinite great and this extension of infinite great can be defined to be inextensible.

scholarly journals Assessing a Linear Nanosystem's Limiting Reliability from its Components

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 879-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
Fixed Moment ◽  
Nanosized Systems

Nanosystems are devices that are in the size range of a billionth of a meter (1 x 10-9) and therefore are built necessarily from individual atoms. The one-dimensional nanosystems or linear nanosystems cover all the nanosized systems which possess one dimension that exceeds the other two dimensions, i.e. extension over one dimension is predominant over the other two dimensions. Here only two of the dimensions have to be on the nanoscale (less than 100 nanometers). In this paper we consider the structural relationship between a linear nanosystem and its atoms acting as components of the nanosystem. Using such information, we then assess the nanosystem's limiting reliability which is, of course, probabilistic in nature. We consider the linear nanosystem at a fixed moment of time, say the present moment, and we assume that the present state of the linear nanosystem depends only on the present states of its atoms.

Footpaths of the Late-Soviet Environmental Turn: The “Forest City” of Novosibirsk’s Akademgorodok as a Sociotechnical Imaginary

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-313
Author(s):  
Roman Bugaev ◽  
Mikhail Piskunov ◽  
Timofey Rakov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Visual Perspective ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Soviet Science ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Green Ideas ◽  
Human Flora ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Abstract The founding of Akademgorodok near Novosibirsk in the late 1950s features prominently in the historiography of the Thaw and the general turn of Soviet science to the eastern parts of the country. This article puts this story into the context of the formation of modern “green” ideas in the late Soviet Union and reconsiders the relationship between humans and nature, along with the definition of nature itself. Akademgorodok produced a telling visual perspective: the architectural plan for the city dictated that its scientific, industrial, and living zones were drowned deep in the taiga. Architects named this type of urban planning “diffusive,” and memoirists described it as a “Forest City.” Using the term of Sheila Jasanoff, we designate this “Forest City” as a sociotechnical imaginary of Akademgorodok. Our aim is to study the historical roots of the “Forest City” and how it became a collective imaginary. How did it happen that in the 1950s and 1960s, when the “faces” of Soviet cities were defined by districts of standard panel houses, that a city was built near Novosibirsk in which so much attention was given to pre-human flora, fauna, and landscapes? What ideas and intellectual contexts composed the concept of Akademgorodok as a “Forest City”? Our answer possesses two dimensions. First, the rejection of the use of decorative elements in housing construction in the post-Stalin epoch stimulated architects to pay more attention to the greening of cities. They revived the concept of a “garden city” proposed by Ebenezer Howard on a new level. Second, the evolution of the ideas of Mikhail Lavrentyev, the founder of Akademgorodok, who upon arrival in Siberia applied the productivist program manifested in the slogan “Siberia is a treasure of resources,” but later changed his opinion to more “green” views under the influence of the so-called “Baikal Discussion.” The viewpoints of Lavrentyev influenced the design of this “center” of Siberian science, and then he formulated the idea of a “Forest City.” These contexts enable the utopian horizons and the search for models of a constructed future that were typical of the Thaw era to reflect upon the important challenges of the contemporary Anthropocene.

scholarly journals COUNTRY MATTERS: WELL-BEING AND EMIGRATION PLANS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SLOVAKIA AND BULGARIA: THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF ROOTEDNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Frederika Lučanská ◽  
◽  
Oľga Orosová ◽  
Vihra Naydenova ◽  
Jozef Benka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between well-being, rootedness and emigration plans (EP) among university students in Slovakia and Bulgaria. It also explored the mediation effect of rootedness in the relationship between well-being and EP. The data were collected throughan online survey (SLiCE 2016). The research sample consisted of 361 university students (M=22.4 years, SD=3.8) from Slovakia (141, 86.5% female) and Bulgaria (220, 69.1% female). Based on their emigration plans, the respondentswere dividedinto two groups;those who do not plan to leave (n=218, 60.4%) and those who plan to leave in the long term (n=143, 39.6%) after they finish university. ForSlovakia, all factors were significantly related toEP. Furthermore, the association between well-being and EP was fully mediated by two dimensions of rootedness with different psychological mechanisms. For Bulgaria, only well-being and onedimension of rootedness,desire for change,were significantly related to EP. It was also found that the association between well-being and EP was partially mediated by only one dimension of rootedness –desire for change. This study highlightsthat rootedness hasa different relationship with other examined factorsin different countries and also that it is necessary to respect the cultural and socio-economic featuresof acountry.

Development of a Spray-Coated Tactile Sensor – Prototype and Modeling of 2D Sensor on Cylindrical Surface –

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 882-893
Author(s):  
Kouki Sato ◽  
Luis Canete ◽  
Takayuki Takahashi ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Cylindrical Surface ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Contact Position ◽  
Spray Gun

The objective of this study is to extend the application of the spray-coated tactile sensor, ScoTacS, which is being developed by the authors and can be constructed simply by “coating” with a spray gun, from one dimension to two dimensions, and further to configure it into various shapes such as a ring. This sensor is constructed by coating three layers-conductive, piezoelectric, and resistive films-in sequence. It is based on a unique principle by which the contact position is detected from the delay time, i.e., the time difference between the arrivals of peaks in the output signals. As the delay time varies with the contact position, it can be used to estimate the contact position. In this paper, after analyzing the characteristics of one-dimensional sensors, such as linear and ring sensors, we present the equivalent circuit models and experimental results of a two-dimensional sensor fully coated on a cylinder.

One-Dimensional Softening With Localization

1986 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard L. Schreyer ◽  
Z. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Constitutive Equation ◽  
Strain Gradient ◽  
Model Problem ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Limit Stress ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between material softening and structural softening is investigated through the use of a model problem in one dimension. If the size of the softening zone is large the structural softening response is stable under displacement-prescribed loading. For a small size, the softening response is unstable and the loading regime is sensitive to imperfections in stiffness. A nonlocal constitutive equation in which the limit stress is a function of strain and strain gradient is introduced to provide an approach for simulating softening with localization. Implications for the numerical modeling of softening phenomena are given.

A Research Note on Accounting Students' Epistemological Beliefs, Study Strategies, and Unstructured Problem-Solving Performance

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Epistemological Beliefs ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Study Strategies ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Student Beliefs ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Relationship

In a previous study, Phillips (1998) observed that accounting students possess several dimensions of beliefs about the nature of knowledge, and provided evidence that one of the belief dimensions (i.e., that knowledge is uncertain) was related to a component of unstructured problem-solving performance (i.e., evaluating the relevance of case facts). Phillips (1998) also proposed that the relationship between students' beliefs and unstructured problem solving was mediated by their study strategies, but did not test this proposition. The current study replicates the belief dimensions observed by Phillips (1998) and examines the empirical relationship among students' beliefs, study strategies, GPAs, and unstructured problemsolving performance. Results indicate that one dimension of beliefs (i.e., that knowledge is complex) was associated with a dimension of study strategies (i.e., consolidating knowledge) and that these two dimensions were related to cumulative GPA and, after controlling for GPA, with a component of unstructured problem-solving performance (i.e., consolidating analyses). These findings, in conjunction with the results reported by Phillips (1998), are consistent with the theory that performance on an unstructured problem depends, in part, on the degree to which student beliefs and study strategies match the features of an “ideal” solution for the problem. This theory helps to explain how two equally knowledgeable students can differ in how they cope with unstructured problem solving, with one insisting on simple answers and the other remaining open to complex and integrative solutions.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE EFFECT OF INTERNET MARKETING ORIENTATION, LEARNING ORIENTATION AND MARKET ORIENTATION ON INNOVATIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE: SME (EXPORTERS) PERSPECTIVES

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S257-S278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzalita A. Aziz ◽  
Nor Asiah Omar
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Internet Marketing ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Customer Focus ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Marketing Orientation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

This study explores the relationship between Internet Marketing Orientation, Market Orientation, Learning Orientation, Innovation Capabilities and Performance. The study also investigates the role of Internet Marketing Orientation integration in the linkage between Market Orientation-Innovativeness and Learning Orientation-Innovativeness. From an analysis of usable survey data from 101 Bumiputera SMEs-Exporters, three dimensions of Market Orientation (Customer Focus, Inter-Functional Coordination, Information Dissemination), two dimensions of Learning Orientation (Shared Knowledge, and Vision and Commitment to Learning), one dimension of Internet Marketing Orientation and one dimension of Innovation Capabilities and Performance are extracted from the factor analysis results. The results of regression analysis show that Customer Focus, Shared Knowledge and Vision, and Internet Marketing Orientation directly influenced SMEs’ Innovation Capabilities. However, Internet Marketing Orientation is more influential in developing innovation capabilities among SMEs compared to others. While, Shared Knowledge and Vision is the crucial factor in enhancing the business performance among SME (exporters). The relationship among a firm's Internet Marketing Orientation, Learning Orientation, Market Orientation and Innovation Capabilities and Performance are considered a crucial research area in developing countries. The implications for Malaysian SMEs are discussed.

scholarly journals Research on the Fundamental Principles and Characteristics of Correspondence Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xiangru Li ◽  
Guanghui Wang ◽  
Q. M. Jonathan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Correct Point ◽  
Matrix Similarity ◽  
Vector Valued Functions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vector Valued

The correspondence function (CF) is a concept recently introduced to reject the mismatches from given putative correspondences. The fundamental idea of the CF is that the relationship of some corresponding points between two images to be registered can be described by a pair of vector-valued functions, estimated by a nonparametric regression method with more flexibility than the normal parametric model, for example, homography matrix, similarity transformation, and projective transformations. Mismatches are rejected by checking their consistency with the CF. This paper proposes a visual scheme to investigate the fundamental principles of the CF and studies its characteristics by experimentally comparing it with the widely used parametric model epipolar geometry (EG). It is shown that the CF describes the mapping from the points in one image to their corresponding points in another image, which enables a direct estimation of the positions of the corresponding points. In contrast, the EG acts by reducing the search space for corresponding points from a two-dimensional space to a line, which is a problem in one-dimensional space. As a result, the undetected mismatches of the CF are usually near the correct corresponding points, but many of the undetected mismatches of the EG are far from the correct point.

Force Analysis of Magnetic Levitation Micromotion Stage

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 1562-1565
Author(s):  
Yong Lei ◽  
Er Jin Gao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Constant Height ◽  
Motion Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This A new method of magnetic levitation micromotion of AC / DC hybrid driving is presented in this paper presents, and a new magnetic levitation micromotion stage has been designed, which can be realized that the motion stage translationally motions, respectively along the three directions x-axis, y-axis, z-axis, and rotates respectively around the three directionsθxθyθz, namely, the micro-motion in the six-dimensional space of freedom, as well as the micro movement of the constant height. Force analysis has been carried out on the micromotion stage, and the relationship curve between the winding current and the air gap, as well as the force of the micromotion stage, has been drawn. Finally, the stability in the open-loop state and one-dimensional micro-movement of the magnetic levitation micromotion stage have been tested. According to the simulation result of the stability ,it shows that the stability of the magnetic levitation micromotion stage can be achieved at the equilibrium position, and according to the simulation result of the one-dimensional micro-movement ,it shows that the motion range whthin 50mm along the direction of x-axis can substantially coincide with the theoretical analysis. The feasibility of the design presented in this paper of the magnetic levitation micromotion stage can be validated by the simulation result of the stability and one-dimensional micro-movement.

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