scholarly journals Hydrological alteration: the missing dimension of water in wastewater treatment plants. The case of the Manzanares River in Madrid (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Pérez-Andrés ◽  
Carolina Martínez-Santamaría ◽  
Fernando Magdaleno ◽  
Roberto Martínez-Romero ◽  
José Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Hydrologic Alteration ◽  
Flow Alteration ◽  
The Status ◽  
Water Volumes

The effects of the discharge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) on the status of rivers have most commonly been focused on water quality. A very limited number of works have characterised the ability of treatment plants to modify flow patterns in the receiving rivers. This paper presents a methodology for the assessment of the hydrologic alteration caused by WWTP discharges, over a two-fold sequence. The first phase comprises the application of indicators derived from accessible data and informative of the capacity of treatment plants to produce significant flow alterations. The second phase, which may only be carried out when flow data in the receiving river is available, is based on the indicators of hydrologic alteration provided by the free software IAHRIS (6 indicators) and IHA (2 indicators), and on a new indicator proposed in this paper to obtain information of flow alteration at seasonal and monthly time scales. The procedure suggested in this work is applied to the Manzanares River (Central Spain), allowing the quantification of the flow alteration generated by the 12 WWTP which give service to Madrid city (3.8 million inhabitants): Large increases of annual water volumes (from 108 hm3 to 410 hm3); at a monthly scale (increase from 246% to 1516%); variability in flow decreases in wet years by up to 47% and increases in dry years by up to 380%; seasonal patterns is altered within an altered regime. Results of the analysis show: (i) the ability of the proposed methodology to characterise the modification of flow patterns due to WWTP discharges; (ii) the importance of assessing such changes when evaluating the environmental impact of treatment plants; (iii) the importance of designing preventive and mitigation measures which maintain the ecological integrity of river ecosystems in the receiving channels.

scholarly journals An evaluation of microplastics fate in the wastewater treatment plants: frequency and removal of microplastics by microfiltration membrane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Yahyanezhad ◽  
Mohammad Javad Bardi ◽  
Hassan Aminirad
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Microfiltration Membrane ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
A Minor

Abstract In this research, the fate and removal of microplastics (MPs) entering and leaving in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated. Additionally, the application of microfiltration membrane technique for MPs removal were evaluated. In the first phase, the quantity, type and size of the MPs were studied from three different points of the WWTP. The results showed that the average amount of MPs entered into the WWTP, accumulated in thesludge matrix and discharged from the effluent were 206, 183 and 94 MP/L, respectively. The MPs were observed mainly in the forms of fiber, pellet, and fragment, with a proportion of 35%, 39, 22, and 34%, 22, 38, and 31%, 39%, 37.7% in the influent, effluent and sludge of the WWTP, respectively. It should be noted, a minor amount of foam (2%) and film (0.3%) was also observed. The particle size distribution of the MPs in the effluent of the system was almost identical (6–14% for 1–5,000 μm), while the influent mostly contained the particles within 1–100 μm (above 26%) with other particle sizes within 100–5,000 μm (8–17%). Particle size within a range of 500–5,000 μm was abundant in the sludge. In the second phase, a micro-filtration (MF) membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm was applied to eliminate the MPs from the effluent of WWTP. It was observed the application of MF membrane technique could achieve MPs removal efficiency up to 98% in the effluent of the system.

Status and future trends of ICA in wastewater treatment – a European perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jeppsson ◽  
J. Alex ◽  
M.N. Pons ◽  
H. Spanjers ◽  
P.A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Time Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
On Line

The status of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) within the European wastewater community is reviewed and some major incentives and bottlenecks are defined. Future trends of ICA are also discussed. The information is based on a COST 624 workshop and a non-exhaustive survey with regard to ICA carried out in 13 European countries during March 2001. The level of instrumentation (type of sensors, usage frequency, etc.) and how these instruments are used for on-line control purposes are presented for each individual country (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). The most common types of applied real-time control in wastewater treatment plants are given. One conclusion of the paper is that sensors no longer represent the main bottleneck for on-line control, rather the lack of plant flexibility is more troublesome. Moreover, the current transitional phase of the wastewater industry in Europe represents a unique opportunity to apply ICA on a large scale. The driving forces are simply too strong to ignore.

Joint operation of small wastewater treatment plants in southern Turkey

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Z. Sarikaya ◽  
M.F. Sevimli ◽  
I. Koyuncu ◽  
E. Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Joint Operation ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
The Status ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Developed Countries

In this study, joint operation of several small wastewater treatment plants (SWWTPs) by the same operation company is proposed to avoid operational problems such as unqualified personnel, inadequate maintenance and laboratory services. Some case studies from Antalya province of Turkey are presented. Several SWWTPs are operated by the companies formed with the proportional shares of the owners such as ALTAS and TURAS. The performance data of the five treatment plants operated by ALTAS and two treatment plants operated by TURAS are presented. The status of wastewater treatment with emphasis on the small sized plants is also presented and evaluated. The percentage of small settlements served with sewer and wastewater treatment facilities is very low (3%) indicating that high volumes of investment are needed to increase the level of service to those of the developed countries. At present, the total number of the treatment plants in Antalya region is 409 with capacities ranging from 73 to 175 m3d-1. Package activated sludge type SWWPs built especially in the coastal regions meet the local effluent standards.

scholarly journals Urban Wastewater Treatment in African Countries: Evidence from the Hydroaid Initiative

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12828
Author(s):  
Marco Ravina ◽  
Sergio Galletta ◽  
Augustin Dagbetin ◽  
Omama Ahmed Hussein Kamaleldin ◽  
Madalitso Mng’ombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Training Project ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

This study is based on the evidence collected during the “Technical e-Learning Course on Wastewater Treatment”, an international training project developed in 2020 in Italy by the Hydroaid Association, in collaboration with Turin Polytechnic. This work intended to address the sustainability of urban sanitation in various African countries, which the world of international cooperation has been looking at in recent years with growing interest. A comparative analysis of the current strategies and technological solutions was conducted. Data and information reported by the project participants were elaborated and verified. Four African countries—Benin, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Malawi—were considered and two relevant case studies among those proposed by the participants were presented. Starting from this analysis, significant elements about the status and coverage of wastewater management were extracted and reported. The analysis of existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) allowed evaluating their design features and current status of operation. Considerations about the environmental, economic, social, and technical sustainability of wastewater treatment and management were finally reported. Conducting such an analysis provided support in identifying the best practices and the most recurrent problems linked to the various African contexts, which need to be considered for a complete definition of the planning strategy for accessible, efficient, and sustainable sanitation infrastructures.

scholarly journals Impact of Urbanisation on New Zealand Freshwater Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalyan Chakravarthy ◽  
Frances Charters ◽  
Thomas A. Cochrane
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Urban Waterways ◽  
Run Off

Urban waterways represent less than 1% of the total river length in New Zealand. However, they are the most visible of all rivers, as 86% of New Zealanders live in urban areas. Urban waterways are impaired due to elevated levels of pathogens, turbidity, nutrients and heavy metals originating from anthropogenic activities. In addition to being conduits of storm water run-off from urban areas, some urban waterways also receive discharges from wastewater treatment plants and combined sewage overflows, thus greatly reducing their capacity to provide ecosystem services such as recreation, tourism, biodiversity and mahinga kai. This article summarises the state of New Zealand’s urban freshwater quality, the major drivers of pollution, and mitigation measures needed to restore urban waterways.

Analysis and balance of phosphorous removal from wastewater at urban wastewater treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Peter Lukac ◽  
Lubos Jurik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Mean

Abstract:Phosphorus is a major substance that is needed especially for agricultural production or for the industry. At the same time it is an important component of wastewater. At present, the waste management priority is recycling and this requirement is also transferred to wastewater treatment plants. Substances in wastewater can be recovered and utilized. In Europe (in Germany and Austria already legally binding), access to phosphorus-containing sewage treatment is changing. This paper dealt with the issue of phosphorus on the sewage treatment plant in Nitra. There are several industrial areas in Nitra where record major producers in phosphorus production in sewage. The new wastewater treatment plant is built as a mechanicalbiological wastewater treatment plant with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, sludge regeneration, an anaerobic zone for biological phosphorus removal at the beginning of the process and chemical phosphorus precipitation. The sludge management is anaerobic sludge stabilization with heating and mechanical dewatering of stabilized sludge and gas management. The aim of the work was to document the phosphorus balance in all parts of the wastewater treatment plant - from the inflow of raw water to the outflow of purified water and the production of excess sludge. Balancing quantities in the wastewater treatment plant treatment processes provide information where efficient phosphorus recovery could be possible. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. There are also two outflows - drainage of cleaned water to the recipient - the river Nitra - 9.9 kg Ptot/day and Ptot content in sewage sludge - about 120.3 kg Ptot/day - total 130.2 kg Ptot/day.

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