Status and future trends of ICA in wastewater treatment – a European perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jeppsson ◽  
J. Alex ◽  
M.N. Pons ◽  
H. Spanjers ◽  
P.A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Time Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
On Line

The status of instrumentation, control and automation (ICA) within the European wastewater community is reviewed and some major incentives and bottlenecks are defined. Future trends of ICA are also discussed. The information is based on a COST 624 workshop and a non-exhaustive survey with regard to ICA carried out in 13 European countries during March 2001. The level of instrumentation (type of sensors, usage frequency, etc.) and how these instruments are used for on-line control purposes are presented for each individual country (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland). The most common types of applied real-time control in wastewater treatment plants are given. One conclusion of the paper is that sensors no longer represent the main bottleneck for on-line control, rather the lack of plant flexibility is more troublesome. Moreover, the current transitional phase of the wastewater industry in Europe represents a unique opportunity to apply ICA on a large scale. The driving forces are simply too strong to ignore.

Improvement of a recirculating plant by introducing star control

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinus K. Nielsen ◽  
Tine B. Önnerth
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Dynamic Identification ◽  
Time Control ◽  
On Line

During the last 20 years, control of wastewater treatment plants has developed from very simple to advanced computer control methods based on on-line measurements. Fortunately, both on-line equipment and computer system technology are still developing fast and have become applicable at WWTPs. The use of on-line measurements for real time control is advantageous at most plants over 15.000 personal equivalent performing biological nutrient removal. Control strategies have demonstrated their efficiency at several Scandinavian wastewater treatment plants. Experience shows that the applied control strategies are efficient and robust for practical implementation, provide savings in energy and chemical consumption and decreases the nitrogen content in the effluent. Experience from a recirculating BNR plant using the STAR concept for advanced real time control is described. The on-line nutrient measurements and excitation of the processes through control strategies have improved the process understanding. Control has reduced the consumption of energy by about 30% and eliminated the need for external carbon addition, as well as improved the effluent quality of total nitrogen from the plant. The new measurements and data handling methods will make it possible to perform dynamic identification of activity in recirculating plants (Nielsen et.al., 1994), and hence give information as to which control strategies improve the biomass activity or favour desired cultures of micro-organisms.

scholarly journals Smart Health and Safety Equipment Monitoring System for Distributed Workplaces

Computers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabbar Al-Dulaimi ◽  
John Cosmas ◽  
Maysam Abbod
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Safety Monitoring ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Safety Monitoring System ◽  
The Status ◽  
On Line ◽  
Smart Health ◽  
Control And Monitoring System

This paper presents a design and prototype of an IoT-based health and safety monitoring system using MATLAB GUI. This system, which is called the Smart Health and Safety Monitoring System, is aimed at reducing the time, cost and manpower requirements of distributed workplaces. The proposed system is a real-time control and monitoring system that can access on-line the status of consumable devices in the workplace via the internet and prioritise the critically high location that need replenishing. The system dynamically updates the status of all location, such as first aid boxes, earplug dispensers and fire extinguishers. Simulation results of the proposed system gives shorter path, time and cost in comparison to manual maintenance systems.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Simplified Quality Model Performance

10.29007/71p3 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Feng ◽  
Congcong Sun ◽  
Gabriela Cembrano ◽  
Vicenç Puig
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Study Results

During the last few years, the integrated real-time control (RTC) of both the urban sewer network and the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), has attracted increasingly attention. In order to apply integrated RTC control approach efficiently considering both the hydraulic and quality variables, models, simplified conceptual quality modelling approaches are required. This paper presents research work based on simplified water quality models in sewers, which have been developed in the European project LIFE EFFIDRAIN (Efficient Integrated Real-time Control in Urban Drainage and Wastewater Treatment Plants for Environmental Protection). The contribution of this paper is to analyze the potential factors that would influence the performance of the proposed modelling approach and consequently the corresponding integrated RTC control. A real sewer pilot the Perinot sewer network has been used as case study. Results and conclusions have been provided which would be useful for the users of these models.

Managing risks in advanced wastewater treatment plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hauser ◽  
K. Sathrugnan ◽  
F. Roedler
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Definition Of

Water scarcity, water pollution control measures and protection of the aquatic environment are major driving forces to develop effective and efficient wastewater management strategies. Today, our objectives in wastewater management are far away from just treatment, but rather to integrate water reclamation, energy and material recovery. Only the integration of water, energy and material allows truly sustainable solutions. Though the concepts and technologies are principally available, these integrated solutions are still not deployed on a large scale. One major inhibitor of realizing such holistic solutions with their increased complexity is the uncertainty of the related risks, which can be technical, economic, financial and/or socio-cultural. This paper presents a risk management framework to identify, quantify and ultimately manage the implied risks in complex wastewater treatment plants. The key components of this framework are stakeholder involvement, scientific knowledge, data analysis, technology management and definition of performance goals.

Implementation of a wastewater treatment plant operation support tool based on on-line simulation

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jumar ◽  
R. Tschepetzki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Cost

The operators of modern wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are faced with increasing demands. Beyond the requirement to consistently meet discharge limits for pollutant loads, the cost efficiency of plant operation is becoming more and more important. This results in new challenges for automatic control and human control action. On-line simulation opens up interesting perspectives to provide comprehensive process information, serving as a base for optimised operation of WWTPs. This paper describes the development and application of a computer analysis and support tool for the large-scale municipal WWTP of the city of Magdeburg, Germany. It will show that by linking a simulation server to the Distributed Control System (DCS) relevant additional features for plant control arise. A good cost-benefit ratio of the system is achieved by using web techniques for implementing the software.

Application of CMAC-PID Controller Based FPGA in the Wastewater Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 2095-2099
Author(s):  
Lin Li ◽  
Yi Xian Shan ◽  
Hai Tao Shi ◽  
Xin Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Excellent Control

PID controllers are widely used in the Wastewater treatment plants. However the existence of the control disturbance and measurement error may greatly reduce the controller's stabilization, and even lead the control to failure. In order to improve the performance capacity, a new compound control method based on the cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) is proposed. We adapt the traditional PID controller to realize the feedback control and CMAC controller to realize the feed forward control. For real-time control, Altera Nios II FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is employed to construct a hardware-in-the-loop system through writing C and VHDL codes on this FPGA.The control results revealed the compound CMAC-PID controller had excellent control performance such as systemic stability, disturbance resistance, fast response rate and small overshoot. It can be concluded that the compound controller is robust, self adaptive and effective.

Nitrogen Removal in a Real-Time Controlled Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Nan Chang ◽  
Li-Ling Lee ◽  
Han-Hsien Huang ◽  
Ying-Chih Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
On Line ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation

The performance of a real-time controlled Sequencing Batch Membrane Bioreactor (SBMBR) for removing organic matter and nitrogen from synthetic wastewater has been investigated in this study under two specific ammonia loadings of 0.0086 and 0.0045g NH4+-N gVSS−1 day−1. Laboratory results indicate that both COD and DOC removal are greater than 97.5% (w/w) but the major benefit of using membrane for solid-liquid separation is that the effluent can be decanted through the membrane while aeration is continued during the draw stage. With a continued aeration, the sludge cake layer is prevented from forming thus alleviating the membrane clogging problem in addition to significant nitrification activities observed in the draw stage. With adequate aeration in the oxic stage, the nitrogen removal efficiency exceeding 99% can be achieved with the SBMBR system. Furthermore, the SBMBR system has also been used to study the occurrence of ammonia valley and nitrate knee that can be used for real-time control of the biological process. Under appropriate ammonia loading rates, applicable ammonia valley and nitrate knee are detected. The real-time control of the SBMBR can be performed based on on-line ORP and pH measurements.

Bottlenecks in the Implementation of On-Site Wastewater Treatment Plants on a Large Scale in The Netherlands

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Frits A. Fastenau ◽  
Jaap H. J. M. van der Graaf ◽  
Gerard Martijnse
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Definition Of

More than 95 % of the total housing stock in the Netherlands is connected to central sewerage systems and in most cases the wastewater is treated biologically. As connection to central sewerage systems has reached its economic limits, interest in on-site treatment of the domestic wastewater of the remaining premises is increasing. A large scale research programme into on-site wastewater treatment up to population equivalents of 200 persons has therefore been initiated by the Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment. Intensive field-research work did establish that the technological features of most on-site biological treatment systems were satisfactory. A large scale implementation of these systems is however obstructed in different extents by problems of an organisational, financial and/or juridical nature and management difficulties. At present research is carried out to identify these bottlenecks and to analyse possible solutions. Some preliminary results are given which involve the following ‘bottlenecks':-legislation: absence of co-ordination and absence of a definition of ‘surface water';-absence of subsidies;-ownership: divisions in task-setting of Municipalities and Waterboards; divisions involved with cost-sharing;-inspection; operational control and maintenance; organisation of management;-discharge permits;-pollution levy;-sludge disposal. Final decisions and practical elaboration of policies towards on-site treatment will have to be formulated in a broad discussion with all the authorities and interest groups involved.

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