scholarly journals War and Apocalypse Metaphors in Media Discourse on the Pandemic and Earthquake in Croatia 2020/2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Stjepan Lacković ◽  
Mateja Šporčić ◽  
Marina Baralić
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Critical Metaphor Analysis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way ◽  
Research Studies

The way we talk about complex and abstract ideas is abundant in metaphors. Many research studies have shown that even the most subtle metaphor can have a significant influence on the way people try to tackle various social problems. Thus, the assumption is that metaphors are not just a simple rhetorical tool, but also have a profound effect on how we conceptualize reality and respond to important social issues. In the last two decades, scientists have studied the impact of metaphorical framing on political discourse from different research perspectives. Metaphors are often used for framing political topics, and these metaphorical frames are considered to affect the way people regard these issues, perceive the world, and act, on both the individual and collective level. In accordance with these research studies, in this paper, we will regard the metaphor as a cognitive tool that classifies our conceptual system and enables the understanding of our experiences. The objective of this paper is to examine the use of conceptual metaphors in media discourse on the corona crisis and the earthquake crisis caused by the quake in Petrinja. The research was conducted in three steps, following the methodology of critical metaphor analysis (Charteris-Black, 2004). In the first step, the identification of metaphorical expressions was performed by using a big data corpus of articles published by Croatian web-portals from the beginning of the pandemic (from January 2020 to April 2021) and after the Petrinja earthquake (from 29 December 2020). In the second step, the dominant conceptual metaphors employed in communicating the two crises were interpreted. The results of this interpretation are that war metaphors are ubiquitous in reporting on the COVID-19 disease pandemic, and the apocalypse metaphor is used in reporting on the earthquake. In the third step of the analysis, the reasons and implications of the occurrence of these metaphors are explained.

The allied health collective

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-56
Author(s):  
Susan Nancarrow ◽  
Alan Borthwick
Keyword(s):  
Allied Health ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Allied Health Professions ◽  
Professional Project ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Professional ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the concept of allied health as a confederation of constituent professions. We examine: the way that different jurisdictions define the allied health collective; the rationale for those groupings; and the impact of inclusion (or otherwise) of the groupings on the individual professional project of specific allied health professions. Concepts that will be explored include the considerations around a heterogeneous group of occupations attempting to work together to achieve a single professional project. It also also explores the international contexts of the allied health professions and the relevance of the specific comparisons between Australia and the UK.

scholarly journals Metaphor in media language and cognition: A perspective from conceptual metaphor theory

Lege Artis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kövecses
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Media ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
The Way

Abstract I discuss three large issues relating to media language. (1) How does conceptual metaphor theory affect the way we see the conceptual system that characterizes the main participants of communication in the media? (2) How do conceptual metaphors structure the language (and thought) used by the media? (3) Is the metaphorical mind of the participants of media communication a “self-contained” mind immune to the influence of context or is it affected by it?

scholarly journals Psycho-Social Issues in Mine Emergencies: The Impact on the Individual, the Organization and the Community

Minerals ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-168
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Kowalski-Trakofler ◽  
Charles Vaught
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

IMPACT OF LITERACY ON ORAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING: IMPLICATIONS FOR SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION RESEARCH

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 77-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Tarone ◽  
Martha Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Illiterate Adults ◽  
The Way

In this chapter we describe a body of research on oral language processing that we believe has important implications for applied linguistics. This research documents the effects of literacy on human oral language processing. Studies in this area show that illiterate adults significantly differ from literate adults in their performance of oral processing tasks that require an awareness of linguistic segments. These studies provide evidence that the acquisition of the ability to decode an alphabetic script changes the way in which the individual processes oral language in certain kinds of cognitive tasks. At the same time, based on research establishing a clear reciprocal relationship between oral language processing skills and literacy, researchers on first language acquisition are extending the scope of their study to explore the way in which an individual's language competence is altered and extended by literacy itself. In this discussion, we describe the broad outlines of this new body of research and scholarship, and explore the implications for our understanding of second-language acquisition, and particularly for theories and research that explore the impact of “noticing” on SLA. We conclude by stressing the social and theoretical importance of including clearly-identified illiterate adults in our growing database on second language acquisition research.

scholarly journals The value of the patient and public contribution to cancer research UK’s review of covid-19 impact on its clinical research portfolio

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Croudass ◽  
Richard Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Laboratory Science ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Background In July 2020 Cancer Research UK undertook a rapid review of the studies in its clinical research portfolio to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The review examined over 160 research studies funded by the charity, and in keeping with its usual practice, the charity involved patient/public contributors in the review process. Main body Cancer Research UK (CRUK) spends over £450 million pa on research, including clinical trials, tissue collections, laboratory science and biomarker studies. It has involved patient/public contributors in clinical research funding decisions for ten years, recruiting volunteers from the National Cancer Research Institute’s (NCRI) Consumer Forum. The NCRI is a partnership of funders, including the 4 UK governments and major charities such as CRUK. Its Consumer Forum is a group of volunteers with personal experience of cancer as patients or carers, who are trained for and experienced in working on national strategic bodies as well as on individual research studies. The CRUK whole-portfolio review was held over a two-week period in a series of online meetings. A pair from the team of patient/public contributors was included in each meeting, and they made comments on every application reviewed as well as participating in reaching decisions. Conclusions The process not only demonstrated CRUK’s continued commitment to involving patient/public contributors in their funding decisions, but also provided an opportunity for these contributors to take a holistic view of processes to inform future patient/public contribution in the charity’s work, as well as to influence the decisions about the individual studies being reviewed.

What a great idea! Someone should evaluate that...

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Rural Health ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Organisational Support ◽  
Great Idea ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reflective Narrative ◽  
The Way

How often, as clinicians, do we see a really clever idea implemented in the workplace? In rural health in particular, creative work-around solutions are relatively commonplace. However, the evaluation and promotion of these ideas is less so, and this leads to lost opportunities for perpetuating these clever ideas. This paper explores one rural clinician’s experience of what can happen if, instead of appreciating and complementing a great idea, that step of evaluating the great idea is taken. A reflective narrative was created, beginning with a corridor conversation (‘What a great idea! Someone should evaluate that…’), continuing through a formal research project and ending with the impact of that project and the way its findings were communicated and implemented. The narrative outlines the effect of evaluating one great idea at the individual, workplace, organisational, state and national levels. Clinicians are well placed to identify great ideas in practice. Making the decision to evaluate these ideas can lead to personal growth, professional discovery and organisational benefits. With motivation and organisational support, who knows where evaluation may lead?

scholarly journals The Little Entente in Russian Historiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Martyushev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
European Politics ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way ◽  
Research Studies

The research studies the Little Entente – the alliance formed by Czechoslovakia, Rumania, and Yugoslavia – and the impact it existed on the European politics during the Interbellum. The present paper focuses upon the way the Little Entente was described in domestic historiography. The author believes that Soviet historians concentrated mainly on the final stage of the alliance's existence. In that period, Germany was strengthening its positions in Central and South-Eastern Europe. Soviet historians paid attention to the growing disagreement between the members of the alliance associated with the activities of Germany, the USSR, and France in the region. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russian historians continued to develop the topics but gave more attention to the period of the formation of the Little Entente as a military bloc. Russian historians were more positive in their assessments of the alliance's activities related to its class characteristics and anti-Soviet character.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Hierarchical switching in a multi-dimensional task space is not induced by specific task cues

2001 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kleinsorge ◽  
Herbert Heuer ◽  
Volker Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Specific Task ◽  
Task Space ◽  
Basic Pattern ◽  
Task Representation ◽  
Switching Mechanism ◽  
Factorial Combination ◽  
Individual Task ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

Summary. When participants have to shift between four tasks that result from a factorial combination of the task dimensions judgment (numerical vs. spatial) and mapping (compatible vs. incompatible), a characteristic profile of shift costs can be observed that is suggestive of a hierarchical switching mechanism that operates upon a dimensionally ordered task representation, with judgment on the top and the response on the bottom of the task hierarchy ( Kleinsorge & Heuer, 1999 ). This switching mechanism results in unintentional shifts on lower levels of the task hierarchy whenever a shift on a higher level has to be performed, leading to non-shift costs on the lower levels. We investigated whether this profile depends on the way in which the individual task dimensions are cued. When the cues for the task dimensions were exchanged, the basic pattern of shift costs was replicated with only minor modifications. This indicates that the postulated hierarchical switching mechanism operates independently of the specifics of task cueing.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

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