scholarly journals Subjective Well-Being by Gender

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasna Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
It Employees ◽  
Female Employees

International competition and globalization of business and organizations, rapid technological change and higher customer demands for products and services with increasing emphasis on environmental issues change working life. Under these pressures in order to survive and make a positive result, companies must develop both their organization and people simultaneously with their products and technologies for improving the performance, work ability, commitment and well-being of employees. Therefore study of subjective well-being among male and female employees in IT industry is of paramount importance. Such study may affect the performance and over all well-being of not only employees but also of the organization as a whole. The study is descriptive in nature whereby an attempt is made to compare the level of subjective well-being among male and female employees in IT industry with the help of two questionnaires (Satisfaction with Life Scale and Positive Affectivity and Negative Affectivity Scale) and utilizing the survey technique. Subjective well-being is statistically analyzed by means, standard deviations, and t-ratio. The study shows that gender is not a determinant of subjective well-being, and both males and females perceive subjective well-being or evaluate their lives in a similar way. The level of life satisfaction among male and female IT employees is not comparable and there existed significant gender difference in the level of life satisfaction. The level of positive affectivity and negative affectivity among male and female IT employees was comparable and there exists no significant gender difference in the level of positive affectivity.

Positive Affectivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Naragon-Gainey ◽  
David Watson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Previous Measurement ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Affectivity ◽  
Trait Affect ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Order Components

Positive affectivity is a trait that reflects stable individual differences in positive emotional experience; high levels of the trait are marked by frequent feelings of cheerfulness, enthusiasm, and energy. Positive affectivity is relatively independent from negative affectivity, as these traits developed in response to different evolutionary pressures. Similar to personality traits, trait affect is structured hierarchically. Although there is not a clear consensus regarding the lower-order components of positive affectivity, we emphasize a model that includes components of joviality, self-assurance, and attentiveness. Different measures of positive affectivity are reviewed, as well as relationships to overlapping constructs such as extraversion, happiness, and subjective well-being. Positive affect is relevant to a number of important domains. For example, low levels of positive affectivity are characteristic of numerous psychological disorders (particularly depression), whereas elevated levels of the trait have been linked to mania and substance use. Current marital and job satisfaction can be predicted based on previous measurement of positive affectivity. Positive affectivity is also related to better physical health, such as increased resistance to infectious illnesses. Finally, although mean levels of positive affectivity do not appear to differ greatly across cultures, there is evidence that culture may influence cross-situational stability and perceptions of trait affect. We conclude by showing that although temperament is an important factor in determining levels of positive affectivity, individuals are still free to take action to increase their happiness in lasting ways.

scholarly journals A Study on Altruism and Subjective Well-Being among Emerging Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeya Bala P ◽  
Maria Sneha S ◽  
Prizila S ◽  
Priya Dharshini S ◽  
A. Antony Rose Rashmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The People

Being altruistic is one of the basic human traits but not exhibited by all, it has the capacity to transform the life of the people. The study aimed to explore whether being altruistic and perceived subjective well-being of emerging adults are related and also to find whether gender difference exist in the research variables. The participants consisted of 200 male and female undergraduate College students. Data were analysed using Karl Pearson’s correlation. Results of the study indicated that there exists a significant relationship between altruism and Subjective Well-being. The study also revealed that the emerging adult did not differ based on gender on Subjective Well-being. Also, they differ based on gender on altruism.

scholarly journals Person-environment fit in the context of sports and its association with subjective well-being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Terwiel ◽  
Sarah Kritzler ◽  
John F. Rauthmann ◽  
Maike Luhmann
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Person Environment Fit

Physical activity and sports participation are positively related to physical and mental health as well as to subjective well-being. Various approaches have been used to explain these associations. In our study, we propose that person-environment fit can partly explain the association between sports and subjective well-being. We examined to what extent the fit between an athlete’s individual personality trait levels and the typical personality trait levels of athletes in their sports discipline (supplementary fit) is associated with different indicators of subjective well-being. In two online surveys, we assessed typical and individual Big Five personality trait levels using the BFI-2-S. In Sample 1, 4,927 athletes of 96 sports rated the typical Big Five trait levels of either male or female athletes of their main sport. In Sample 2, 4,340 athletes of 94 sports rated their own Big Five trait levels and four indicators of subjective well-being: life satisfaction, sports-life satisfaction, positive affect, and First, we derived sport-specific typical Big Five trait levels for male and female athletes of 96 sports. Second, we investigated how variable-oriented supplementary fit in the context of sports is associated with four indicators of subjective well-being (life satisfaction, sports-life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect) using multilevel polynomial regression analyses with subsequent response surface analyses. All analyses were preregistered.We found both similarities and differences in typical Big Five trait levels for male and female athletes of different sports reflecting gender- and sport-specific characteristics of athletes of different sports. Variable-oriented supplementary fit between typical and individual Big Five trait levels was not significantly associated with any of the outcome variables. Variable-oriented supplementary fit between typical and individual Big Five trait levels was not associated with subjective well-being in the broad context of the sports type that athletes are performing.

scholarly journals A Study on Altruism and Subjective Well-Being among Emerging Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeya Bala P ◽  
Maria Sneha S ◽  
Prizila S ◽  
Priya Dharshini S ◽  
A. Antony Rose Rashmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Emerging Adult ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The People

Being altruistic is one of the basic human traits but not exhibited by all, it has the capacity to transform the life of the people. The study aimed to explore whether being altruistic and perceived subjective well-being of emerging adults are related and also to find whether gender difference exist in the research variables. The participants consisted of 200 male and female undergraduate College students. Data were analysed using Karl Pearson’s correlation. Results of the study indicated that there exists a significant relationship between altruism and Subjective Well-being. The study also revealed that the emerging adult did not differ based on gender on Subjective Well-being. Also, they differ based on gender on altruism.

scholarly journals Individual differences and changes in lifestyle behaviours predict decreased subjective well-being during COVID-19 restrictions in an Australian sample

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Brindal ◽  
Jillian C Ryan ◽  
Naomi Kakoschke ◽  
Sinead Golley ◽  
Ian T Zajac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Australian Sample

Abstract Background Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social distancing practices were introduced to curb infection rates in many countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these restrictions on behaviours and well-being and whether individual differences predict changes in well-being. Methods Australian adults participated in a cross-sectional, online survey during May 2020. The survey captured demographic information; health behaviours; personality traits; life satisfaction and COVID-19-related attitudes, financial concerns, perceived risks and impacts. Results In total, 3745 (86.8% of 4313) participants completed all items. Participants were mostly female (85.7%) and 56.4 years (standard deviation [SD] = 12.6) on average. Over 95.0% of the sample indicated they had been social distancing or isolating. Health behaviours and well-being had generally worsened, with social connections being the most negatively affected. Life satisfaction was significantly lower since restrictions. For changes in life satisfaction, extroversion was a risk factor and openness to experience was a protective factor. Conclusions Overall, well-being was negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing particularly in this sample containing mainly older women. In future, it will be crucial to understand why and who may be differentially affected, to encourage behaviours that are protective of well-being.

scholarly journals Family Solidarity, Social Support, Loneliness, and Well-Being Among Older Adults in Rural China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 319-320
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Merril Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Subjective Well Being

Abstract China is experiencing a large increase in elderly population. In 2019, China’s population aged 60 and above had reached 253 million, accounting for 18.1% of the total population (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2020). By 2050, the number of adults aged 60+ would be up to 430 million, reaching one third of the total population (Du, Zhai & Chen, 2005). Considering such a rapid aging process and the existing large number of older adults in China, it becomes imperative to investigate how psychosocial factors affect this group’s subjective well-being. This study proposed that, among older adults, higher support received from each of the three relational sources (adult children, family and friends) were associated with reduced loneliness and improved well-being. Structural equation modeling was conducted using a sample of rural adults aged 60 and older (N= 1142) from the 2018 wave of data from the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province, China. Findings indicated that support from adult children directly and indirectly decreased older adults’ depression and improved their life satisfaction through loneliness; while support from family members directly decreased depression but did not directly improve life satisfaction or indirectly improve well-being through loneliness. Although support from friends did not have a significant impact on older adults’ well-being, it indirectly improved well-being through reduced loneliness. Findings have implications for programs or interventions targeting both parent -adult-child support and friends support and reducing rural older adults’ loneliness.

scholarly journals How does area-level deprivation depress an individual’s self-rated health and life satisfaction? Evidence from a nationwide population-based survey in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Oshio ◽  
Hiromi Kimura ◽  
Toshimi Nishizaki ◽  
Takashi Omori
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Area-level deprivation is well known to have an adverse impact on mortality, morbidity, or other specific health outcomes. This study examined how area-level deprivation may affect self-rated health (SRH) and life satisfaction (LS), an issue that is largely understudied. Methods We used individual-level data obtained from a nationwide population-based internet survey conducted between 2019 and 2020, as well as municipality-level data obtained from a Japanese government database (N = 12,461 living in 366 municipalities). We developed multilevel regression models to explain an individual’s SRH and LS scores using four alternative measures of municipality-level deprivation, controlling for individual-level deprivation and covariates. We also examined how health behavior and interactions with others mediated the impact of area-level deprivation on SRH and LS. Results Participants in highly deprived municipalities tended to report poorer SRH and lower LS. For example, when living in municipalities falling in the highest tertile of municipality-level deprivation as measured by the z-scoring method, SRH and LS scores worsened by a standard deviation of 0.05 (p < 0.05) when compared with those living in municipalities falling in the lowest tertile of deprivation. In addition, health behavior mediated between 17.6 and 33.1% of the impact of municipality-level deprivation on SRH and LS, depending on model specifications. Conclusion Results showed that area-level deprivation modestly decreased an individual’s general health conditions and subjective well-being, underscoring the need for public health policies to improve area-level socioeconomic conditions.

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